Incubator escapee wiki

List of slaves

Article Discussion

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File:Livorno Quattro mori monument 07.JPG
One of four statues of chained slaves at the base of the Monument of the Four Moors in Livorno, Italy, whose models may have been actual slaves

Slavery is a social-economic system under which people are enslaved: deprived of personal freedom and forced to perform labor or services without compensation. These people are referred to as slaves, or as enslaved people.

The following is a list of notable historical people who were enslaved at some point during their lives, in alphabetical order by first name. Template:Compact TOC

AEdit

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|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He was portrayed by Nicolaas Verkolje.

  • Adam Brzeziński (1768 – after 1797), Polish serf and Royal Ballet Dancer, donated to the king of Poland by will and testament.<ref name="ReferenceA">Bernacki: Teatr; Mamontowicz-Łojek: Szkoła Tyzenhauza s. 53, 54, 70, 86-89, 92; Wierzbicka: Sześć studiów; Muzyka 1969 nr 2 (J. Prosnak).</ref>
  • Aesop (Template:Circa 620–564 BCE), Greek poet and author or transcriber of Aesop's Fables.
  • Afanasy Grigoriev (1782–1868), Russian serf and Neoclassical architect.
  • Afrosinya (1699/1700–1748), Russian serf, possibly a Finnish captive, enslaved mistress of Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia.
File:Cabeza de Vaca Portrait.jpg
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
File:Aesop pushkin01.jpg
Aesop in a Hellenistic statue claimed to be him, Art Collection of Villa Albani, Rome
File:Voronikhin.jpg
Portrait of Andrey Voronikhin. Engraving by V. A. Bobrov from the beginning of the 19th century.

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  • Annice (died 1828), executed for the murders of five children.
  • Annika Svahn (Template:Fl 1714), Finnish woman abducted by the Russians during the Great Northern War. The daughter of a vicar in Joutseno, she became perhaps the best-known victim of the abuse suffered by the civilian population in Finland during the Russian occupation Greater Wrath.
  • Antarah ibn Shaddad (525–608), pre-Islamic Arab born to an enslaved woman, freed by his father on the eve of battle, also a poet.
  • Anthony Burns (1834–1862), a Baptist preacher who escaped slavery to Boston only to be recaptured due to the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, then had his freedom bought by those who opposed his recapture in Boston.
  • Antonia Bonnelli (1786–1870), captured and enslaved by the Mikasuki tribe in Florida in 1802.
  • António Corea, European name given to a Korean. He was taken to Italy, which made him possibly the first Korean person to set foot in Europe.<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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File:Петровское. Бюст А.П. Ганнибала.jpg
Abram Petrovich Gannibal, bust in Petrovskoe, Russia

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File:William Hoare of Bath - Portrait of Ayuba Suleiman Diallo, (1701-1773).jpg
Portrait of Ayuba Suleiman Diallo by William Hoare (1733)
  • Ayuba Suleiman Diallo (1701–1773), also known as Job ben Solomon, a Muslim of the Bundu state in West Africa who was enslaved for two years in Maryland, freed in 1734, and later wrote memoirs that were published as one of the earliest slave narratives.

BEdit

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Baibars
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  • Bass Reeves (1838–1910), one of the first black Deputy U.S. Marshals west of the Mississippi River, credited with arresting over 3,000 felons as well as shooting and killing fourteen outlaws in self-defense.
  • Belinda Sutton (1713–179?), born in Ghana, petitioned for support from her enslaver's estate, considered an early reparations case and inspired future activism.
File:Belinda AmericanMuseum1787.jpg
Belinda Sutton's petition, reprinted
File:Saint Non's Chapel - Fenster 3 St.Bride.jpg
Saint Brigid of Kildare as depicted in Saint Non's chapel, St Davids, Wales
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|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="irishcatholic.ie">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in County Louth, Ireland. Her mother was Brocca, a Christian Pict slave who had been baptized by Saint Patrick. They name her father as Dubhthach, a chieftain of Leinster.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Dubthach's wife forced him to sell Brigid's mother to a druid when she became pregnant. Brigid herself was born into slavery. The child Brigid was said to have performed miracles, including healing and feeding the poor.<ref>Wallace, Martin. A Little Book of Celtic Saints. Belfast. Appletree Press, 1995, Template:ISBN, p.13</ref> Around the age of ten, she was returned as a household servant to her father, where her habit of charity led her to donate his belongings to anyone who asked. In two Lives, Dubthach was so annoyed with her that he took her in a chariot to the King of Leinster to sell her. While Dubthach was talking to the king, Brigid gave away his jewelled sword to a beggar to barter it for food to feed his family. The king recognized her holiness and convinced Dubthach to grant his daughter her freedom, after which she started her career as a well-known nun.<ref name=Bitel>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CEdit

File:Aisse.jpg
Charlotte Aïssé
File:Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Paşa büstü.JPG
Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha bust at Mersin Naval Museum
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DEdit

File:Dred Scott photograph (circa 1857).jpg
Dred Scott, who lost a legal suit for his freedom in the United States Supreme Court in 1857

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  • Denmark Vesey (Template:Circa 1767–1822), an enslaved African-American man and later a freeman who planned what would have been one of the largest slave rebellions in the United States had word of the plans not been leaked.<ref name="library.uncg.edu">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Dido Elizabeth Belle (1761–1804), born into slavery as the natural daughter of Maria Belle, an enslaved African woman in the West Indies, and Sir John Lindsay, a career Royal Navy officer. Lindsay took Belle with him when he returned to England in 1765, entrusting her raising to his uncle William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, and his wife Elizabeth Murray, Countess of Mansfield. The Murrays educated Belle, bringing her up as a free gentlewoman at their Kenwood House, together with their niece, Lady Elizabeth Murray. Belle lived there for 30 years. In his will of 1793, Lord Mansfield confirmed her freedom and provided an outright sum and an annuity to her, making her an heiress.
  • Diego was a formerly-enslaved freedman closely associated with the Elizabethan English navigator Francis Drake. In March 1573, Drake raided Darien (in modern Panama), in which he was greatly aided by Maroons – Africans who had escaped from Spanish slave owners and were glad to help their English enemies. One of them was Diego, who proved a capable ship builder and accompanied Drake back to England. In 1577, when Queen Elizabeth sent Drake to start an expedition against the Spanish along the Pacific coast of the Americas – which eventually developed into Drake circumnavigating the world – Diego was once again employed under Drake; his fluency in Spanish and English would make him a useful interpreter when Spaniards or Spanish-speaking Portuguese were captured. He was employed as Drake's servant and was paid wages, just like the rest of the crew. Diego died while Drake's ship was crossing the Pacific, of wounds sustained earlier in the voyage. Drake was saddened at his death, Diego having become a good friend.<ref name="kaufman">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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EEdit

