Nevermind

{{safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst-infobox||$params=italic_title,name,type,longtype,artist,cover,border,alt,caption,released,recorded,venue,studio,genre,length,language,label,director,producer,compiler,chronology,prev_title,prev_year,year,next_title,next_year,misc|$extra=italic_title,longtype,border,caption,language,director,compiler,chronology,year,misc|$aliases=italic title>italic_title,Italic title>italic_title,Name>name,Type>type,image>cover,Cover>cover,Border>border,Alt>alt,Caption>caption,Longtype>longtype,Artist>artist,Released>released,Recorded>recorded,Venue>venue,Studio>studio,Genre>genre,Length>length,Language>language,Label>label,Director>director,Producer>producer,Compiler>compiler,Chronology>chronology,Misc>misc|$flags=override|$B={{#ifeq:{{#invoke:Is infobox in lead|main|[Ii]nfobox [Aa]lbum}}|true|{{#if:Template:Has short description | |Template:Short description|noreplace}}}}{{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template otherTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Main other{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox album with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y|italic_title |type |name |image |cover |border |alt |caption |longtype |artist |released |recorded |venue |studio |genre |length |language |label |director |producer |compiler |prev_title|prev_year|next_title|next_year|chronology|year|misc}}{{#if:{{#invoke:String|match|error_category=Music infoboxes with Module:String errors|A|1=Blew1989Nevermind It's an Interview1992studioNevermindNirvanaNevermindalbumcover.jpgA nude infant swimming in blue-tinted water toward a dollar bill which is attached to a fishhook on a string.NirvanaTemplate:Start dateMay 2–28, 1991<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
June 1–9, 1991 (mixing)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
April 1990 ("Polly")*Sound City (Van Nuys)

• Smart (Madison)Template:Hlist42:36 (49:07 with hidden track)*DGC
• Sub PopTemplate:Hlistx|2=</?t[drh][ >]|nomatch=}}|Template:Main other}}Template:Main other}}

Nevermind is the second studio album by the American rock band Nirvana, released on September 24, 1991, by DGC Records. It was Nirvana's first release on a major label and the first to feature drummer Dave Grohl. Produced by Butch Vig, Nevermind features a more polished, radio-friendly sound than the band's prior work.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It was recorded at Sound City Studios in Van Nuys, California, and Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin, in May and June 1991, and mastered that August at the Mastering Lab in Hollywood, California.

Written primarily by frontman Kurt Cobain, Nevermind is noted for channeling a range of emotions, being noted as dark, humorous, and disturbing. Its themes include anti-establishment and anti-sexism views, frustration, alienation, and troubled love inspired by Cobain's broken relationship with Bikini Kill's Tobi Vail. Contrary to the popular hedonistic themes of drugs and sex at the time, writers have observed that Nevermind promoted the image of the sensitive artist in mainstream rock.<ref name="Goodman-2016">Template:Cite magazine</ref> According to Cobain, the sound of the album was influenced by bands such as Pixies, R.E.M., the Smithereens, and Melvins. Though the album is considered a cornerstone of the grunge genre, it is noted for its musical diversity, which includes acoustic ballads ("Polly" and "Something in the Way") and punk-influenced hard rock ("Territorial Pissings" and "Stay Away").<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Nevermind became an unexpected critical and commercial success, reaching the top 10 on charts across the world. On January 11, 1992, it replaced Michael Jackson's Dangerous on the number one spot of the US Billboard 200 and was selling approximately 300,000 copies a week. The lead single, "Smells Like Teen Spirit", reached the Top 10 of the US Billboard Hot 100 and went on to be inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Its music video was also heavily rotated on MTV. Three other successful singles were released: "Come as You Are", "Lithium", and "In Bloom". The album was voted the best album of the year in Pazz & Jop critics' poll, while "Smells Like Teen Spirit" also topped the single-of-the-year and video-of-the-year polls. The album also garnered the band three Grammy Award nominations in total across the 34th and 35th Grammy Awards, including Best Alternative Music Album.

