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File:ICPC Foundation logo.svg
Logo of the ICPC Foundation

The International Collegiate Programming Contest (ICPC) is an annual multi-tiered competitive programming competition among the universities of the world.<ref name="CACM">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Directed by ICPC Executive Director and Baylor Professor William B. Poucher, the ICPC operates autonomous regional contests covering six continents culminating in a global World Finals every year. In 2018, ICPC participation included 52,709 students from 3,233 universities in 110 countries.

The ICPC operates under the auspices of the ICPC Foundation and operates under agreements with host universities and non-profits, all in accordance with the ICPC Policies and Procedures.<ref name="icpcpp">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> From 1977 until 2017 ICPC was held under the auspices of ACM and was referred to as ACM-ICPC.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

HistoryEdit

The ICPC traces its roots to a competition held at Texas A&M University in 1970 hosted by the Alpha chapter of the Upsilon Pi Epsilon Computer Science Honor Society (UPE). This initial programming competition was titled First Annual Texas Collegiate Programming Championship and each university was represented by a team of up to five members. The computer used was a IBM System/360 model 65 which was one of the first machines with a DAT (Dynamic Address Translator aka "paging") system for accessing memory. Teams that participated included Texas A&M, Texas Tech, University of Houston, and five or six other Texas University / Colleges. There were three problems that had to be completed and the cumulative time from "start" to "successful completion" determined first-, second-, and third-place winners. The programming language used was Fortran. The programs were written on coding sheets, keypunched on Hollerith cards, and submitted for execution. The University of Houston team won the competition completing all three problems successfully with time. The second- and third-place teams did not successfully complete all three problems. The contest evolved into its present form as a multi-tier competition in 1977, with the first finals held in conjunction with the ACM Computer Science Conference.

From 1977 to 1989, the contest included mainly teams of four from universities throughout the United States and Canada. ICPC Headquarters was hosted by Baylor University from 1989 until 2022, with regional contests established within the world's university community, the ICPC has grown into a worldwide competition. To increase access to the World Finals, teams were reduced to three students within their first five academic years.Template:Citation needed

From 1997 to 2017, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) was the sponsor of ICPC. During that time contest participation has grown by more than 2000%. In 1997, 840 teams from 560 universities participated. In 2017, 46,381 students from 2,948 universities in 103 countries on six continents participated in regional competitions. Organized as a highly localized extra-curricular university mind sport and operating as a globally-coordinated unincorporated association operating under agreements with host universities and non-profits, the ICPC is open to qualified teams from every university in the world.Template:Citation needed

UPE has provided continuous support since 1970 and honored World Finalists since the first Finals in 1976. The ICPC is indebted to ACM member contributions and ACM assistance from 1976 to 2018. Baylor University served since 1985, hosting ICPC Headquarters from 1989 until 2022. The ICPC operates under the auspices of the ICPC Foundation which provides the ICPC Global Headquarters to service a globally-coordinated community whose events operate under agreements with host universities and non-profits to insure that participation in ICPC is open to qualified teams from every university in the world. See ICPC Policies and Procedures.<ref name="icpcpp"/>

The ICPC World Finals (The Annual World Finals of the International Collegiate Programming Contest) is the final round of competition. Over its history it has become a 4-day event held in the finest venues worldwide with 140 teams competing in the 2018 World Finals. Recent World Champion teams have been recognized by their country's head of state. In recent years, media impressions have hovered at the one billion mark.Template:Citation needed

From 2000 to 2022, only teams from Russia, China, and Poland have won the ICPC world finals.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Participation in North America is much smaller than in the rest of the world, which is partially attributed to the perceived low payoff of participating.<ref name="sigcse16">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Contest rulesEdit

ICPC contests are team competitions. Current rules stipulate that each team consist of three students. Participants must be university students, who have had less than five years of university education before the contest. Students who have previously competed in two World Finals or five regional competitions are ineligible to compete again.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

During each contest, the teams of three are given 5 hours to solve between eight and fifteen programming problems (with eight typical for regionals and twelve for finals). They must submit solutions as programs in C, C++, Java, Ada,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Python<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> or Kotlin<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (although it is not guaranteed every problem is solvable in any certain language, the ICPC website states that "the judges will have solved all problems in Java and C++" for both regional and world finals competitions). Programs are then run on test data. If a program fails to give a correct answer, the team is notified and can submit another program.