File:Baker, Lady Florence, Maull & Co., BNF Gallica.jpg
Florence, Lady Baker c. 1875. A Romanian enslaved as an orphan, was bought by Samuel Baker, who married her.
  • Edward Mozingo Sr., (Template:Circa 1649–1712), kidnapped from Africa when about 10 years old, sold into slavery in Jamestown, Virginia. After his owner died, he sued for his freedom and won it. He married an impoverished white woman, Margaret Pierce Bayley (1645–1711) and together they, essentially, founded the Mozingo family line in North America.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Elijah Abel (1808–1884), born enslaved in Maryland and believed to have escaped slavery on the Underground Railroad into Canada. He joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in its early days, was among the first blacks to receive its priesthood and the first black person to rise to the ranks of an elder and seventy.
  • Elizabeth Marsh (1735–1785), an Englishwoman who was captured by corsairs and held in slavery in Morocco.
  • Edith Hern Fossett, a woman enslaved by U.S. President Thomas Jefferson, was taught to cook by a French chef and created French cuisine at the White House and at Monticello.
  • Elias Polk (1806–1886), a conservative political activist of the 19th century.
  • Eliezer of Damascus, Abraham's slave and trusted manager of the Patriarch's household in the Hebrew Bible.
  • Elieser was a man enslaved by the family of Paulo de Pina, Portuguese Jews who moved to the Netherlands in 1610 to escape persecution and forced conversion in Portugal. He lived with the family in Amsterdam until his death in 1629 and was buried in the Beth Haim cemetery, oldest Jewish cemetery in the Netherlands. He appears to have been set free, either de jure or in practice, and to have been on near equal footing with the family that owned him back in Portugal – indicated by the fact that he attended the funeral of the wife of his master, Sara de Pina, and contributed to that occasion six stuivers, and that he was buried alongside his (former) owners and alongside Jacob Israel Belmonte, the community's richest businessman. Elieser must have been converted to Judaism and widely accepted as Jewish, otherwise he would not have been buried inside the Jewish cemetery; the name "Elieser" was likely bestowed on him at conversion, recalling Eliezer of Damascus. In recent years, Elieser's memory was taken up by members of the Surinamese community in the Netherlands, who erected a statue of him and hold an annual pilgrimage to his grave on what came to be known as Elieser Day.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
  • Elisenda de Sant Climent (1220–1275), enslaved during a slave raid on Mallorca and placed in the harem of the emir in Tunis.
  • Eliza Hopewell, a woman enslaved by Confederate spy Isabella Maria Boyd ("Belle Boyd"). In 1862, she aided her owner's espionage activities, carrying messages to the Confederate Army in a hollowed-out watch case.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Eliza Moore (1843–1948), one of the last proven African-American former slaves living in the United States.
  • Elizabeth Johnson Forby, mixed-race American woman enslaved by President Andrew Johnson, daughter of Dolly Johnson.<ref name= "andrew johnson white house">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Elizabeth Key Grinstead (1630–after 1665), the first woman of African ancestry in the North American colonies to sue for her freedom and win. Key and her infant son, John Grinstead, were freed on July 21, 1656, in the colony of Virginia, based on the fact that her father was an Englishman and that she was a baptized Christian.
  • Elizabeth Freeman (Template:Circa 1742–1829), known as Bett and later Mum Bett, was among the first enslaved black people in Massachusetts to file a freedom suit and win in court under the 1780 constitution, with a ruling that slavery was illegal.
  • Elizabeth Hobbs Keckley (1818–1907), best known as the personal modiste and confidante of Mary Todd Lincoln, the First Lady of the United States. Keckley wrote and published an autobiography, Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House (1868).
  • Ellen Craft (1826–1891), light-skinned wife of William Craft, who escaped with him from Georgia to Philadelphia, by posing as a white woman and her slave, in a case that became famous.
  • Ellen More, an enslaved woman brought to the royal Scottish court
  • Emilia Soares de Patrocinio (1805–1886) was a Brazilian slave, slave owner and businesswoman.
  • Emiline (age 23); Nancy (20); Lewis, brother of Nancy (16); Edward, brother of Emiline (13); Lewis and Edward, sons of Nancy (7); Ann, daughter of Nancy (5); and Amanda, daughter of Emiline (2), were freed in the 1852 Lemmon v. New York court case after they were brought to New York by their Virginia owners.
  • Emily Edmonson (1835–1895), along with her sister Mary, joined an unsuccessful 1848 escape attempt known as the Pearl incident, but Henry Ward Beecher and his church raised the funds to free them.
  • Enrique of Malacca, also known as Henry the Black, slave and interpreter of Ferdinand Magellan and possibly the first man to circumnavigate the globe in Magellan's voyage of 1519–1521.
  • Epictetus (55–Template:Circa 135), ancient Greek stoic philosopher.
  • Estevanico (1500–1539), also known as Esteban the Moor. In principle he was a slave of the Portuguese to, later, be a servant of the Spaniards. He was one of only four survivors of the ill-fated Narváez expedition, later a guide in search of the fabled Seven Cities of Gold and possibly the first African person to arrive in what is now Arizona and New Mexico.
  • Eston Hemings (1808–1856), son of Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson.
  • Eucharis, a Greek born freedwoman of Roman Licinia, described in her epitaph in the 1st century AD as fourteen when she died, a child actress and a professional dancer.<ref>Elaine Fantham, Helene Peet Foley, Natalie Boymel Kampen, Sarah B. Pomeroy, H. A. Shapiro, Women in the Classical World p. 270, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Eunus (died 132 BC), an enslaved Roman from Apamea in Syria, the leader of the slave uprising in the First Servile War in the Roman province of Sicily. Eunus rose to prominence in the movement through his reputation as a prophet and wonder-worker. He claimed to receive visions and communications from the goddess Atargatis, a prominent goddess in his homeland; he identified her with the Sicilian Demeter. Some of his prophecies were that the rebel slaves would successfully capture the city of Enna and that he would be a king some day.
  • Euphemia (died 520s), Empress of the Byzantine Empire by marriage to Justin I, originally a slave.
  • Euphraios, an Athenian slave and banker.<ref name="garlan70">Yvon Garlan, Slavery in Ancient Greece, p. 67, Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Exuperius and Zoe (died 127), 2nd-century Christian martyrs. They were a married couple who were enslaved by a pagan in Pamphylia. They were killed along with their sons, Cyriacus and Theodolus, for refusing to participate in pagan rites when their son was born.<ref>Catholic Online</ref>

FEdit

File:Frederick Douglass (circa 1879).jpg
Frederick Douglass, the foremost African-American abolitionist of the 19th century
File:Self-portrait by F.Slavyanskiy (1850s, Russian museum).JPG
Self-portrait by Fyodor Slavyansky (1850s, Russian museum)

GEdit

File:Gordon, scourged back, NPG, 1863.jpg
Medical examination photo of Gordon showing his scourged back, widely distributed by abolitionists to expose the brutality of slavery
File:Portrait of Rabia Gülnuş.jpg
Portrait of Gülnuş Sultan

HEdit

File:Tizian 123.jpg
Hurrem Sultan, an Eastern European slave girl bought by Ottoman sultan Süleyman the Magnificent, who married her.

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Transported as a slave to America, he was bought by Washington in 1763 to work on a project for draining the Great Dismal Swamp.<ref name=BlackPast>BlackPast.org.</ref>

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IEdit

File:Pargalı İbrahim Paşa.jpg
İbrahim Pasha
File:Argunov-self.jpg
Ivan Argunov. Self-portrait (late 1750s).
  • İbrahim Pasha (Template:Circa 1495 – 1536), Suleiman the Magnificent's first appointed Grand Vizier. Greek by birth, at the age of six he was sold as a slave to the Ottoman palace for future sultans where he befriended Suleiman, who was the same age.
  • Icelus Marcianus, a slave and later freedman of Roman emperor Galba in the 1st century CE. He was one of three men said to completely control the emperor, increasing Galba's unpopularity.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Ida B. Wells (1862–1931), prominent African-American activist, born into slavery, who in later life campaigned against and succeeded in abolishing lynching. In 1909 she co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
  • Imma, a Northumbrian aristocrat who was knocked unconscious in battle and later pretended to have been a peasant, so that his captors would not kill him. His manners and bearing soon betrayed him, and he was sold into slavery.<ref>Chris Wickham, The Inheritance of Rome, p. 195, Template:ISBN</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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JEdit

File:JPDV.jpg
Jean Parisot de Valette
File:Bakhita Szent Jozefina.jpeg
St. Josephine Margaret Bakhita, F.D.C.C.