Nevermind propelled Nirvana into worldwide superstardom, with Cobain being dubbed the "voice of his generation". It brought grunge and alternative rock to a mainstream audience while accelerating the decline of hair metal, drawing similarities to the early 1960s British Invasion of American popular music. It is also often credited with initiating a resurgence of interest in punk culture among teenagers and young adults of Generation X. It has sold more than 30 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time. In March 1999, it was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Among the most acclaimed and influential albums in the history of music, Nevermind was added by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry in 2004 for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant", and is frequently ranked highly on lists of the greatest albums of all time, including being ranked number six on Rolling StoneTemplate:'s 2020 and 2023 lists of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time". The album has since been reissued with alternate takes and live performances.

Background and early sessions

In early 1990, Nirvana began planning their second album for their record company Sub Pop, tentatively titled Sheep. At the suggestion of Sub Pop head Bruce Pavitt, Nirvana selected Butch Vig as producer.<ref name="classicalbums">Classic Albums—Nirvana: Nevermind [DVD]. Isis Productions, 2004.</ref> The band particularly liked Vig's work with Killdozer.<ref name=hoi>Hoi, Tobias. "In Bloom". Guitar World. October 2001.</ref> They traveled to Vig's Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin, and recorded from April 2 to 6, 1990.<ref name=Livenirvana>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Most of the basic arrangements were complete, but the songwriter Kurt Cobain was still working on lyrics and the band was unsure of which songs to record.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 29</ref> Ultimately, eight were recorded, some of which were later rerecorded for Nevermind: "Imodium" (later renamed "Breed"), "Dive" (later released as the B-side to "Sliver"), "In Bloom", "Pay to Play" (later renamed "Stay Away"), "Sappy", "Lithium", "Here She Comes Now" (released on Heaven & Hell: A Tribute to the Velvet Underground), and "Polly".<ref>Azerrad, 1993. p. 137</ref>

On April 6, Nirvana played a local show in Madison with the Seattle band Tad.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref> Vig began to mix the recordings while the band gave an interview to Madison's community radio station WORT on April 7.<ref>Nirvana - 04/07/90 - (Interview) WORT Radio Studio, Madison, WI. YouTube. July 6, 2021. Retrieved March 28, 2023.</ref> Cobain strained his voice, forcing Nirvana to end the recording. On April 8, they traveled to Milwaukee to begin an extensive midwest and east coast tour of 24 shows in 39 days.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The drummer Chad Channing left after the tour, putting additional recording on hold.<ref name="Azerrad138" /> During a show by the hardcore punk band Scream, Cobain and the bassist Krist Novoselic were impressed by their drummer Dave Grohl. When Scream unexpectedly disbanded, Grohl contacted Novoselic, traveled to Seattle, and was invited to join the band. Novoselic said in retrospect that, with Grohl, everything "fell into place".<ref name="classicalbums" />

By the 1990s, Sub Pop was having financial problems. With rumors that they would become a subsidiary of a major record label, Nirvana decided to "cut out the middleman" and look for a major record label.<ref name="classicalbums" /> Nirvana used the recordings as a demo tape to shop for a new label. Within a few months, the tape was circulating among major labels.<ref name="Azerrad138">Azerrad, 1993. p. 138</ref> A number of labels courted them; Nirvana signed with Geffen Records imprint DGC Records based on recommendations from Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth and their management company.<ref name="Azerrad162">Azerrad, 1993. p. 162</ref>

After Nirvana signed to DGC, a number of producers were suggested, including Scott Litt, David Briggs, Don Dixon, and Bob Mould.<ref>Azerrad, 1993. p. 164–65</ref> Novoselic said the band had been nervous about recording under a major label, and the producers suggested by DGC wanted percentage points. Instead, the band held out for Vig, with whom they felt comfortable collaborating.<ref name="requiem">Cross, Charles R. "Requiem for a Dream". Guitar World. October 2001.</ref>

Recording

File:Butch Vig at Smart Studios, Madison, WI, United States of America.jpg

Producer Butch Vig in 2006

With a budget of $65,000, Nirvana recorded Nevermind at Sound City Studios in Van Nuys, California, in May and June 1991.<ref>Sandford 1995, p. 181</ref> To earn gas money to get to Los Angeles, they played a show where they performed "Smells Like Teen Spirit" for the first time.<ref name="classicalbums" /> The band sent Vig rehearsal tapes prior to the sessions that featured songs recorded previously at Smart Studios, plus new songs including "Smells Like Teen Spirit" and "Come as You Are".<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 167</ref>

