List of governors of Michigan
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Featured list Template:Infobox official post The governor of Michigan, is the head of government of the U.S. state of Michigan as well as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.<ref>1963 Michigan Constitution, Article 5, Section 12</ref> The governor has a duty to enforce state laws;<ref>1963 Michigan Constitution, Article 5, Section 8</ref> the power to either approve or veto appropriation bills passed by the Michigan Legislature;<ref>1963 Michigan Constitution, Article 5, Section 19</ref> the power to convene the legislature;<ref>1963 Michigan Constitution, Article 5, Section 15</ref> and the power to grant pardons, except in cases of impeachment.<ref>1963 Michigan Constitution, Article 5, Section 14</ref> The governor is also empowered to reorganize the executive branch of the state government.<ref>1963 Michigan Constitution, Article 5, Section 2</ref>
In the 17th and 18th century, Michigan was part of French and then British holdings, and administered by their colonial governors. After becoming part of the United States, areas of what is today Michigan were part of the Northwest Territory, Indiana Territory and Illinois Territory, and administered by territorial governors. In 1805, the Michigan Territory was created, and five men served as territorial governors, until Michigan was granted statehood in 1837. Forty-seven individuals have held the position of state governor. The first female governor, Jennifer Granholm, served from 2003 to 2011.
After Michigan gained statehood, governors held the office for a 2-year term, until the 1963 Michigan Constitution changed the term to 4 years. The number of times an individual could hold the office was unlimited until a 1992 constitutional amendment imposed a lifetime term limit of two 4-year governorships. The longest-serving governor in Michigan's history was William Milliken, who was promoted from lieutenant governor after Governor George W. Romney resigned to become Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, then was elected to three further successive terms. The only governors to serve non-consecutive terms were John S. Barry and Frank Fitzgerald.
List of governorsEdit
Territory of MichiganEdit
Michigan Territory was organized on June 30, 1805, from the north half of Indiana Territory.<ref>Template:Usstat</ref> It had three governors appointed by the president of the United States, including the longest-serving governor of any territory, Lewis Cass, who served for 18 years.Template:Sfn
Template:Abbr | Governor | Term in officeTemplate:Efn | Appointed by | |
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1 | File:William Hull.jpg | William Hull Template:Small Template:Sfn |
Template:DtsTemplate:Efn – October 29, 1813 Template:SmallTemplate:Efn |
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2 | File:Lewis Cass, 14th United States Secretary of War.jpg | Lewis Cass Template:Small Template:Sfn |
Template:DtsTemplate:Efn – August 1, 1831 Template:SmallTemplate:Efn |
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3 | File:George B. Porter.png | George Bryan Porter Template:Small Template:Sfn |
Template:DtsTemplate:Efn – July 6, 1834 Template:Small |
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— | File:Stevens T Mason.png | Stevens T. Mason Template:Small Template:Sfn<ref name="nga-mason" /> |
Template:Dts – September 21, 1835 Template:SmallTemplate:Efn |
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— | File:John Scott Horner.jpg | John S. Horner Template:Small |
Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> – July 3, 1836 Template:SmallTemplate:Efn |
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State of MichiganEdit
Michigan was admitted to the Union on January 26, 1837. The original 1835 Constitution of Michigan provided for the election of a governor and a lieutenant governor every 2 years.<ref>1835 Const. art. V, § 1</ref> The current constitution of 1963 increased this term to four years.<ref name="MI Const. art. V, § 21">MI Const. art. V, § 21</ref> There was no term limit on governors until a 1993 constitutional amendment limited governors to two terms.<ref>MI Const. art. V, § 30</ref>
Should the office of governor become vacant, the lieutenant governor becomes governor, followed in order of succession by the secretary of state and the attorney general.<ref>MI Const. art. V, § 26</ref> Prior to the current constitution, the duties of the office would devolve upon the lieutenant governor, without that person actually becoming governor.<ref>1835 Const. art. V, § 13</ref> Beginning in 1850, the term begins at noon on January 1 of the year following the election;<ref name="Exec">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> before, it had no set start date, and terms would last until when their successor was inaugurated, which would be at least the first Monday in January following their election.<ref>1835 Const. art. XII, § 10</ref> Prior to the modern 1963 constitution, the governor and lieutenant governor were elected through separate votes, allowing them to be from different political parties. In 1963, this was changed, so that votes are cast jointly for a governor and lieutenant governor of the same political party.<ref name="MI Const. art. V, § 21" /><ref>1835 Const. art. V, § 3</ref>
See alsoEdit
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
- General
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- Constitutions
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- Specific
External linksEdit
Template:Current U.S. governors Template:US Chief Executives