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|CitationClass=web }}</ref> and a key milestone in the development of the institution of slavery in the United States.<ref>Paul Finkelman (1985). Slavery in the Courtroom: An Annotated Bibliography of American Cases (Library of Congress), p. 3.</ref>

  • John S. Jacobs (1815–1873), born into slavery in North Carolina, escaped, became an abolitionist speaker and author of a slave memoir. Brother of famed author Harriet Jacobs.
  • John Smith (1580–1631), English soldier, sailor, and author best known for his role in the survival of the Jamestown colony in Virginia. Smith was captured by the Crimean Tatars in 1602 while fighting in Wallachia and enslaved by the Ottoman Empire, but escaped and returned to England by 1604. As Smith described it: "we all sold for slaves, like beasts in a market-place."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Jordan Anderson (1825–1907), best known for a letter sent to his former oppressor/master in response to the latter's request that Jordan return to his service.
  • Jordan Winston Early (1814–after 1894) was an American Methodist multiracial preacher who was the subject of a book about his life as a slave.
  • John White, an enslaved black boy who was captured by Creeks in 1797 and escaped back to New Orleans, where he was returned to slavery by Spanish officials.<ref>Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 200, Template:ISBN.</ref>
  • John Ystumllyn, also known as Jac Du or Jack Black, an 18th-century Welsh gardener and the first well-recorded Black person of North Wales.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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File:Retrato de Juan Pareja, by Diego Velázquez.jpg
Portrait of Juan de Pareja by Diego Velázquez (c. 1650)

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  • Juan Gros, a free black soldier captured near Pensacola by an Upper Creek, who sold him to a white trader who sold him to Mitasuki chief Kinache, from whom Spaniards ransomed him.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, pp. 184–85.</ref>
  • Juan Latino, called "el negro Juan Latino", from Ethiopia, brought to Spain as a child, received an education and rose to be professor of Latin at the University of Granada, in 16th-century Spain.
  • Juan Ortiz, a young Andalusian nobleman enslaved by Chief Ucita in Florida to avenge injuries he suffered at the hands of the expedition Ortiz belonged to.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, pp. 35–36.</ref>
  • Juan Valiente (died 1553), black African slave on permission to be a conquistador. He died at the battle of Tucapel against Mapuche forces in Chile.<ref>Matthew Restall, "Black Conquistadors: Armed Africans in Early Spanish America," The Americas 57:2 (October 2000)</ref>
  • Juana Ramírez (1790–1856), rebel soldier and heroine of the Venezuelan War of Independence.
  • Julia Chinn, an octoroon enslaved woman and common-law wife of Richard Mentor Johnson, ninth Vice President of the United States.
  • Julia Frances Lewis, mother of Amanda American Dickson by the son of her owner.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, p. 201.</ref>
  • Juliana, a Guaraní woman from present-day Paraguay, famous for killing her Spanish enslaver between 1538 and 1542 and urging other indigenous women to do the same.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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KEdit

File:Kösem Sultana (cropped) (cropped).jpg
Kösem Sultan (1589–1651), slave concubine like all other inmates of the Imperial Harem

LEdit

File:Laurens de Graaf (oil, 1670s).jpg
Laurens de Graaf
  • Lalla Balqis (1670–after 1721), an Englishwoman captured and enslaved by Corsairs and included in the harem of the Sultan of Morocco.
  • Lamhatty, a Tawasa Indian captured and enslaved by Creek; he escaped.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, p. 67</ref>
  • Lampegia (died after 730), Aquitanian noblewoman, captured by Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Ghafiqi, who in 730 took the Llivia Fortress, executed her spouse Munuza and sent her as a slave to the harem of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik in Damascus.<ref>David Nicolle, Graham Turner: Poitiers AD 732: Charles Martel Turns the Islamic Tide. Osprey Publishing 2008, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • La Mulâtresse Solitude (1772–1802), a slave on the island of Guadeloupe freed in 1794 by the abolition of slavery during the French Revolution. She was executed after having fought for freedom when slavery was reintroduced by Napoleon in 1802.
  • Laurens de Graaf (Template:Circa 1653–1704), a Dutch pirate, mercenary, and naval officer, enslaved by Spanish slave traders when captured in what is now the Netherlands and transported to the Canary Islands to work on a plantation, prior to 1674.
  • Lear Green (Template:Circa 1839–1860), an African-American woman from Maryland who escaped to freedom in New York by mailing herself in a box.
  • Leo Africanus, (1494–1554), a Moor born in Granada who was taken by his family in 1498 to Morocco when expelled from Spain. As an adult he served on diplomatic missions. Captured by Crusaders while in the Middle East, he was enslaved in Rome and forced to convert to Christianity. He eventually regained his freedom and lived out his life in Tunis.
  • Leofgifu the dairy maid, an enslaved woman in Anglo-Saxon England, named in her manumission.<ref>Fell, Women in Anglo-Saxon England, p. 47</ref>
  • Leoflaed, an enslaved woman in Anglo-Saxon England, whose freedom was bought by a man who described her as a "kinswoman."<ref>Fell, Women in Anglo-Saxon England, p. 86</ref>
  • Leonor de Mendoza, an enslaved woman in colonial Mexico who tried to marry Tomás Ortega, a man enslaved by another master; when her master imprisoned Tomás she appealed to a church court for assistance, which threatened excommunication if he did not free Tomás.<ref name="seed82">Patricia Seed, To Love, Honor, and Obey in Colonial Mexico: Conflicts over Marriage Choice, 1574–1821, p. 82, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Letitia Munson (Template:Circa 1820–after 1882), midwife and formerly enslaved, she was acquitted of performing an illegal abortion in Canada.
  • Lewis Adams (1842–1905), a formerly-enslaved man who co-founded the Tuskegee Institute, now Tuskegee University, in Alabama.
  • Lewis Hayden (1811–1889), African-American man born in Kentucky, later elected to the Massachusetts General Court.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Lilliam Williams, a Tennessee settler who was captured by the Creek while pregnant. The Creek adopted her daughter (whom she named Molly and they named Esnahatchee,); they kept the girl when Williams' freedom was arranged.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, p. 149</ref>
  • Liol, a Chinese man enslaved by Mongol bannerman Soosar. He was rewarded with semi-independent status, as a separate register dependent. In 1735, his son Fuji tried to claim that he and his brother were in fact Manchus and detached household bannermen, but failed.<ref>Mark C. Elliott, The Manchu Way p. 330, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Lorenzo de Apapis (Template:Circa 1501–1586), Gozitan priest and notary who was enslaved during the 1551 Ottoman attack on Gozo. He was ransomed and freed by 1553.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Lott Cary (Template:Circa 1780–1828), born an African-American slave in Virginia, bought his freedom Template:Circa 1813, emigrated to Liberia in 1822, where he later served as colonial administrator.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Louis Hughes (1832–1913), African-American man who escaped slavery, author, and businessman<ref name="louis_hughes">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Lovisa von Burghausen (1698–1733), Swedish writer who published an account of being enslaved in Russia after being taken prisoner during the Great Northern War.
  • Lucius Agermus, freedman of Agrippina the Elder.<ref>Daniel Odgen, Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts In The Greek and Roman Worlds, p. 166, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Lucius Aurelius Hermia, a freedman butcher whose tombstone glorifies his marriage with his fellow freedwoman Aurelia Philematium.<ref>Fantham, et al., Women in the Classical World, pp. 319–20</ref>
  • Lucius Cancrius Primigenius, a freedman of Clemens in an inscription praising him for breaking spells against the city.<ref>Daniel Ogden "Binding Spells" p. 70 Witchcraft and Magic in Europe: Ancient Greece and Rome, edited by Bengt Ankarloo and Stuart Clark Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Lucius of Campione, who lost a lawsuit in the 8th century over a man Toto's claimed ownership of him.<ref>Chris Wickham, The Inheritance of Rome, pp. 203–4, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Lucy, the black woman enslaved by John Lang. She was taken captive by the Creek when 12 years old and kept in slavery in Creek territory, where she had slave children and grandchildren.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, p. 182</ref>
  • Lucy Ann (Berry) Delaney (1830–1891), formerly-enslaved woman, daughter of Polly Berry.
  • Lucy Higgs Nichols (1838–1915), escaped slavery, served as a nurse in the Civil War, member of the Grand Army of the Republic.
  • Lucy Terry (Template:Circa 1733–1821), Kidnapped in Africa and enslaved, she was taken to the British colony of Rhode Island. She later gained freedom and became a poet.
  • Luís Gama (1830–1882), born free in Brazil, illegally sold into slavery as a child, he regained liberty as an adult and became a lawyer who freed hundreds from slavery without asking for recompense, notably in the Netto Case.
  • Lunsford Lane (1803–after 1870), an enslaved African-American man and entrepreneur from North Carolina who bought freedom for himself and his family. He also wrote a slave narrative.
  • Lyde, an enslaved woman freed by Roman empress Livia.<ref>Sarah B. Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, p. 198, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Lydia, an enslaved woman who was shot and wounded by her captor when she struggled to escape a whipping. The action was ruled legal by the Supreme Court of North Carolina in 1830 (see North Carolina v. Mann).
  • Lydia Carter, the "Little Osage Captive," captured and enslaved among the Cherokee. She was ransomed by Lydia Carter, who made her her namesake. The Osage attempted to reclaim her, but she took ill and died.<ref>Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country, pp. 174–5</ref>
  • Lydia Polite, mother of Robert Smalls.