The winner is the team which correctly solves the most problems. If necessary to rank teams for medals or prizes among tying teams, the placement of teams is determined by the sum of the elapsed times at each point that they submitted correct solutions plus 20 minutes for each rejected submission of a problem ultimately solved. There is no time consumed for a problem that is not solved.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Compared to other programming contests (for example, International Olympiad in Informatics), the ICPC is characterized by a large number of problems (eight or more problems in just 5 hours). Another feature is that each team can use only one computer, although teams have three students. This makes the time pressure even greater. Good teamwork and ability to withstand pressure is needed to win.

2004–2025 finalsEdit

2004 World FinalsEdit

The 2004 ACM-ICPC World Finals were hosted at the Obecni Dum, Prague, by Czech Technical University in Prague. 3,150 teams representing 1,411 universities from 75 countries competed in elimination rounds, with 73 of those teams proceeding to the world finals. St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics from Russia won, solving 7 of 10 problems.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Gold medalists were St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden), Belarusian State University, and Perm State University (Russia).

2005 World FinalsEdit

The 2005 world finals were held at Pudong Shangri-La Hotel in Shanghai on April 6, 2005, hosted by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 4,109 teams representing 1,582 universities from 71 countries competed in elimination rounds, with 78 of those teams proceeding to the world finals. Shanghai Jiao Tong University won its second world title, with 8 of 10 problems solved.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} Retrieved on 2013-07-30.</ref> Gold medal winners were Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Moscow State University (Russia), St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics (Russia), and University of Waterloo (Canada).

2006 World FinalsEdit

The 2006 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in San Antonio, Texas, and hosted by Baylor University.<ref name="Sullivan">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> 5,606 teams representing 1,733 universities from 84 countries competed in elimination rounds, with 83 of those teams proceeding to the world finals. Saratov State University from Russia won, solving 6 of 10 problems.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Gold medal winners were Saratov, Jagiellonian University (Poland), Altai State Technical University (Russia), University of Twente (The Netherlands).

2007 World FinalsEdit

The 2007 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held at the Tokyo Bay Hilton, in Tokyo, Japan, March 12–16, 2007. The World Finals was hosted by the ACM Japan Chapter and the IBM Tokyo Research Lab. Some 6,099 teams competed on six continents at the regional level. Eighty-eight teams advanced to the World Finals. Warsaw University won its second world championship, solving 8 of 10 problems. Gold Medal Winners were Warsaw University, Tsinghua University (China), St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics (Russia), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States). Silver Medal Winners include Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China) and 3 other universities.

2008 World FinalsEdit

The 2008 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held at the Fairmont Banff Springs Hotel, in Banff, Alberta, Canada, April 6–10, 2008.<ref name="earthtimes">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The World Finals was hosted by the University of Alberta. There were 100 teams in the World finals, out of 6700 total teams competing in the earlier rounds.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics won their second world championship. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Izhevsk State Technical University, and Lviv National University also received gold medals.

2009 World FinalsEdit

The 2009 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in Stockholm, Sweden, April 18–22, at the campus of the hosting institution, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, as well as at the Grand Hotel, the Radisson Strand, and the Diplomat Hotel. There were 100 teams from over 200 regional sites competing for the World Championship. The St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics defended their title, winning their third world championship. Tsinghua University, St. Petersburg State University, and Saratov State University also received gold medals.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The 2009 World Finals pioneered live video broadcasting of the entire contest, featuring elements such as expert commentary, live feeds of teams and their computer screens and interviews with judges, coaches and dignitaries. The event was broadcast online, as well as by Swedish television channel Axess TV.

