Incubator escapee wiki

Near-open front unrounded vowel

Article Discussion

Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA Template:IPA vowels

File:IPA æ Sagittal Section.svg
Sagittal section of a vocal tract pronouncing the IPA sound Template:Angbr IPA. Note that a wavy glottis in this diagram indicates a voiced sound.

The near-open front unrounded vowel, or near-low front unrounded vowel,<ref>Template:Vowel terminology</ref> is a type of vowel sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA, a lowercase of the Template:Angbr ligature. Both the symbol and the sound are commonly referred to as "ash".

The rounded counterpart of {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, the near-open front rounded vowel (for which the IPA provides no separate symbol) has been reported to occur allophonically in Danish;<ref name="gr100">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> see open front rounded vowel for more information.

In practice, Template:Angbr IPA is sometimes used to represent the open front unrounded vowel; see the introduction to that page for more information.

In IPA transcriptions of Hungarian and Valencian, this vowel is typically written with Template:Angbr IPA.

FeaturesEdit

Template:Near-open vowel Template:Front vowel Template:Unrounded vowel

OccurrenceEdit

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Afrikaans Standard<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> 'perd' main}} 'horse' main}}, in some dialects, before {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. See Afrikaans phonology
Äiwoo ikuwä [ikuwæ] 'I go' Distinguished from both [a] and [ɑ~ɒ].
Arabic Standard<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / 'kitāb' main}} 'book' main}} in the environment of plain labial and coronal consonants as well as {{#invoke:IPA|main}} (depending on the speaker's accent). See Arabic phonology
Azerbaijani lang}} main}} 'Azerbaijan'
Bambam<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> 'bätä' main}} 'stem'
Bashkir<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'summer'
Bengali<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref> ||{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/ek || {{#invoke:IPA|main}} || 'one' || See Bengali phonology

Bulgarian Moesian dialects {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/mlečen {{#invoke:IPA|main}} 'made from milk' Descendant of Proto-Slavic *ě in places where Standard Bulgarian would have /Template:IPAlink/. See Yat.
Rup dialects Descendant of Proto-Slavic *ě in all positions. See Yat.
Teteven dialect {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/măž {{#invoke:IPA|main}} 'man' In place of Standard Bulgarian [[[:Template:IPAlink]]] (written as ъ).
Erkech dialect
Catalan Majorcan<ref name="rafel14">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} {{#invoke:IPA|main}} 'thesis' Main realization of {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. More open and centralized before liquids and in monosyllabics. See Catalan phonology
Valencian<ref name="rafel14"/>
Chechen lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'eagle'
Danish Standard<ref name="gr100"/><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'Danish' Most often transcribed in IPA with Template:IPAalink – the way it is realized by certain older or upper-class speakers.<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> See Danish phonology
Dutch<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'pen' main}} before {{#invoke:IPA|main}} and coda {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. In non-standard accents this allophone is generalized to other positions, where Template:IPAblink is used in Standard Dutch.<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> See Dutch phonology
English Cultivated New Zealand<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> cat Template:Audio-IPA 'cat' Higher in other New Zealand varieties. See New Zealand English phonology
General American<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> See English phonology
Conservative Received Pronunciation<ref name="gimson">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Fully open Template:IPAblink in contemporary RP.<ref name="gimson"/> See English phonology
Estonian<ref name="asuteras">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'agile' Near-front.<ref name="asuteras"/> See Estonian phonology
Finnish<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'hill' See Finnish phonology
French Parisian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'bath' Nasalized; typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See French phonology
Quebec<ref name="wal75">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'worm' main}} before {{#invoke:IPA|main}} or in open syllables, and of {{#invoke:IPA|main}} in closed syllables.<ref name="wal75"/> See Quebec French phonology
German Standard Austrian<ref name="moos">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'allow' Variant of pretonic Template:IPAblink.<ref name="moos"/> See Standard German phonology
West Central German accents<ref name="dud40">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'or' Used instead of Template:IPAblink.<ref name="dud40"/> See Standard German phonology
Northern accents<ref name="dud64">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'everything' Lower and often also more back in other accents.<ref name="dud64"/> See Standard German phonology
Western Swiss accents<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'late' Open-mid Template:IPAblink or close-mid Template:IPAblink in other accents; contrasts with the open-mid Template:IPAslink.<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> See Standard German phonology
Greek Macedonia<ref name="Newton">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/gáta {{#invoke:IPA|main}} 'cat' See Modern Greek phonology
Thessaly<ref name="Newton"/>
Thrace<ref name="Newton"/>
Pontic<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'baskets'
Hungarian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'no' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Hungarian phonology
Kanoê<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> {{#invoke:IPA|main}} 'tobacco'
Kazakh lang}}/äiel main}} 'woman' Varies between near-open and open-mid.
Kurdish Sorani (Central) lang}}/ galte main}} 'joke' Equal to Palewani (Southern) front Template:IPAblink. See Kurdish phonology
Lakon<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'evening'
Limburgish<ref name="ga159">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref name="pet119">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref name="ver221">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'twelve' Front<ref name="pet119"/><ref name="ver221"/> or near-front,<ref name="ga159"/> depending on the dialect. The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect, in which the vowel is near-front.
Lithuanian lang}} main}} 'yacht' (accusative) See Lithuanian phonology
Low Saxon Including Sallandic lang}} main}} 'glasses'
Luxembourgish<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'heads' See Luxembourgish phonology
Norwegian Urban East<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'leather' See Norwegian phonology
Persian<ref name="ipa_handbook">Majidi & Ternes (1991)</ref><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}}/hašt [hæʃt] 'eight'
Portuguese Some dialects<ref>Portuguese: A Linguistic Introduction – by Milton M. Azevedo Page 186.</ref> lang}} main}} 'stone' Stressed vowel. In other dialects closer Template:IPAslink. See Portuguese phonology
Some European speakers<ref>Lista das marcas dialetais e outros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP Template:In lang</ref> lang}} main}} 'also' main}}.
Romanian Bukovinian dialectTemplate:Sfnp lang}} main}} 'skin' main}} in standard Romanian. Also identified in some Central Transylvanian sub-dialects.Template:Sfnp See Romanian phonology
Russian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} / pjatʹ Template:Audio-IPA 'five' main}} between palatalized consonants. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian Zeta-Raška dialectTemplate:Sfn lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} main}} 'day' Regional reflex of Proto-Slavic *ь and *ъ. Sometimes nasalised.Template:Sfn
Sinhala<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> ඇය/æya main}} 'she'
Slovak mäso [mæso] 'meat, flesh' In conversation sometimes pronounced as [e] or [a]. See Slovak phonology
Swedish Central Standard<ref name="Eliasson273">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref name="thoren15">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref name="Riad38">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} Template:Audio-IPA 'hono(u)r' main}} before {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. See Swedish phonology
Stockholm<ref name="Riad38"/> lang}} main}} 'to read' main}} for younger speakers. Higher {{#invoke:IPA|main}} for other speakers
Turkish<ref name="gk10">Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> lang}} main}} 'you' main}} before syllable-final {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. In a limited number of words (but not before {{#invoke:IPA|main}}), it is in free variation with Template:IPAblink.<ref name="gk10"/> See Turkish phonology

See alsoEdit

NotesEdit

Template:Reflist

ReferencesEdit

Template:Refbegin

Template:Refend

External linksEdit

Template:IPA navigation

Retrieved from "https://zalansite.site/mediawiki/index.php?title=Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel&oldid=361445"