MEdit

File:Михаил Щепкин.jpg
Mikhail Shchepkin
  • Macuncuzade Mustafa Efendi (born Template:Circa 1550s), Ottoman qadi and poet who was enslaved in Malta after the ship he was on was captured by the Knights Hospitaller in 1597. He was ransomed and freed in 1600, and he wrote a narrative about his captivity.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
  • Madison Hemings (1805–1877), son of Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson.
  • Mae Louise Miller (1943–2014), American woman kept in modern-day slavery (peonage) until 1961.
  • Malgarida (born Template:Circa 1488), black African woman and companion of the conquistador Diego de Almagro. In 1536 she became the first non-indigenous woman to enter the territory of what is now Chile.<ref name=sorimelda>Alvarez Gómez, Oriel. Sor Imelda y la primera mujer foránea que vino a Chile</ref>
  • Malik Ambar, born in 1548 as Chapu, a birth-name in Harar, Adal Sultanate in modern-day Ethiopia. He was from the now extinct Maya ethnic group. As a child he was sold in slavery by his parents<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Mir Qasim Al Baghdadi, one of his slave owners, eventually converted Chapu to Islam and gave him the name Ambar, after recognizing his superior intellectual qualities.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Malik was brought to India as a slave. While in India he created a mercenary force numbering up to 1500 men. It was based in the Deccan region and was hired by local kings. Malik became a popular Prime Minister of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate, showing administrative acumen. He is also regarded as a pioneer in guerilla warfare in the region. He is credited with carrying out a revenue settlement of much of the Deccan, which formed the basis for subsequent settlements. He is a figure of veneration to the Siddis of Gujarat. He humbled the might of the Mughals and Adil Shah of Bijapur and raised the low status of the Nizam Shah.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="michell_275">Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, Template:ISBN, p. 11–12</ref>
  • La Malinche (Template:Circa 1496/1501–Template:Circa 1529), a Nahua woman given as a slave to Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés. She became his personal interpreter, advisor, and mistress during the Spanish conquest of Mexico.
  • Mammy Lou (1804–after 1918), a formerly-enslaved woman who lived to extreme old age and acted in the 1918 silent film The Glorious Adventure.
  • Manes, a man enslaved by Diogenes of Sinope. He ran away shortly after his owner arrived in Athens, and Diogenes failed to pursue him on the grounds that if Manes could live without him, it would be disgraceful if he could not equally live without Manes.
  • Manjeok, enslaved Korean person and leader of an abortive slave uprising.
  • Manjutakin (died 1007), a Turkish-born enslaved soldier (ghulam) and general of the Fatimids.
  • Mann, either of two men enslaved by Æthelgifu in Anglo-Saxon England and freed by the terms of her will. One was a goldsmith and the other's wife was freed at the same time.<ref name="fell97">Christine Fell, Women in Anglo-Saxon England: and the Impact of 1066, p. 97, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Marcos Xiorro, a man enslaved in Puerto Rico who, in 1821, planned a revolt against the sugar plantation owners and the Spanish colonial government. Though the conspiracy was unsuccessful, he became a part of island's folklore.<ref name="GB">"Slave revolts in Puerto Rico: conspiracies and uprisings, 1795–1873"; by: Guillermo A. Baralt; Markus Wiener Publishers; Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Marcia, mistress of Roman emperor Commodus.
  • Marcius Agrippa (late 2nd and early 3rd century), an enslaved man who was not only freed but eventually elevated to senatorial rank by Roman emperor Macrinus.
  • Marcus Tullius Tiro (Template:Circa 103–4 BCE), Roman author, slave, and secretary of the Roman politician Cicero, later freed. He invented a long-lasting system of shorthand and wrote books that are now lost.
  • Margaret Garner (1835–1858), an enslaved woman in antebellum America infamous for killing her own daughter rather than see the child returned to slavery.
  • Margaret Himfi (before 1380–after 1408), a Hungarian noblewoman who was abducted and enslaved by Ottoman marauders in the late 14th century. She later became an enslaved mistress of a wealthy Venetian citizen of Crete, with whom she had two daughters. Margaret returned to Hungary in 1405.
  • Margaret Morgan, involved in the Prigg v. Pennsylvania United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that the federal Fugitive Slave Act precluded a Pennsylvania state law that prohibited blacks from being taken out of Pennsylvania into slavery, and overturned the conviction of Edward Prigg as a result.
  • Marguerite Duplessis (Template:Circa 1718–after 1740), a Pawnee woman enslaved in Montreal who, in 1740, unsuccessfully sued for her freedom.
  • Marguerite Scypion (Template:Circa 1770s–after 1836), an African-Natchez woman born into slavery in St. Louis who sued for and eventually won her freedom.
  • Maria al-Qibtiyya (died 637), also known as "Maria the Copt" or, alternatively, Maria Qupthiya, an enslaved Copt who was sent as a gift from Muqawqis, a Byzantine official, to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in 628, and became Muhammad's concubine.<ref>Taef El-Azhari, E. (2019). Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, 661-1257. Storbritannien: Edinburgh University Press.</ref> She was the mother of Muhammad's son Ibrahim, who died in infancy. Her sister, Sirin, was also sent to Muhammad. Muhammad gave her to his follower Hassan ibn Thabit. Maria died five years after Muhammad's death in 632.
  • Maria (died 1716), the leader of a slave rebellion on Curaçao.
  • Maria Boguslavka (17th century), Ukrainian woman enslaved in a harem, and became a heroine of assisting the escape of 30 Cossacks from slavery.
  • Maria Guyomar de Pinha (1664–1728), Siamese royal chef of Japanese-Portuguese ancestry.
  • Maria Perkins, an enslaved woman from Virginia who wrote a letter to her husband in 1852 about their son being sold away.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Maria ter Meetelen (1704–after 1751), Dutch writer of a slave narrative, enslaved by pirates and sold to the Sultan of Morocco. Her 1748 biography is considered to be a valuable witness statement of the life of a former slave.
  • Mariah Bell Winder McGavock Otey Reddick (died 1922), as a girl she was given as a wedding gift to Carrie Winder when she married John McGavock in 1848 in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana. Mariah, born enslaved in Mississippi, was taken to Franklin, Tennessee, where she lived for most of the remainder of her life. She was matched with Harvey Otey after his first wife Phebe died. They had several children, including two sets of twins, born into slavery. During the Civil War, she was sent to Montgomery to be far from Union lines and possible freedom. She has been featured in three novels: Widow of the South and Orphan Mother both by Robert Hicks and in a book by her great-grandson William 'Damani' Keene and his wife Carole 'Ife' Keene entitled Clandestine: The Times and Secret Life of Mariah Otey Reddick.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Mark's body was displayed in chains publicly near Charlestown, Massachusetts for twenty years. The gruesome display of his body was so well known at the time, the site where Mark's body was displayed is mentioned by Paul Revere as a landmark, in his 1798 account of Revere's 1775 midnight ride.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Miguel Perez was the Spanish name of a boy of the Yojuane people who was among 149 Yojuane women and children taken captive in 1759 during an attack on their camp by an expedition of Spaniards and Apaches along the Red River in what is now northern Texas.<ref name="John, Storms Brewed, p. 699">John, Storms Brewed, p. 699</ref> Many of the captives died of smallpox while those who survived were enslaved.<ref>Barr, Peace Came in the Form, p. 189</ref> The boy was sold to a Spanish soldier who bestowed the Spanish name on him. Perez became an Hispanicized Indian of San Antonio but he continued to maintain contact with the Yojuanes. In 1786, Perez was recruited to convince the Yojuanes and their Tonkawa allies to go to war with the Lipan Apache, which he did successfully.<ref name="John, Storms Brewed, p. 699"/>
  • Mikhail Matinsky (1750–1820), Russian serf scientist, dramatist, librettist and opera composer.
  • Michał Rymiński (died after 1797), Polish serf and Royal Ballet Dancer, donated to the king of Poland by will and testament.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
  • Mikhail Shchepkin (1788–1863), Russian serf actor.
  • Mikhail Shibanov, Russian serf painter active during the 1780s.
  • Mikhail Tikhanov (1789–1862), Russian serf artist.
  • Mina Kolokolnikov (1708?–1775?), Russian serf painter and teacher.
  • Mingo, the 15–16 years old boy enslaved by the Titsworth family in Tennessee, who was captured in 1794 by Creeks in a raid on the house and kept as a slave by them.<ref name="snyder1334">Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, pp. 133–4, Template:ISBN</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Mustapha Khaznadar (1817–1878), born Georgios Kalkias Stravelakis, a Christian Greek on the island of Chios, captured by Ottoman troops during the 1822 Massacre of Chios, converted to Islam and given the name Mustapha, sold in Constantinople to an envoy of the Husainid Dynasty. He was raised by the family of Mustapha Bey, then by his son Ahmad I Bey<ref name="Association 56">Template:Cite book</ref> while he was still crown prince. Initially, he worked as the prince's private treasurer before becoming Ahmad's state treasurer (khaznadar).<ref name="Association 56"/> He managed to climb to the highest offices of the Tunisian state, married Princess Lalla Kalthoum in 1839 and was promoted to lieutenant-general of the army, made bey in 1840 and then president of the Grand Council from 1862 to 1878.
  • Muyahid ibn Yusuf ibn Ali (11th century), leader of the Saqaliba (slaves of supposed Slavic origin) in Dénia, Spain (then part of Muslim Al Andalus). Taking advantage of the crumbling of the Caliphate of Córdoba, he and his followers rebelled, freed themselves, seized control of the city and established the Taifa of Dénia, a city-state which at its peak extended its reach as far as the island of Majorca.