2010 World FinalsEdit

The 2010 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in Harbin, China. The host is Harbin Engineering University. Shanghai Jiao Tong University won the world championship.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Moscow State University, National Taiwan University, and Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University also received gold medals.

2011 World FinalsEdit

The 2011 ACM-ICPC World Finals were held in Orlando, Florida and hosted by main sponsor IBM. The contest was initially scheduled to be held in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt in February, but was moved due to the political instability associated with the Arab Spring. Zhejiang University took first place with the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Tsinghua University, and Saint Petersburg State University taking 2nd, 3rd, and 4th respectively each receiving gold medals.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> China (2G) United States (1G) Russia (1G, 2S, 2B) Germany (1S) Ukraine (1S) Poland (1B) Canada (1B)

2012 World FinalsEdit

The 2012 World Finals were held in Warsaw, Poland. They were inaugurated on 15 May and hosted by University of Warsaw.<ref>Template:In lang Wiadomości - Gazeta.plTemplate:Dead link. Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl. Retrieved on 2013-07-30.</ref> St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics won their fourth world championship, the most by any University at the time. University of Warsaw, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University took 2nd, 3rd, and 4th place respectively each receiving gold medals. Russia (2G, 1B) China (1G,1S) Poland (1G) United States (1S) Hong Kong (1S) Belarus (1S, 1B) Canada (1B) Japan (1B)

2013 World FinalsEdit

The 2013 World Finals were held in Saint Petersburg, Russia. They were inaugurated on 3 July and were hosted by NRU ITMO.

2013 top thirteen teams that received medals are:

Japan (1G) Russia (1G, 1S, 2B) China (1G, 1B) Taiwan (1G) Poland (1S, 1B) Ukraine (1S) Belarus (1S) United States (1B)

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2014 World FinalsEdit

The 2014 World Finals were held in Ekaterinburg, Russia on June 21–25, hosted by Ural Federal University. The final competition was held on June 25.<ref name = "ref_schedule">icpc 2014 schedule Template:Webarchive, from icpc 2014 official website</ref> 122 teams participated in the competition and St. Petersburg State University became the world champion.<ref name="ref_result">icpc 2014 result Template:Webarchive, from mirror website</ref>

Following teams were awarded medals in ICPC 2014:<ref name = ref_result/>

Russia (2G, 2B) China (1G, 1S, 1B) Taiwan (1G) Japan (1S) Poland (1S) Croatia (1S) Slovakia (1B)

Gold

Silver

  • University of Warsaw
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  • The University of Tokyo
  • University of Zagreb

Bronze

  • St. Petersburg National Research University of IT, Mechanics and Optics
  • National Research University Higher School of Economics
  • Tsinghua University
  • Comenius University

2015 World FinalsEdit

The 2015 World Finals were held in Marrakesh (Morocco) during May 16–21, hosted by Mohammed the Fifth University, Al Akhawayn University and Mundiapolis University. The final competition took place on May 20. 128 teams competed to be World Champion. Saint Petersburg ITMO emerged as the winner, having solved all problems (13) for the first time ever. Other medalists included teams from Russia (2G), China (1G, 1B, 1S), Japan (1G), the United States (1B, 1S), Croatia (1S), Czech Republic (1S), Korea (1B), and Poland (1B).

Gold

Silver

Bronze

2016 World FinalsEdit

The 2016 World Finals were held in Phuket (Thailand) during May 16–21. The final competition was on May 19. 128 teams competed to be World Champion. The winners were Saint Petersburg State University, solving 11 out of 13 problems. The first runners-up were Shanghai Jiao Tong University, also solving 11 problems, but 7 minutes behind the winning team.

Gold

Silver

Bronze

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2017 World FinalsEdit

The 2017 World Finals were held in Rapid City, South Dakota (United States) during May 20–25, hosted by Excellence in Computer Programming. Due to visa issue, several teams were unable to present onsite, in which the affected schools are allowed direct qualifications for ICPC 2018 besides the usual qualification spots.