Nirvana arrived in California and spent a few days rehearsing and working on arrangements.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 169</ref> The only recording carried over from the Smart Studios sessions was "Polly", including Channing's cymbal crashes. Once recording commenced, the band worked eight to ten hours a day.<ref name="Azerrad p. 174">Azerrad 1993, p. 174</ref>

Despite receiving a $287,000 advance upon signing with Geffen, Cobain retained a preference for inexpensive equipment—particularly Japanese-made Fender guitars, due to their skinny necks and wider availability in lefthanded orientation.<ref name="Gill">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> These included several Stratocasters fitted with humbucker pickups in the bridge positions, as well as a 1965 Jaguar with DiMarzio pickups and a 1969 Mustang, the latter of which Cobain cited as his favorite due to its design flaws.<ref name="Gill" /> For the album, Cobain bought a rackmount system featuring a Mesa/Boogie Studio preamp, a Crown power amp, and Marshall cabinets. He also used a Vox AC30 and a Fender Bassman. Vig preferred not to use pedals, but he allowed Cobain to use a Boss DS-1 distortion pedal, which Cobain considered a key part of his sound, as well as an Electro-Harmonix Big Muff fuzz pedal and a Small Clone chorus.<ref name="Gill" />

Novoselic and Grohl finished their tracks in days, while Cobain worked longer on guitar overdubs, vocals, and lyrics. He sometimes finished lyrics minutes before recording.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 176</ref> Vig recalled that Cobain was often reluctant to record overdubs, but he was persuaded to double-track his vocals when Vig told him that John Lennon did it.<ref name="classicalbums" /> Though the sessions generally went well, Vig said Cobain would become difficult at times: "He'd be great for an hour, and then he'd sit in a corner and say nothing for an hour."<ref name="hoi" />

Mixing and mastering

Vig and the band were unhappy with Vig's initial mixes and decided to bring in someone else to oversee the mixing. DGC supplied a list of options, including Scott Litt, known for his work with R.E.M., and Ed Stasium, known for his work with Ramones and the Smithereens. Cobain was concerned about bringing in well known producers, and instead chose Andy Wallace, who had co-produced Slayer's 1990 album Seasons in the Abyss.<ref name="diperna1996">di Perna, Alan. "Grunge Music: The Making of Nevermind". Guitar World. Fall 1996.</ref> Novoselic recalled, "We said, 'Right on,' because those Slayer records were so heavy."<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 96</ref>

Wallace's mixes most notably altered the drum and guitar sounds.<ref name="Azerrad 179 180">Azerrad 1993, p. 179–80</ref> According to Wallace and Vig, the band loved the results.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 99</ref> However, they criticized it after the album was released. Steve Albini, who engineered Nirvana's next album, In Utero (1993), said Vig's initial mix "sounded maybe 200 times more ass-kicking" than the final version of Nevermind and that Nirvana referred to it while working on In Utero. He said that Vig was an excellent engineer who "had a good, sympathetic relationship with all the noisy bands he recorded in the 80s", which was why Nirvana had hired him.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Nevermind was mastered by Howie Weinberg on the afternoon of August 2 at the Mastering Lab in Hollywood, California. Weinberg started working alone when no one else arrived at the appointed time in the studio; by the time Nirvana, Andy Wallace, and Gary Gersh arrived, he had almost finished.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 102</ref> A hidden track, "Endless, Nameless", intended to appear at the end of "Something in the Way", was accidentally left off initial pressings of the album. Weinberg recalled, "In the beginning, it was kind of a verbal thing to put that track at the end [...] Maybe I didn't write it down when Nirvana or the record company said to do it. So, when they pressed the first twenty thousand or so CDs, albums, and cassettes, it wasn't on there." Cobain called Weinberg and demanded he rectify the mistake.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 103</ref>

Music

{{#invoke:Listen|main}}At the time of writing Nevermind, Cobain was listening to bands such as Melvins, R.E.M., the Smithereens, and Pixies, and was writing songs that were more melodic. A key development was the single "Sliver", released on Sub Pop in 1990 before Grohl joined, which Cobain said "was like a statement in a way. I had to write a pop song and release it on a single to prepare people for the next record. I wanted to write more songs like that."<ref>Azerrad, 1993. p. 145</ref> Grohl said that the band at that point likened their music to children's music, in that they tried to make their songs as simple as possible.<ref name="classicalbums" />