NEdit

  • Nafisa al-Bayda, Egyptian investor and diplomat, referred to as a "white slave", originally bought as a slave concubine.
  • Nancy, otherwise called Ann, the plaintiff in the 1799 New Brunswick habeas corpus suit R v Jones
  • nancy brown Nancy Caffrey, a white captive enslaved by a Creek. When trader John O'Reilly attempted to ransom her and Elsey Thompson, he was told they were not taken captive to be allowed to go back, but to work.<ref name="Christina Snyder p 130">Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 130, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Nanny of the Maroons, also known as Granny Nanny and Queen Nanny, Jamaican Maroons leader.
  • Nat Turner (1800–1831), escaped and led revolt in Southampton County, Virginia.<ref name="library.uncg.edu"/>
  • Nathan McMillian, who as a freedman sued for the admission of his children to a local "Croatan Indian" school on the grounds that it was for all non-white children, and that his children had Croatan blood on their mother's side.<ref>Ariela J. Gross, What Blood Won't Tell: A History of Race on Trial in America, p. 120, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Nathaniel Booth (1826–1901), escaped slavery in Virginia and settled in Lowell, Massachusetts. In 1851, the citizens of Lowell purchased his freedom from slave hunters.
  • Neaera, a formerly-enslaved woman and prostitute whom the Athenian Stephanus married against the law c. 340 BC, according to a speech of Demosthenes.<ref>Elaine Fantham, Helene Peet Foley, Natalie Boymel Kampen, Sarah B. Pomeroy, H. A. Shapiro, Women in the Classical World pp. 114–5, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Nero Hawley (1742–1817), a formerly-enslaved freeperson who served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War and was buried in Trumbull, Connecticut.
  • Newport Gardner (1746–1826), a formerly-enslaved freeperson in colonial Newport, Rhode Island.
  • Ng Akew (died 1880), a Tanka enslaved woman in British Hong Kong famed for a piracy scandal.
  • Nicarete, a woman in ancient Greece, described in Against Neaera the freedwoman of Charisius the Elean and the wife of his cook Hippias, and as owning and prostituting several women c. 340 BC.
  • Saint Nino (c. 280–c. 332), a 4th-century Roman woman from Constantinople who is greatly venerated for having brought Christianity to Georgia. By some of the accounts of her life, she originally came to Georgia as a slave kidnapped from her homeland.
  • Nurbanu Sultan (Template:Circa 1525–1583), née Cecilia Venier-Baffo, an enslaved Venetian noblewoman who became the most favored wife of Ottoman sultan Selim II and the highly influential mother of sultan Murad III.

OEdit

File:Uncle Marian - crop & levels.jpg
Omar ibn Said, a Senegalese Islamic scholar enslaved in North Carolina for more than 50 years, c. 1850