The winner was ITMO University. Teams of the following countries were awarded medals in ICPC 2017: Russia (2 Gold, 1 Silver, 1 Bronze), Poland (1 Gold), South Korea (1 Gold, 1 Bronze), China (3 Silver), Sweden (1 Bronze), Japan (1 Bronze).

Gold

Silver

Bronze

2018 World FinalsEdit

The 2018 World Finals were held in Beijing (China), during April 15–20, hosted by Peking University.

Template:Webarchive

Rank in Final Country Institution First to Solve Problem Number of solved problems
01 1 Template:Flag Moscow State University Panda Preserve & Single Cut of Failure 9
02 2 Template:Flag Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Getting a Jump on Crime 8
03 3 Template:Flag Peking University Gem Island 8
04 4 Template:Flag The University of Tokyo 8
05 5 Template:Flag Seoul National University Comma Sprinkler 7
06 6 Template:Flag University of New South Wales Wireless is the New Fiber 7
07 7 Template:Flag Tsinghua University 7
08 8 Template:Flag Shanghai Jiao Tong University 7
09 9 Template:Flag ITMO University Go with the Flow 7
10 10 Template:Flag University of Central Florida 7
11 11 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology 7
12 12 Template:Flag Vilnius University Catch the Plane 7
13 13 Template:Flag Ural Federal University 7

In 2018 World Final, problems "Conquer the World" and "Uncrossed Knight's Tour" were not solved.

2019 World FinalsEdit

The 2019 World Finals were held in Porto (Portugal) from March 31 to April 5, 2019, hosted by the University of Porto and the City of Porto.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Gold

Silver

Bronze

World Finals Moscow (2020)Edit

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 World Finals were postponed.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The finals took place in Moscow (Russia) from October 1 to October 5, 2021, hosted by Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> To avoid confusion with dates, in all official materials it was called "World Finals Moscow" instead of 2020 or 2021.

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Rank in Final Country Institution citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Number of solved problems
01 1 Template:Flag State University of Nizhny Novgorod B (The Cost of Speed Limits); H (QC QC) 12
02 2 Template:Flag Seoul National University F (Ley Lines) 11
03 3 Template:Flag ITMO University I (Quests) 11
04 4 Template:Flag Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 11
05 5 Template:Flag University of Wroclaw G (Opportunity Cost) 11
06 6 Template:Flag University of Cambridge A (Cardiology) 11
07 7 Template:Flag Belarusian State University 11
08 8 Template:Flag University of Bucharest D (Gene Folding); O (Which Planet is This?!) 10
09 9 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology E (Landscape Generator); J (’S No Problem) 10
10 10 Template:Flag Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics 10
11 11 Template:Flag University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 10
12 12 Template:Flag Higher School of Economics 9

In 2020–2021 World Final, problems K (Space Walls) and L (Sweep Stakes) were not solved.

World Finals Dhaka (2021)Edit

The 45-th World Finals initially scheduled for 2021, was held in Dhaka (Bangladesh) from November 6 to November 11, 2022, because of schedule changes due to COVID-19 pandemic, hosted by the University of Asia Pacific.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> To avoid confusion about dates, it was called World Finals Dhaka in all official materials.

Source:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Rank in Final Country Institution Number of solved problems
01 1 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology 11
02 2 Template:Flag Peking University 10
03 3 Template:Flag The University of Tokyo 9
04 4 Template:Flag Seoul National University 9
05 5 Template:Flag ETH Zürich 9
06 6 Template:Flag École Normale Supérieure de Paris 9
07 7 Template:Flag Carnegie Mellon University 9
08 8 Template:Flag University of Warsaw 8
09 9 Template:Flag National Research University Higher School of Economics 8
10 10 Template:Flag St. Petersburg State University 8
11 11 Template:Flag University of Oxford 8
12 12 Template:Flag University of Engineering and Technology - VNU 8

World Finals Luxor (2022 & 2023)Edit

To synchronize with the schedule after all rescheduling because of Covid-19 pandemic both 46-th and 47-th world finals were scheduled to take place in the same time in November 2023 in Sharm El Sheikh. Because of Gaza war and related safety concerns, it was rescheduled once again and finally happened in Luxor in April from 14th to 19 April 2024. To avoid confusion about dates, the event was referred to as World Finals Luxor (World Finals Sharm before rescheduling), with two competitions as 46th and 47th separately, if needed, in all official materials.

