Clive Cussler
Template:Short description Template:More citations needed Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English Template:Infobox writer
Clive Eric Cussler (July 15, 1931 – February 24, 2020) was an American adventure novelist and underwater explorer.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> His thriller novels, many featuring the character Dirk Pitt, have been listed on The New York Times fiction best-seller list more than 20 times. Cussler was the founder and chairman<ref name="numanet" /> of the National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA), which has discovered more than 60 shipwreck sites and numerous other notable underwater wrecks. He was the sole author or main author of more than 80 books. He often placed himself into his books as himself.
His novels have inspired various other works of fiction.
Early lifeEdit
Clive Cussler was born in Aurora, Illinois, the son of Eric Edward Cussler and Amy Adeline (née Hunnewell),<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> and grew up in Alhambra, California. His father was from Germany and his mother's ancestors were from England.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
In his memoir The Sea Hunters: True Adventures with Famous Shipwrecks, Cussler revealed that his father served in the Imperial German Army on the Western Front during World War I. Furthermore, one of Cussler's uncles served in the Imperial German Air Service and became a flying ace, shooting down 14 Allied aeroplanes.<ref>Clive Cussler (1996),The Sea Hunters: True Adventures with Famous Shipwrecks, pages 274-275.</ref>
He was awarded the rank of Eagle Scout when he was 14 years old.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He attended Pasadena City College<ref name="numanet">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> for two years and then enlisted in the United States Air Force during the Korean War.<ref name="sian" /> During his service with the Air Force, he was promoted to sergeant and worked as an aircraft mechanic and flight engineer for the Military Air Transport Service (MATS).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
CareerEdit
After his discharge from the military, Cussler went to work for the advertising industry, first as a copywriter and later as a creative director for two of the nation's most successful advertising agencies.<ref name="numanet"/> As part of his duties, Cussler produced radio and television commercials, many of which won international awards including an award at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
After the publication in 1996 of Cussler's first nonfiction work, The Sea Hunters, he was awarded a Doctor of Letters degree in 1997 by the Board of Governors of the State University of New York Maritime College who accepted the work in lieu of a Ph.D. thesis. This was the first time in the college's 123-year history that such a degree had been awarded.<ref name="numanet"/>
In 2002, Cussler was awarded the Naval Heritage Award from the U.S. Navy Memorial Foundation for his efforts concerning marine exploration.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Cussler was a fellow of the Explorers Club of New York, the Royal Geographical Society in London, and the American Society of Oceanographers.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Literary careerEdit
Clive Cussler began writing in 1965 when his wife took a job working nights for the local police department where they lived in California. After making dinner for the children and putting them to bed, he had no one to talk to and nothing much to do, so he decided to start writing.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His most famous character is marine engineer, government agent and adventurer Dirk Pitt. The Dirk Pitt novels frequently have an alternative history premise—such as "what if Atlantis were real?" or "what if Abraham Lincoln wasn't assassinated but was kidnapped?"Template:Citation needed
The first two Pitt novels, The Mediterranean Caper and Iceberg, were relatively conventional maritime thrillers. The third, Raise the Titanic!, made Cussler's reputation and established the pattern that subsequent Pitt novels would follow: a blend of adventure and advanced technology, generally involving megalomaniacal villains, lost ships, beautiful women, and sunken treasure.
Cussler's novels almost always begin with a chapter set in the past. These contain none of the novel's main characters and often seem disconnected from the plot until the main characters discover a mystery or secret relating the events of the first chapter to the rest of the story. This is almost always in the form of a long-lost artifact that is important to the villain's or hero's objectives. Often in the first chapter, a ship or airplane carrying a top-secret, important, or dangerous cargo is lost and never found, until it is recovered by a modern character later in the book.
Cussler's novels, like those of Michael Crichton, are examples of techno-thrillers that do not use military plots and settings. Where Crichton strove for scrupulous realism, however, Cussler prefers fantastic spectacles and outlandish plot devices. The Pitt novels, in particular, have the improbable quality of the James Bond or Indiana Jones movies, while also sometimes borrowing from Alistair MacLean's novels. Pitt himself is a super-hero reminiscent of Doc Savage and other characters from pulp magazines.