PEdit

  • Pallas, secretary to Roman emperor Claudius.
  • Pasion, an enslaved Athenian man and banker.<ref name="garlan70"/> Late in life, he received the rare honor for a freedman of citizenship.<ref name="garlan83">Yvon Garlan, Slavery in Ancient Greece, p. 83, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Pata Seca (real name Roque José Florêncio), born in Angola in 1828, captured and brought to Brazil as a slave, was a very tall, muscular and strong man: 2m18 tall and over 140 kgs weight. He was forced to work as a breeding slave, fathering over 200 children. When slavery was abolished in Brazil in 1888, he received a plot of land, where he lived out his life with his wife and 9 children.
  • Saint Patrick, abducted from Britain, enslaved in Ireland, escaped to Britain, returned to Ireland as a missionary.<ref>{{#if:||{{#if:|File:Wikisource-logo.svg|File:PD-icon.svg}} }}{{#if:|One or more of the preceding sentences|This article}} incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: {{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:|list|wrap}}|_template=cite Catholic Encyclopedia
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  • Patsey (born Template:Circa 1830), an enslaved African-American person who lived in the mid-1800s in South Carolina.
  • Paul Jennings (1799–1874), personal servant enslaved by President James Madison during and after his White House years, bought his freedom in 1845 from Daniel Webster. Noted for publishing the first White House memoir, 1865's A Colored Man's Reminiscences of James Madison.<ref name="Swarns">Template:Citation</ref>
  • Paul Smith, a free black who accused the Cherokee headman Doublehead of kidnapping him and forcing him into bondage.<ref>Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 189, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Pedro Camejo (1790–1821), Venezuelan soldier in the Venezuelan War of Independence.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
  • Peggy Margaret Titsworth, enslaved at 13 years for three years, after a Creek raid in 1794 on her Tennessee home.<ref name="snyder1334"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Pete and Hannah Byrne, freed slaves of the Napoleon Bonaparte Byrne family which traveled from Missouri to California overland (a six-month journey) in 1859, leaving the farm in Missouri and bringing six adults (including Pete & Hannah), the four Byrne children and a herd of cattle and settling in Berkeley, California. Pete and Hannah are considered the first blacks living in Berkeley and among the first African-Americans in California.<ref>Pettitt, George A. Berkeley: The Town and Gown of It. P. 34, 37.</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Peter Salem (c. 1750–1816), African American born into slavery in Massachusetts, served as a soldier in the American Revolutionary War
  • Petronia Justa, a woman in Herculaneum who sued her owner claiming to have been born after her mother's emancipation; the records of the lawsuit were preserved by the eruption of Vesuvius.<ref>Sarah B. Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, p. 197, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Phaedo of Elis, captured in war, enslaved in Athens and forced into prostitution,<ref>Diogenes Laërtius, ii. 105</ref> became a pupil of Socrates who had him freed, gave his name to one of Plato's dialogues, Phaedo and became a famous philosopher in his own right.
  • Phaedrus (c. 15 BCE–c. 50 CE), Roman fabulist.
File:ZhemchugovaSamnites2.jpg
Praskovia Kovalyova-Zhemchugova in a scenic costume for Les mariages samnites by André Ernest Modeste Grétry
  • Phillis (died 1755), a Massachusetts woman enslaved by Captain John Codman. Convicted in the successful plot to poison her owner as she and her fellow enslaved "found the rigid discipline of their master unendurable",<ref name="celebrateboston.com"/> Phillis was burned to death in 1755.
  • Phillis Wheatley (1753–1784?), Colonial American poet, the second published African-American poet and first published African-American woman.
  • Phoebe, an enslaved woman who sued for her freedom in Tennessee, along with her sons Davy and Tom, claiming to be the descendants of an enslaved Indian woman whose sister and other relatives had proven that they were wrongly enslaved.<ref>Ariela J. Gross, What Blood Won't Tell: A History of Race on Trial in America, pp. 25–6, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Philocrates, enslaved by 2nd-century BCE Roman reformer Gaius Gracchus. He remained at his master's side when Gracchus was fleeing from his enemies, forsaken by everybody else. Arriving at a grove sacred to the Furies, Philocrates first assisted Gracchus in his suicide before taking his own life, though some rumors held that Philocrates was only killed after he refused to let go of his master's body.
  • Phormion, an enslaved Athenian man and banker.<ref name="garlan70"/> Late in life, he received the rare honor for a freedman of citizenship.<ref name="garlan83"/>
  • Pierre d'Espagnac, sometimes Pierre d'Espagnal (1650–1689) was a French Jesuit missionary, enslaved by the Siamese.
  • Pope Pius I (died Template:Circa 154), the Bishop of Rome from about 140 to about 154, during the reign of Roman emperor Antoninus Pius. He was the brother of the freedman Hermas and therefore likely to have been a former slave himself, though that is not mentioned explicitly in the scant records of his life.
  • Pleasant Richardson, escaped slavery and became a Union soldier and property owner in Fincastle, Virginia.
  • Polly, the subject of the 1820 Indiana Supreme Court case Polly v. Lasselle, which resulted in all slaves held within Indiana to be freed.
  • Polly Berry, also known as Polly Crockett and Polly Wash, won an 1843 freedom suit in St. Louis, Missouri and also gained the freedom of her daughter Lucy Ann Berry.
  • Politoria, the subject of a lead curse tablet in ancient Rome; it was a curse on Clodia Valeria Sophrone, that she should not get Politoria into her power. She appears to have been a slave-courtesan who feared being sent to the brothel.<ref>Daniel Ogden "Binding Spells" pp 67–8 Witchcraft and Magic in Europe: Ancient Greece and Rome, edited by Bengt Ankarloo and Stuart Clark Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Praskovia Kovalyova-Zhemchugova (1768–1803) was a Russian serf actress and soprano opera singer.
  • Primus (1700–1791), enslaved by Daniel Fowle of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Primus operated the press for the New Hampshire Gazette which is the American newspaper in longest continuous print.
  • Prince was the slave of a Choctaw man named Richard Harkins. Angered that his owner failed to give his slaves a Christmas celebration, Prince brutally murdered him and then unceremoniously dumped the body into the river in 1858.<ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

QEdit

REdit

File:Roustam - Vernet.jpg
Portrait of Roustam Raza, the mamluck of Napoleon by Horace Vernet (1810)

SEdit

File:Solomon Northup 001.jpg
Solomon Northup from Twelve Years a Slave
  • Sabuktigin (Template:Circa 942–997), full name Abu Mansur Sabuktigin, captured and sold into slavery at a young age, rose to become a general and eventually a king and the founder of the Ghaznavid Empire in medieval Iran.
  • Safiye Sultan (c. 1550 – c. 1619), an enslaved Albanian woman who was placed in the harem of the Ottoman sultan Murad III and became the mother of sultan Mehmed III.
  • Salem Poor (1747–1802), an enslaved African-American man who purchased his freedom, and a war hero during the American Revolutionary War.
  • Sally Hemings (1773–1835), a mixed-race woman enslaved by Thomas Jefferson believed by many to have had six children with him, four of whom survived to adulthood.
  • Sally Miller or Salomé Müller (born Template:Circa 1814), an enslaved American woman whose freedom suit in Louisiana was based on her claimed status as a free German immigrant and indentured servant.<ref>Ariela J. Gross, What Blood Won't Tell: A History of Race on Trial in America, p. 59, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Sally Seymour (died 1824), American pastry chef and restaurateur, an enslaved woman who was manumitted and became a slave owner herself.
  • Salonia the second wife of Cato the Elder
  • Salvius, also known as Tryphon, leader of the 104 BCE slave rebellion in Sicily known as the Second Servile War.
  • Sambo (died 1736), an enslaved boy who arrived at Sunderland Point, near Lancaster, England, around 1736 from the West Indies in the capacity of a servant a ship's captain. He is buried in an unconsecrated grave in a field near the small village of Sunderland Point, Lancashire, England.
  • Sambo, a black captive of Tiger King, a Lower Creek, who told the traveler William Bartram that Sambo was his family property.<ref>Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 129, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Samson Rowlie (died after 1588), also known as Hassan Aga, Chief Eunuch and Treasurer of Algiers.
  • Samuel Benedict (1792–1854), born an African-American slave, later became free and emigrated to Liberia, where he became a politician and judge.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
  • Samuel Green (Template:Circa 1802–1877), an enslaved man who bought his freedom and freedom for his loved ones, was involved with the Underground Railroad, and was jailed in 1857 for carrying a copy of Uncle Tom's Cabin.
  • Samuel Ringgold Ward (1817–Template:Circa 1866), African-American abolitionist and journalist.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Sandy Jenkins, an enslaved person mentioned by Frederick Douglass in his first autobiography.
  • Sanker, the enslaved manservant of Samuel R. Watkins, author of "Co. Aytch" (1882), which recounts Watkins’ life as a soldier in the 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
  • Sarah Forbes Bonetta (1843–1880), an Egbado princess of the Yoruba who was orphaned in intertribal warfare, sold into slavery as a child, was rescued by Captain Frederick E. Forbes of the Royal Navy and taken to the United Kingdom where she became a goddaughter to Queen Victoria.
  • Sarah Basset (died 1730), enslaved in Bermuda; executed for the poisoning of three individuals.
  • Sarah Johnson (1844–1920) whose life at the first president's plantation was published in the book Sarah Johnson's Mount Vernon.
  • Satrelanus, from Gaul, sold by Ermedruda to Toto in Milan in 725.<ref>Chris Wickham, The Inheritance of Rome, p. 204, Template:ISBN</ref>
File:Sergeant A.M. Chandler of the 44th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Co. F., and Silas Chandler, family slave, with Bowie knives, revolvers, pepper-box, shotgun, and canteen.jpg
Silas Chandler (right) and his owner, Sergeant A.M. Chandler of the 44th Mississippi Infantry Regiment