Cobain fashioned chord sequences using primarily power chords and wrote songs that combined pop hooks with dissonant guitar riffs. His aim for Nevermind's material was to sound like "the Knack and the Bay City Rollers getting molested by Black Flag and Black Sabbath".<ref>Lewis, Luke. "Nirvana – Nevermind". Q: Nirvana and the Story of Grunge. December 2005.</ref> Many songs feature shifts in dynamics, whereby the band changes from quiet verses to loud choruses. Grohl said this approach originated during a four-month period prior to the recording of the album, when the band would experiment with extreme dynamics during regular jam sessions.<ref>di Perna, Alan. "Absolutely Foobulous!" Guitar World. August 1997.</ref>

Guitar World wrote, "Kurt Cobain's guitar sound on Nirvana's Nevermind set the tone for Nineties rock music." Cobain played a 1960s Fender Mustang, a Fender Jaguar with DiMarzio pickups, and a few Fender Stratocasters with humbucker bridge pickups. He used distortion and chorus pedals as his main effects, the latter used to generate a "watery" sound on "Come as You Are" and the pre-choruses of "Smells Like Teen Spirit".<ref>"Cobainspotting". Guitar World. October 2001.</ref> Novoselic tuned down his bass guitar one and a half steps to D flat "to get this fat-ass sound".<ref name=requiem />

After the release of Nevermind, members of Nirvana expressed dissatisfaction with the production for its perceived commercial sound. Cobain said, "I'm embarrassed by it now. It's closer to a Mötley Crüe record than it is a punk rock record."<ref name="Azerrad 179 180" /> In 2011, Vig said that Nirvana had "loved" Nevermind when they finished it. He said Cobain had criticized it in the press "because you can't really go, 'Hey, I love our record and I'm glad it sold 10 million copies.' That's just not cool to do. And I think he felt like he wanted to do something more primal."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Lyrics

The album is dark, humorous, and disturbing.<ref name="Congress">Template:Cite journal</ref> It includes anti-establishment views,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and explores sexism,<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> frustration, loneliness, sickness and troubled love.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Cobain said that the lyrics were taken from two years of poetry he had accumulated, and then cut up, choosing lines he preferred,<ref>Steinke, Darcey (October 1993). "Smashing Their Heads on the Punk Rock". Spin. Retrieved March 10, 2023.</ref> noting that they're "not usually thematic at all".<ref name="Cross1">Template:Cite book</ref> On the other hand, Grohl has said that Cobain told him, "Music comes first and lyrics come second," and Grohl believes that above all Cobain focused on the melodies of his songs.<ref name=classicalbums /> Cobain was still working on the album's lyrics well into the recording of Nevermind. Additionally, Cobain's phrasing on the album is often difficult to understand. Vig asserted that clarity of Cobain's singing was not paramount, saying that "Even though you couldn't quite tell what he was singing about, you knew it was intense as hell."<ref name=classicalbums /> Cobain later complained when rock journalists attempted to decipher his singing and extract meaning from his lyrics, writing: "Why in the hell do journalists insist on coming up with a second-rate Freudian evaluation of my lyrics, when 90 percent of the time they've transcribed them incorrectly?"<ref name="Cross 182">Cross 2001, p. 182</ref>

Charles R. Cross asserted in his 2001 biography of Cobain, Heavier Than Heaven, that many of the songs written for Nevermind were about Cobain's dysfunctional relationship with Tobi Vail. After their relationship ended, Cobain began writing and painting violent scenes, many of which revealed a hatred for himself and others. Songs written during this period were less violent, but still reflected anger absent from Cobain's earlier songs. Cross wrote, "In the four months following their break-up, Kurt would write a half dozen of his most memorable songs, all of them about Tobi Vail." "Drain You" begins with the line, "One baby to another said 'I'm lucky to have met you,'" quoting what Vail had once told Cobain, and the line "It is now my duty to completely drain you" refers to the power Vail had over Cobain in their relationship. According to Novoselic, "'Lounge Act' is about Tobi," and the song contains the line "I'll arrest myself, I'll wear a shield," referring to Cobain having the K Records logo tattooed on his arm to impress Vail. Though "Lithium" had been written before Cobain knew Vail, the lyrics of the song were changed to reference her.<ref>Cross 2001, p. 168–69</ref> Cobain also said in an interview with Musician that "some of my very personal experiences, like breaking up with girlfriends and having bad relationships, feeling that death void that the person in the song is feeling—very lonely, sick".<ref>Morris, Chris. "The Year's Hottest Band Can't Stand Still." Musician, January 1992.</ref>