Cussler had seventeen consecutive titles listed on The New York Times fiction best seller list.<ref name="sian">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2014, McFarland Publishing released The Clive Cussler Adventures: A Critical Review by Steven Philip Jones, the first critical review textbook of Cussler's novels.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
NUMAEdit
As an underwater explorer, Cussler discovered more than 60 shipwreck sites<ref name="ValhallaRising">Template:Cite book</ref> and wrote non-fiction books about his findings. He was also the initiator of the National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA), a non-profit organization with the same name as the fictional government agency that employs Dirk Pitt.
Important finds by NUMA include:
- Template:RMS, the ship famed for being the first to come to the aid of Template:RMS survivors.
- Template:Ship, the first ironclad of the civil war, formerly the icebreaker Enoch Train.
A visual and interactive depiction of Cussler's NUMA Foundation Expeditions has been made available as an extension of NUMA's original website that has since been deleted.
Finds formerly believed to be important include:
- Mary Celeste, the famed ghost ship that was found abandoned with cargo intact (the identification of this wreck as the Mary Celeste has since been placed into a state of question after one researcher disputed the claim's authenticity).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
AdaptationsEdit
- The first film adaptation of a Clive Cussler novel was Raise the Titanic! (1980) featuring Richard Jordan as Dirk Pitt, Jason Robards as Admiral James Sandecker, David Selby as Gene Seagram, and Anne Archer as Dana Seagram.
- Paramount Pictures released the movie Sahara on April 8, 2005, featuring Matthew McConaughey as Dirk Pitt, Steve Zahn as Al Giordino, William H. Macy as Admiral Sandecker, and Penélope Cruz as Eva Rojas. It grossed $122 million with $241 million in production and distribution expenses.<ref name=LATBunting041507>Glenn F. Bunting, $78 million of red ink?, Los Angeles Times, April 15, 2007.</ref>
Personal lifeEdit
Clive Cussler married Barbara Knight in 1955, and they remained married for nearly 50 years until her death in 2003.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Together they had three children—Teri, Dirk, and Dayna—four grandchildren, and four great-grandchildren.
He was an avid car collector of classic automobiles that are on display at the Cussler Museum<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> in Arvada, Colorado. Clive Cussler was a part-time resident of both Arizona and Colorado.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Cussler died at his home in Paradise Valley, Arizona, on February 24, 2020, at age 88 of undisclosed causes.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref>
BibliographyEdit
Dirk Pitt AdventuresEdit
| # | Title | Publication date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The Mediterranean Caper | 1973 |
| 2 | Iceberg | 1975 |
| 3 | Raise the Titanic! | 1976 |
| 4 | Vixen 03 | 1978 |
| 5 | Night Probe | 1981 |
| 6 | Pacific Vortex! | 1983 |
| 7 | Deep Six | 1984 |
| 8 | Cyclops | 1986 |
| 9 | Treasure | 1988 |
| 10 | Dragon | 1990 |
| 11 | Sahara | 1992 |
| 12 | Inca Gold | 1994 |
| 13 | Shock Wave | 1996 |
| 14 | Flood Tide | 1997 |
| 15 | Atlantis Found | 1999 |
| 16 | Valhalla Rising | 2001 |
| 17 | Trojan Odyssey | 2003 |
| 18 | Black Wind | 2004 |
| 19 | Treasure of Khan | 2006 |
| 20 | Arctic Drift | 2008 |
| 21 | Crescent Dawn | 2010 |
| 22 | Poseidon's Arrow | 2012 |
| 23 | Havana Storm | 2014 |
| 24 | Odessa Sea | 2016 |
| 25 | Celtic Empire | 2019 |
| 26 | Clive Cussler's The Devil's Sea | 2021 |
| 27 | Clive Cussler's The Corsican Shadow | 2023 |
The NUMA FilesEdit
This series of books is based on the character Kurt Austin, Team Leader of NUMA's Special Assignments division and his adventures. Some characters from the Pitt novels appear such as Sandecker, Al Giordino, Rudi Gunn, Hiram Yaeger and St. Julien Perlmutter. Pitt makes brief appearances in the books Serpent, White Death, Polar Shift, Devil's Gate, The Storm, Zero Hour, and Ghost Ship and is mentioned in Lost City. Juan Cabrillo, the captain of the ship Oregon, also made a brief appearance in The Pharaoh's Secret.