Two competitions were held in parallel, with intersecting problem sets. In 47-th finals, due to very close results (less than 40 penalty minutes difference between 12 and 16 place), additional bronze medals were awarded at the next finals in Astana.

Source:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

46th Finals medalists
Rank in Final Country Institution Number of solved problems
01 1 Template:Flag Peking University 10
02 2 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology 9
03 3 Template:Flag National Research University Higher School of Economics 9
04 4 Template:Flag University of Oxford 9
05 5 Template:Flag Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 9
06 6 Template:Flag Seoul National University 9
07 7 Template:Flag Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 9
08 8 Template:Flag University of Wisconsin-Madison 8
09 9 Template:Flag The University of Tokyo 8
10 10 Template:Flag Tsinghua University 8
11 11 Template:Flag Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications 8
12 12 Template:Flag National Taiwan University 8
47th Finals medalists
Rank in Final Country Institution Number of solved problems Penalty time
01 1 Template:Flag National Research University Higher School of Economics 9 995
02 2 Template:Flag Peking University 9 1068
03 3 Template:Flag Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 9 1143
04 4 Template:Flag Harbour.Space University 9 1304
05 5 Template:Flag Tsinghua University 9 1524
06 6 Template:Flag Nanjing University 8 1013
07 7 Template:Flag Seoul National University 8 1102
08 8 Template:Flag University of Waterloo 8 1120
09 9 Template:Flag The University of Tokyo 8 1121
10 10 Template:Flag Tokyo Institute of Technology 8 1424
11 11 Template:Flag Brigham Young University 7 842
12 12 Template:Flag University of Warsaw 7 940
13 13 Template:Flag Universidad de Buenos Aires 7 955
14 14 Template:Flag University of Cambridge 7 962
15 15 Template:Flag National Taiwan University 7 962
16 16 Template:Flag Xi'an Jiaotong University 7 980

World Finals Astana (2024)Edit

The 48th World Finals was held on 15–20 September 2024 in Astana, Kazakhstan hosted by The Kazakhstan Competitive Programming Federation.

Source:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Rank in Final Country Institution Number of solved problems Penalty time
01 1 Template:Flag Peking University 9 935
02 2 Template:Flag Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 9 1212
03 3 Template:Flag Tsinghua University 9 1218
04 4 Template:Flag Tokyo Institute of Technology 9 1322
05 5 Template:Flag KAIST 8 868
06 6 Template:Flag National University of Singapore 8 934
07 7 Template:Flag Beijing Jiaotong University 8 960
08 8 Template:Flag The University of Tokyo 8 1031
09 9 Template:Flag Seoul National University 8 1112
10 10 Template:Flag Zhejiang University 8 1166
11 11 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology 8 1324
12 12 Template:Flag Swarthmore College 7 605

World Finals Baku (2025)Edit

The 49th ICPC World Championship will be held in Baku, Azerbaijan, from August 31 to September 5, 2025, hosted by ADA University in partnership with the Central Bank of Azerbaijan.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