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

File:Tod des Spartacus by Hermann Vogel.jpg
The Death of Spartacus by Hermann Vogel (1882)
  • Spendius a Campanian who escaped slavery and served as a Carthaginian mercenary during the First Punic War and then as a general in the Mercenary War against Carthage.<ref>Richard Miles, Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization, p. 203, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Stefan Holnicki (died after 1797), Polish serf and Royal Ballet Dancer, donated to the king of Poland by will and testament.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
  • Stephen Bishop (c. 1821–1857), an enslaved mixed-race man in Kentucky known for being one of the first explorers and guides of Mammoth Cave.
  • Sue, a black woman enslaved by James Brown, who was captured along with several members of the Brown family and other slaves by Chickamaugas. When the warrior who had captured her threatened another captive, the other captor threatened to kill Sue in retribution.<ref>Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 153, Template:ISBN</ref> James' son Joseph later kidnapped Sue and her children and grandchildren—eight in all—in retribution for his captivity.<ref>Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 154, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Suhayb ar-Rumi (born Template:Circa 587), also known as Suhayb ibn Sinan, enslaved in childhood in the Byzantine Empire, escaped as a young man to Mecca and went on to become an esteemed companion of Muhammad and revered member of the early Muslim community.
  • Sumayyah bint Khayyat (550–615), a woman enslaved in Mecca and one of the first seven converts to Islam made by the Prophet Muhammad in his early career. She was tortured and killed by enemies of the new faith, becoming the first Muslim Shahid.
  • Squanto (1585–1622), also known as Tisquantum, a Native American of what is now coastal Massachusetts who was captured by English pirates and sold as a slave. He was later freed and returned to New England, where he met the Pilgrims of the Mayflower in 1621.
  • Subh of Cordoba (940–999), an enslaved concubine of a Caliph and mother and regent of the next Caliph of Cordoba in the 10th century.
  • Suk-bin Choe (1670–1718), consort of Sukjong of Joseon and mother of Yeongjo of Joseon.
  • Surya Devi (died 715), Indian princess, enslaved by Caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik.

TEdit

File:Taras Shevchenko selfportrait oil 1840-2.jpg
Taras Shevchenko
File:T.V.Shlykova-Granatova by N.Argunov (1789, Kuskovo).jpg
Tatyana Shlykova
File:Portrait of Terence from Vaticana, Vat. lat.jpg
Alleged portrait of Terence, from Codex Vaticanus Latinus 3868. Possibly copied from 3rd-century original.
  • Taras Shevchenko (1814–1861): The most prominent Ukrainian poet, artist and illustrator was born in a family of serfs. His artist friends bought his freedom in 1838.
  • Tatyana Shlykova (1773–1863), Russian serf ballerina and opera singer.
  • Thanadelthur (Template:Circa 1697–1717), a woman of the Chipewyan Dënesųłı̨ne nation who served as a guide and interpreter for the Hudson's Bay Company.
  • Thomas Fuller, African American man enslaved in Virginia, renowned for his mathematical abilities.<ref>Template:MacTutor</ref>
  • Thomas Pellow (1704–1745), enslaved by Barbary pirates, taken to Morocco the selected and tortured by Ismail Ibn Sharif. Escaped after 23 years and returned home to Cornwall.
  • Thomas Peters (1738–1792), born Thomas Potters, one of the founding fathers of Sierra Leone. Formerly enslaved, he fled North Carolina during the American Revolutionary War. Peters was a Black Loyalist member of the British Black Company of Pioneers, became a sergeant, and settled and married in Nova Scotia. He recruited African settlers in Nova Scotia for the colonization of Sierra Leone and later became a leader in Freetown.
  • Thomas Sims (born 1834), an enslaved African American man who escaped slavery in Georgia to Boston, Massachusetts, only to be recaptured under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and to escape to Boston once more.
  • Thomas-Alexandre Dumas (1762–1806), a French general and father of Alexandre Dumas.
  • Thumal, administrator of justice to the eighteenth Abbasid Caliph al-Muqtadir.
  • T. Aelius Dionysius, a freedman of the late Roman Empire, who created a stela for himself, his wife, and Aelius Perseus, his fellow freedman, and their freedman and those who came after them.<ref>Elaine Fantham, Helene Peet Foley, Natalie Boymel Kampen, Sarah B. Pomeroy, H. A. Shapiro, Women in the Classical World pp. 369–70, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • T. Claudius Dionysius, a freedman whose freedwoman wife Claudia Prepontis erected a funerary altar to him. Their clasped hands, depicted on it, show the legitimacy of their marriage, possible only once they obtained their freedom.<ref name="Elaine Fantham pp 320–1">Elaine Fantham, Helene Peet Foley, Natalie Boymel Kampen, Sarah B. Pomeroy, H. A. Shapiro, Women in the Classical World pp. 320–1, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Terence (Template:Circa 195/185–Template:Circa 159 BCE), full name Publius Terentius Afer, Roman playwright and comic poet who wrote before and possibly after his freedom.
  • Tiberius Claudius Narcissus, freedman who was secretary to Roman emperor Claudius in the 1st century.
  • Tituba, a 17th-century Native American woman who was enslaved by Samuel Parris of Danvers, Massachusetts. She was the first person accused of practicing witchcraft during the 1692 Salem witch trials.<ref>Breslaw, E.G. (1996). Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem Devilish Indians and Puritan Fantasies. New York New York University Press. Template:ISBN.</ref>
  • Tomás Ortega, an enslaved man in colonial Mexico who attempted to marry Leonor de Mendoza, a woman enslaved by another master. When that man imprisoned Tomás, Leonor appealed to a church court for assistance, and it threatened excommunication if he did not free Tomás.<ref name="seed82"/>
  • Titus Kent (1733–18??), enslaved by the Samuel Kent family in Suffield Connecticut. He was owned by Samuel Kent, who lived 1698–1772; Samuel Kent's 1772 probate recorded that Titus was bequeathed Samuel Kent's son, Elihu Kent. Revolutionary War records indicate that Titus served in different regiments from 1775 to 1783.
  • Toussaint L'Ouverture (1743–1803), a freedman who led the slave revolt that led to the independence of Haiti.
  • Tula (died 1795), a leader of the Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795.
  • Turgut Reis (1485–1565), also known as Dragut, a well-known admiral of the Ottoman Navy of the 16th century who was captured by the Genoese at Corsica and forced to work as a galley slave for nearly four years. He was finally rescued by his fellow admiral Barbarossa, who laid siege to Genoa and secured Turgut Reis' release for the prodigious ransom of 3,500 gold ducats. Thereupon, Turgut Reis resumed his naval career (which included the enslavement of various other people).
  • Turhan Hatice Sultan (Template:Circa 1627–1683) was Haseki Sultan of the Ottoman sultan Ibrahim (reign 1640–1648) and Valide sultan as the mother of Mehmed IV (reign 1648–1687).