| # | Title | Publication date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Serpent * | Jun 1, 1999 |
| 2 | Blue Gold * | Aug 1, 2000 |
| 3 | Fire Ice * | Jun 3, 2002 |
| 4 | White Death * | Jun 23, 2003 |
| 5 | Lost City * | Jul 22, 2004 |
| 6 | Polar Shift * | Aug 30, 2005 |
| 7 | The Navigator * | Jun 5, 2007 |
| 8 | Medusa * | Jul 2, 2009 |
| 9 | Devil's Gate † | Nov 14, 2011 |
| 10 | The Storm † | May 29, 2012 |
| 11 | Zero Hour † | May 28, 2013 |
| 12 | Ghost Ship † | May 27, 2014 |
| 13 | The Pharaoh's Secret † | Nov 17, 2015 |
| 14 | Nighthawk † | Jun 19, 2017 |
| 15 | The Rising Sea † | Mar 13, 2018 |
| 16 | Sea of Greed † | Nov 6, 2018 |
| 17 | Journey of the Pharaohs † | Mar 10, 2020 |
| 18 | Fast Ice † | Mar 9, 2021 |
| 19 | Clive Cussler's Dark Vector †† | May 24, 2022 |
| 20 | Clive Cussler's Condor's Fury †† | Sept 5, 2023 |
| 21 | Clive Cussler's Desolation Code †† | Nov 17, 2024 |
The Oregon FilesEdit
This series of books features a ship named the Oregon, which Cussler introduced in the Dirk Pitt Adventures novel Flood Tide (1997). While appearing to be a decrepit freighter, it is actually a high-tech advanced ship used by an unnamed and mysterious "Corporation" under the leadership of Juan Cabrillo. The ship is run like a business, with its crew being shareholders, taking jobs for the CIA and other agencies to help stop crime and terrorism. The crew is adept at disguises, combat, computer hacking and more to aid them in their missions. Kurt Austin, Joe Zavala, and Dirk Pitt all make cameo appearances in the fourth volume, Skeleton Coast (Cabrillo speaks to Pitt on the telephone; and Austin and Zavala appear at the end).
| # | Title | Publication date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Golden Buddha | 2003 |
| 2 | Sacred Stone | 2004 |
| 3 | Dark Watch | 2005 |
| 4 | Skeleton Coast | 2006 |
| 5 | Plague Ship | 2008 |
| 6 | Corsair | 2009 |
| 7 | The Silent Sea | 2010 |
| 8 | The Jungle | 2011 |
| 9 | Mirage | 2013 |
| 10 | Piranha | 2015 |
| 11 | The Emperor's Revenge | 2016 |
| 12 | Typhoon Fury | 2017 |
| 13 | Shadow Tyrants | 2018 |
| 14 | Final Option | 2019 |
| 15 | Marauder | 2020 |
| 16 | Clive Cussler's Hellburner ╛ | 2022 |
| 17 | Clive Cussler's Fire Strike ╛ | 2023 |
| 18 | Clive Cussler's Ghost Soldier ╛ | 2024 |
Isaac Bell AdventuresEdit
These books are set mostly in the U.S. in the early part of the 20th century. They center around Isaac Bell, a brilliant investigator for the Van Dorn Detective Agency, which appears to be modeled after the real-life Pinkerton Agency. Like Pitt, Bell has an affinity for automobiles and is a crack shot. The first book reveals that Bell survives into 1950 with a wife and grown children. Though the setting is a century ago, the books still qualify as techno-thrillers, since they feature the advanced technology of that time such as private express trains, telegraphs, telephones, dreadnought battleships and early airplanes. Isaac Bell also is a principal character of the background story in the Fargo Adventures novel The Gray Ghost.