Title

File:Nirvananevermind-logo.svg

The branding for Nevermind

The tentative title Sheep was something Cobain created as an inside joke directed towards the people he expected to buy the album. He wrote a fake advertisement for Sheep in his journal that read "Because you want to not; because everyone else is."<ref>Cross 2001, p. 154</ref> Novoselic said the inspiration for the title was the band's cynicism about the public's reaction to Operation Desert Storm.<ref name=requiem /> As recording ended, Cobain grew tired of the title and suggested to Novoselic that the album be named Nevermind. Cobain liked the title because it was a metaphor for his attitude on life and because it was grammatically incorrect.<ref>Cross 2001, p. 189</ref> Sacagawea, after the Native American, was briefly considered so to reference the band's intentions for a more widespread impact compared to their previous studio album Bleach.<ref>Nirvana Interview Canada 1991. YouTube. Event occurred September 21, 1991. Video uploaded August 20, 2014. Retrieved March 28, 2023.</ref>

"Nevermind" appears on the album liner notes as the last word in a paragraph of lyric fragments that ends with "I found it hard, it was hard to find, oh well, whatever, nevermind" from "Smells Like Teen Spirit".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The word "nevermind" also echoes the Sex Pistols' Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols, one of Cobain's favorite albums.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Artwork

The album cover shows a naked baby boy swimming underwater with a U.S. dollar bill on a fishhook just out of his reach. According to Cobain, he conceived the idea while watching a television program on water births. Cobain mentioned it to Geffen's art director Robert Fisher. Fisher found some stock footage of underwater births, but they were too graphic for the record company to use. Furthermore, the stock house that controlled the photo of a swimming baby that they chose wanted $7,500 a year for its use. Instead, Fisher sent a photographer, Kirk Weddle, to a pool for babies to take pictures. Five shots resulted and the band settled on the image of four-month-old Spencer Elden, the son of a friend of Weddle.<ref name=bachor>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Geffen was concerned that the infant's penis, visible in the photo, would cause offense, and prepared an alternate cover without it; they relented when Cobain said the only compromise he would accept would be a sticker covering the penis reading: "If you're offended by this, you must be a closet pedophile."<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 180–81</ref> The cover has since been recognized as one of the most famous album covers in popular music.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> On October 28, Weddle also photographed the entire band underwater for a promotional poster.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The back cover features a photograph of a rubber monkey in front of a collage created by Cobain. The collage features photos of raw beef from a supermarket advertisement, images from Dante's Inferno, and pictures of diseased vaginas from Cobain's collection of medical photos. Cobain noted, "If you look real close, there is a picture of Kiss in the back standing on a slab of beef."<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 108</ref> The album's liner notes contain no complete lyrics; instead, the liner contains random song lyrics and unused lyrical fragments that Cobain arranged into a poem.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 209</ref>

A year later, "Weird Al" Yankovic parodied the artwork for his album Off the Deep End, replacing the baby with himself wearing a hidden bathing suit, and the dollar with a donut. He would later jokingly state "I never really anticipated going full-frontal on any of my album covers."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Spencer Elden lawsuits