WinnersEdit

Several time winners
Wins Country Institution Most Recent
7 Template:Flag ITMO University 2017
4 Template:Flag Saint Petersburg State University 2016
3 Template:Flag Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2010
3 Template:Flag Stanford University 1991
2 Template:Flag Peking University 2024
2 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2022
2 Template:Flag Moscow State University 2019
2 Template:Flag University of Warsaw 2007
2 Template:Flag University of Waterloo 1999
2 Template:Flag California Institute of Technology 1988
2 Template:Flag Washington University in St. Louis 1980
Winner by year
Year Country Institution Host Country Host City
2024 Template:Flag Peking University Template:Flag Astana
2023 Template:Flag National Research University Higher School of Economics Template:Flag Luxor
2022 Template:Flag Peking University Template:Flag Luxor
2021 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology Template:Flag Dhaka
2020 Template:Flag Nizhny Novgorod State University Template:Flag Moscow
2019 Template:Flag Moscow State University Template:Flag Porto
2018 Template:Flag Moscow State University Template:Flag Beijing
2017 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Rapid City, South Dakota
2016 Template:Flag St. Petersburg State University Template:Flag Phuket
2015 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Marrakech
2014 Template:Flag St. Petersburg State University Template:Flag Ekaterinburg
2013 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Saint Petersburg
2012 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Warsaw
2011 Template:Flag Zhejiang University Template:Flag Orlando, Florida
2010 Template:Flag Shanghai Jiao Tong University Template:Flag Harbin
2009 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Stockholm
2008 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Banff, Alberta
2007 Template:Flag University of Warsaw Template:Flag Urayasu, Chiba
2006 Template:Flag Saratov State University Template:Flag San Antonio, Texas
2005 Template:Flag Shanghai Jiao Tong University Template:Flag Shanghai
2004 Template:Flag ITMO University Template:Flag Prague
2003 Template:Flag University of Warsaw Template:Flag Beverly Hills, California
2002 Template:Flag Shanghai Jiao Tong University Template:Flag Honolulu, Hawaii
2001 Template:Flag St. Petersburg State University Template:Flag Vancouver, British Columbia
2000 Template:Flag St. Petersburg State University Template:Flag Orlando, Florida
1999 Template:Flag University of Waterloo Template:Flag Eindhoven
1998 Template:Flag Charles University Template:Flag Atlanta, Georgia
1997 Template:Flag Harvey Mudd College Template:Flag San Jose, California
1996 Template:Flag University of California, Berkeley Template:Flag Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1995 Template:Flag Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Template:Flag Nashville, Tennessee
1994 Template:Flag University of Waterloo Template:Flag Phoenix, Arizona
1993 Template:Flag Harvard University Template:Flag Indianapolis, Indiana
1992 Template:Flag University of Melbourne Template:Flag Kansas City, Missouri
1991 Template:Flag Stanford University Template:Flag San Antonio, Texas
1990 Template:Flag University of Otago Template:Flag Washington, DC
1989 Template:Flag University of California, Los Angeles Template:Flag Louisville, Kentucky
1988 Template:Flag California Institute of Technology Template:Flag Atlanta, Georgia
1987 Template:Flag Stanford University Template:Flag St Louis, Missouri
1986 Template:Flag California Institute of Technology Template:Flag Cincinnati, Ohio
1985 Template:Flag Stanford University Template:Flag New Orleans, Louisiana
1984 Template:Flag Johns Hopkins University Template:Flag Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1983 Template:Flag University of Nebraska - Lincoln Template:Flag Melbourne, Florida
1982 Template:Flag Baylor University Template:Flag Indianapolis, Indiana
1981 Template:Flag University of Missouri–Rolla Template:Flag St Louis, Missouri
1980 Template:Flag Washington University in St. Louis Template:Flag Kansas City, Missouri
1979 Template:Flag Washington University in St. Louis Template:Flag Dayton, Ohio
1978 Template:Flag Massachusetts Institute of Technology Template:Flag Detroit, Michigan
1977 Template:Flag Michigan State University Template:Flag Atlanta, Georgia
Country wins
Wins Country Most Recent Win No. of Years Participated
18 Template:Flag 2021 47
16 Template:Flag 2023 28 (since 1996)
6 Template:Flag 2024
2 Template:Flag 2007
2 Template:Flag 1999
1 Template:Flag 1998
1 Template:Flag 1995
1 Template:Flag 1992
1 Template:Flag 1990

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

Template:Association for Computing Machinery