| # | Title | Publication date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The Chase | 2007 |
| 2 | The Wrecker ‖ | 2009 |
| 3 | The Spy ‖ | 2010 |
| 4 | The Race ‖ | 2011 |
| 5 | The Thief ‖ | 2012 |
| 6 | The Striker ‖ | 2013 |
| 7 | The Bootlegger ‖ | 2014 |
| 8 | The Assassin‖ | 2015 |
| 9 | The Gangster ‖ | 2016 |
| 10 | The Cutthroat ‖ | 2017 |
| 11 | The Titanic Secret § | 2019 |
| 12 | The Saboteurs § | 2021 |
| 13 | Clive Cussler's The Sea Wolves §§ | 2022 |
| 14 | Clive Cussler's The Heist §§ | 2024 |
| 15 | Clive Cussler's The Iron Storm §§ | 2025 |
Fargo AdventuresEdit
The series focuses on Sam and Remi Fargo, a married couple who are professional treasure hunters.
| # | Title | Publication date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spartan Gold ^ | 2009 |
| 2 | Lost Empire ^ | 2010 |
| 3 | The Kingdom ^ | 2011 |
| 4 | The Tombs + | 2012 |
| 5 | The Mayan Secrets + | 2013 |
| 6 | The Eye of Heaven × | 2014 |
| 7 | The Solomon Curse × | 2015 |
| 8 | Pirate ** | 2016 |
| 9 | The Romanov Ransom ** | 2017 |
| 10 | The Gray Ghost ** | 2018 |
| 11 | The Oracle ** | 2019 |
| 12 | Wrath of Poseidon ** | 2020 |
Non-fictionEdit
| Title | Publication date |
|---|---|
| The Sea Hunters: True Adventures With Famous Shipwrecks ‡ | 1996 |
| Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt Revealed ‡ | 1998 |
| The Sea Hunters II: Diving the World's Seas for Famous Shipwrecks ‡ | 2002 |
| Built for Adventure: The Classic Automobiles of Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt | 2011 |
| Built to Thrill: More Classic Automobiles from Clive Cussler and Dirk Pitt | 2016 |
Children's booksEdit
| Title | Publication date |
|---|---|
| The Adventures of Vin Fiz | 2006 |
| The Adventures of Hotsy Totsy | 2010 |
(*) indicates books co-authored with Paul Kemprecos.
(†) indicates books co-authored with Graham Brown.
(††) indicates books authored by Graham Brown.
(‡) indicates books co-authored with Craig Dirgo.
(§) indicates books co-authored with Jack Du Brul.
(§§) indicates books authored by Jack Du Brul.
(‖) indicates books co-authored with Justin Scott.
(^) indicates books co-authored with Grant Blackwood.
(+) indicates books co-authored with Thomas Perry.
(×) indicates books co-authored with Russell Blake.
(≠) indicates books co-authored with Boyd Morrison.
(**) indicates books co-authored with Robin Burcell.
(***) indicates books authored by Robin Burcell.
(╛) indicates books authored by Mike Maden.
AwardsEdit
| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1974 | Edgar Allan Poe Award | Best Paperback Original | The Mediterranean Caper | Nominated | |
| 1992 | Japan Adventure Fiction Association Prize | - | Sahara | Won | |
| 2006 | International Thriller Writers Awards | "Thrillermaster" Award | - | Won |
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
Template:Sister project Template:Sister project
- Template:Official website
- NUMA website
- Template:Find a Grave
- Audio interview with Clive Cussler Talking about The Chase
- Clive Cussler Fans Website
- The Cussler Museum
- clivecussler.com.au
- Cussler Down Under newsletter
- {{#if:Clive Cussler|Template:PAGENAMEBASE discography at Discogs|{{#if:Template:Wikidata|Template:Wikidata Template:PAGENAMEBASE discography at DiscogsTemplate:EditAtWikidata|Template:PAGENAMEBASE discography at Discogs}}}}
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