UEdit

  • Ukawsaw Gronniosaw (1705–1775), also known as James Albert, a freedman turned writer whose autobiography is considered the first published by an African in Britain.
  • Ursula Granger (1738–1800), a woman enslaved by Thomas Jefferson who worked as a cook, dairymaid, laundress, and wet nurse, and has been referred to as the "Queen of Monticello"<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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VEdit

File:Tropinin-self.jpg
Vasily Tropinin
File:Vincent de Paul.PNG
Vincent de Paul
  • Vasily Tropinin (1776–1857), Russian serf painter.
  • Venture Smith (1729–1805), an African captured as a child and transported to the American colonies as a slave. When an adult, he purchased his freedom and that of his familyTemplate:Snd his wife Meg and their children Hannah, Solomon and Cuff. His history was documented and published by a schoolteacher, to whom he talked in his old age.
  • Venus Vance (died Template:Circa 1850), an enslaved American woman who lived and worked on the plantation of Mira Margaret Baird Vance.
  • The Vestmenn ("West Men" in Old Norse, referring to the Irish) were a group of Irish slaves brought to Iceland by Hjörleifr Hróðmarsson, one of the early Norse settlers there. He treated them badly, and they killed him and escaped to a group of offshore islands. Ingólfur Arnarson, Hjörleifur's blood brother, tracked the escaped slaves and killed them all. Though their individual names are unknown, their memory lives on in Icelandic geography, the islands where they sought refuge being known up to the present as "Vestmannaeyjar": "Islands of the West Men" (i.e. of the Irish).
  • Vincent de Paul (1581–1660), a French priest who is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church. He was taken captive by Turkish pirates, sold into slavery, and freed in 1607.<ref>{{#if:||{{#if:|File:Wikisource-logo.svg|File:PD-icon.svg}} }}{{#if:|One or more of the preceding sentences|This article}} incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: {{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:|list|wrap}}|_template=cite Catholic Encyclopedia
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  • Vindicius, an ancient Roman slave who discovered Tarquin's plot to regain power.
  • Vibia Calybeni, a freedwoman of the late Roman Empire who unusually named herself as a madam on her tombstone.<ref>Elaine Fantham, Helene Peet Foley, Natalie Boymel Kampen, Sarah B. Pomeroy, H. A. Shapiro, Women in the Classical World p. 380, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Virginia Boyd, an enslaved American woman whose letter to R.C. Ballard, pleading not to be sold with her children among strangers, has been preserved. Ballard had undertaken to have her sold at the request of Judge Samuel Boyd, the children's father, to hide her existence from his family.
  • Violet Ludlow, an American woman sold into slavery several times despite her claims to be a free white woman.<ref name="tenzer">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Virginia Demetricia (1842–after 1867), an enslaved Aruban known as a heroin of resistance against enslavement.
  • Vitalis, ancient enslaved Roman. An epigraph describes an enslaved boy, Iucundus, as the son of Gryphus and Vitalis.<ref name="ogden119">Daniel Odgen, Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts In The Greek and Roman Worlds, p. 119, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Volumnia Cytheris, an enslaved and later freedwoman in ancient Rome. An actress and courtesan, her lovers included Brutus, Mark Antony, and Cornelius Gallus; her rejection of Gallus provided the theme for Virgil's tenth Eclogue.<ref>Sarah B. Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, pp. 198–9, Template:ISBN</ref>

WEdit

File:Wes Brady, ex-slave, Marshall edited.jpg
Photograph of Wes Brady, ex-slave, taken in Marshall, Texas, in 1937 as part of the Federal Writers' Project Slave Narrative Collection

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  • Wilson Chinn African American featuring in an 1863 photograph as "branded slave"
  • Wulfstan, a man enslaved in Anglo-Saxon England, and his two sons and stepdaughter. They were freed by his mistress Æthelgifu's will.<ref name="fell97"/>
  • Wu Rui (15th century), enslaved eunuch in what is now Vietnam. He was the youngest of thirteen Chinese men from Wenchang whose ship was blown off course and who were subsequently enslaved by the Lê dynasty. As recorded in the Ming Shi-lu, his companions were made agricultural laborers while Wu Rui was castrated and became an attendant at the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long. After years of service, he was promoted at the death of the Vietnamese ruler in 1497 to a military position in northern Vietnam. A soldier told him of an escape route back to China and Wu Rui escaped to Longzhou. The local chief planned to sell him back to the Vietnamese, but Wu was rescued by the Pingxiang magistrate and then was sent to Beijing to work as a eunuch in the palace.
  • Wyatt Lee (Template:Circa 1822–1863), the first husband of Dr. Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler. He escaped slavery in Virginia.

XEdit

  • Xenon, an enslaved Athenian man and banker.<ref name="garlan70"/>
  • Xing was the primary primary spouse of Gaozong, the brother of Qinzong, Chinese Emperor of the Song Dynasty. In 1127, the capital of Kaifeng was captured by the Jurchen during the Jin–Song Wars, and Xing was among more than 3000 people captured and exiled to Manchuria in what was called the Jingkang Incident. Xing was among The Imperial consorts, concubines, palace women and eunuchs who were captured, and distributed among the Jurchen as slaves.<ref>Patricia Buckley Ebrey: Emperor Huizong</ref> Xing's husband Gaozong, who avoided capture, became the new Emperor and declared Xing Empress in absentia, but was unable to get her free. She remained in captivity where she was coveted by her captors, attempted suicide to escape abuse but failed, and she died in captivity in 1139.<ref>Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644</ref>

YEdit

  • Yaqut al-Hamawi (1179–1229), an Arab biographer and geographer known for his encyclopedic writings on the Muslim world. He was sold into slavery in 12th-century Syria and taken to Baghdad, but was provided with a good education and later freed.
  • Yasār (7th century), a Christian man who had been captured in a campaign of Khalid ibn al-Walid, a companion of Muhammad. Yasār was taken to Medina and became the slave of Qays ibn Makhrama ibn al-Muṭṭalib ibn ʿAbd Manāf ibn Quṣayy. He accepted Islam, was manumitted and became his mawlā, thus acquiring the nisbat al-Muṭṭalibī. He had three sonsTemplate:Snd Mūsā, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and Isḥāq. His grandson, Ibn Ishaq, became an important early Arab historian.
  • Yasuke, a 16th-century African man who traveled to Japan in the service of Jesuit missionary Alessandro Valignano. Given to Oda Nobunaga, Yasuke became a confident of the daimyō and given official status as a trusted retainer.
  • York (1770–before 1832), an African-American man enslaved by William Clark, who was part of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

ZEdit

File:Zofia Clavone.jpg
Zofia Potocka
  • Zalmoxis, a Dacian who was enslaved by Pythagoras on the island of Samos, according to Herodotus. Zalmoxis learned philosophy from his owner and other wise Greeks. Eventually he was liberated, gathered huge wealth and went back to his homeland, where he converted the Thracians to his beliefs, was greatly venerated for his wisdom and in later generations became worshiped as a god.<ref>Daniel Odgen, Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts In The Greek and Roman Worlds, p. 11, Template:ISBN</ref>
  • Zayd ibn Haritha (c. 581–629), given to Muhammad's wife Khadijah, freed, adopted, and became known as Zayd ibn Muhammad.
  • Ziryab (789–857), also known as Abul-Hasan Alí Ibn Nafí, a Muslim singer, musician, and polymath known for introducing the crop asparagus to Europe.
  • Zoe, a Christian martyr.
  • Zofia Potocka (1760–1822), a Greek-Ottoman enslaved courtesan who ended up as a Polish countess by marriage.
  • Zumbi (1655–1695), enslaved in Portuguese Brazil, he escaped and joined the Quilombo dos Palmares, the largest ever settlement of escaped slaves in colonial Brazil, becoming its last and most famous leader.
  • Zunairah al-Rumiya (7th century), other transliterations include Zaneera, Zannirah, Zanira or in some sources Zinra or Zinnirah ("Zaneerah the Roman") was a companion of the Prophet Muhammad.

See alsoEdit

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ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

Template:Slave narrative

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