In August 2021,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Elden filed a lawsuit against Weddle, Cobain's estate, Grohl and Novoselic, claiming that the use of his likeness on the album cover was made without his consent or that of his legal guardians, that it violated federal child pornography statutes,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and that it resulted in "lifelong damages".<ref name="Minsker 2021">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Elden said that, by refusing to censor the artwork with a sticker, Nirvana had failed to protect him from child sexual exploitation.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The lawsuit also stated that "Cobain chose the image depicting Spencer—like a sex worker—grabbing for a dollar bill that is positioned dangling from a fishhook in front of his nude body with his penis explicitly displayed".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Attorney Jamie White criticized the lawsuit as "frivolous" and "really offensive to the true victims" of child sexual abuse. Fordham Law School professor James Cohen said the context of the cover did not suggest pornography. White and Cohen concluded that Elden intended to make money with the lawsuit.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In December, lawyers for the defendants sought to dismiss the lawsuit, saying it was filed too late and that its claim that the image depicts sexual abuse was "not serious". They noted that Elden had "spent three decades profiting from his celebrity as the self-anointed 'Nirvana BabyTemplate:' ", having reenacted the artwork several times, and that he had the album title tattooed on his chest. They argued that the cover instead "evokes themes of greed, innocence, and the motif of the cherub in western art".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After Elden's lawyers did not file an opposition, the lawsuit was dismissed by a judge on January 3, 2022. However, the judge did allow for future lawsuits.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Elden refiled again on January 14, 2022, amending the original suit by removing charges of child sex trafficking while arguing it was child pornography.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On September 2, 2022, a judge ruled against Elden, saying he had waited too long to file the suit and cited a 10-year statute of limitations from the date the plaintiff becomes an adult at age 18, meaning Elden needed to file before he turned 28 (around 2019). In addition, the judge blocked any additional filings in the future, bringing the case to a "final" close at the district court level.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> On September 6, 2022, Elden appealed the dismissal of his case to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. The Ninth Circuit heard oral argument on Elden's appeal on October 18, 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The court ruled in favor of Elden in December 2023, reversing the lower court's ruling and allowing the suit to continue. The court determined that the special republication of the album on its 30th anniversary constituted a new claim that Elden could pursue in court.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Release and sales

File:NevermindRIAAcertification.png

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Nevermind was released on September 24, 1991. American record stores received an initial shipment of 46,251 copies,<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 196</ref> while 35,000 copies were shipped in the United Kingdom, where Bleach had been successful.<ref name="BerkCross113">Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 113</ref> The lead single "Smells Like Teen Spirit" had been released on September 10 with the intention of building a base among alternative rock fans, while the next single "Come as You Are" would possibly garner more attention.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 227</ref> Days before the release date, the band began a short American tour in support of the album. Geffen hoped that Nevermind would sell around 250,000 copies, matching sales of Sonic Youth's Geffen debut Goo.<ref>Wice, Nathaniel. "How Nirvana Made It". Spin. April 1992.</ref> The most optimistic estimate was that Nevermind could be certified gold (500,000 copies sold) by September 1992.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 193</ref>

Nevermind debuted at number 144 on the Billboard 200.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 198</ref> Geffen shipped about half of the initial U.S. pressing to the American Northwest, where it sold out quickly and was unavailable for days. Geffen put production of all other albums on hold to fulfill demand in the region.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 119</ref> Over the next few months, sales increased significantly as "Smells Like Teen Spirit" unexpectedly increased in popularity. The song's video had received a world premiere on MTV's late-night alternative show 120 Minutes, and soon became popular enough for the network to start broadcasting it during the daytime.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 199</ref> "Smells Like Teen Spirit" reached number 6 on the US Billboard Hot 100.<ref name="Hall of Fame 1997">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The album was soon certified gold, but the band was relatively uninterested. Novoselic recalled, "Yeah I was happy about it. It was pretty cool. It was kind of neat. But I don't give a shit about some kind of achievement like that. It's cool—I guess."<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 202</ref>

As the band set out for their European tour at the start of November 1991, Nevermind entered the Billboard Top 40 for the first time at number 35. By this point, "Smells Like Teen Spirit" had become a hit and the album was selling so fast none of Geffen's marketing strategies could be enacted. Geffen president Ed Rosenblatt told The New York Times, "We didn't do anything. It was just one of those 'Get out of the way and duck' records."<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 228</ref> Nirvana found as they toured Europe during the end of 1991 that the shows were dangerously oversold, television crews became a constant presence onstage, and "Smells Like Teen Spirit" was almost omnipresent on radio and music television.<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 203</ref>

Nevermind became Nirvana's first number-one album on January 11, 1992, replacing Michael Jackson's Dangerous at the top of the Billboard charts. By this time, Nevermind was selling approximately 300,000 copies a week.<ref name="NevermindNo1USA">Azerrad 1993, p. 229</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It returned for a second week at number one in February.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> "Come as You Are" was released as the second single in March 1992; it reached number 9 on the UK Singles Chart and number 32 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart.<ref name="billboard">Nirvana – Awards Template:Webarchive". AllMusic. Retrieved on 14 July 2013.</ref> Two more singles, "Lithium" and "In Bloom", reached number 11 and 28 on the UK Singles Chart.<ref name="occ">"Nirvana – Artist Chart History Template:Webarchive". Official Charts Company. Retrieved on July 14, 2013.</ref>

Nevermind was certified gold and platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in November 1991 and certified Diamond in March 1999.<ref>RIAA Searchable Database Template:Webarchive. RIAA.com. Retrieved on March 10, 2007. NB user needs to enter "Nirvana" in "Artist" and click "search".</ref> It was also certified Diamond in Canada (1,000,000 units sold) by the Canadian Recording Industry Association in March 2001<ref>Gold & Platinum – March 2001 Template:Webarchive. CRIA.ca. March 2001. Retrieved on September 27, 2007.</ref> and 6x platinum in the United Kingdom.<ref>Certified Award Search – Nirvana – Nevermind Template:Webarchive. British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved on August 3, 2011. NB user needs to enter "Nirvana" in the field "Search", select "Artist" in the field "Search by", and click "Go".{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It has gone on to sell more than 30 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time.<ref name="wwsales">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Critical reception

Geffen's press promotion for Nevermind was lower than that typical of a major record label. The label's publicist primarily targeted music publications with long lead times for publication as well as magazines in the Seattle area. The unexpectedly positive feedback from critics who had received the album convinced the label to consider increasing the album's original print run.<ref name="BerkCross113"/>

At first, Nevermind did not receive many reviews, and many publications ignored the album. Months after its release and after "Smells Like Teen Spirit" garnered airplay, print media organizations were "scrambling" to cover the phenomenon the album had become. However, by that point, much of the attention fell on Cobain rather than the album itself. The reviews that did initially appear were largely positive.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 116-117</ref> Karen Schoemer of The New York Times wrote, "With Nevermind, Nirvana has certainly succeeded. There are enough intriguing textures, mood shifts, instrumental snippets and inventive word plays to provide for hours of entertainment ... Nevermind is more sophisticated and carefully produced than anything peer bands like Dinosaur Jr. and Mudhoney have yet offered."<ref name="nytimes review">Schoemer, Karen. "Pop/Jazz; A Band That Deals In Apathy". The New York Times. September 27, 1991. Retrieved on September 27, 2007.</ref>

Entertainment Weekly gave Nevermind an A− rating. The reviewer, David Browne, wrote that Nirvana "never entertain the notion" of wanting to sound "normal", compared to other contemporary alternative bands.<ref name="ew review" /> Concluding his enthusiastic review for the British Melody Maker, Everett True wrote that "When Nirvana released Bleach all those years ago, the more sussed among us figured they had the potential to make an album that would blow every other contender away. My God have they proved us right."<ref name="MelodyMaker review">True, Everett. Nirvana: The Biography. Da Capo Press, 2007. Template:ISBN. p. 233.</ref> Spin gave Nevermind a favorable review stating that "you'll be humming all the songs for the rest of your life—or at least until your CD-tape-album wears out."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Select compared the band to Jane's Addiction, Sonic Youth, and Pixies, stating that the album "proves that Nirvana truly belong in such high company."<ref name="select review" />

Some reviews were not entirely positive. Rolling Stone gave the album three out of five stars. Reviewer Ira Robbins wrote, "If Nirvana isn't onto anything altogether new, Nevermind does possess the songs, character and confident spirit to be much more than a reformulation of college radio's high-octane hits."<ref name="rs review" /> The Boston Globe was less enthusiastic about the album; reviewer Steve Morse wrote, "Most of Nevermind is packed with generic punk-pop that had been done by countless acts from Iggy Pop to the Red Hot Chili Peppers," and added "the band has little or nothing to say, settling for moronic ramblings by singer-lyricist Cobain."<ref name="BerkenstadtBG">Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 117</ref>

Nevermind was voted the best album of the year in The Village Voice Pazz & Jop critics' poll; "Smells Like Teen Spirit" also topped the single of the year and video of the year polls.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Nevermind topped the poll by a large majority, and Village Voice critic Robert Christgau wrote in his companion piece to the poll, "As a modest pop surprise they might have scored a modest victory, like De La Soul in 1990. Instead, their multi-platinum takeover constituted the first full-scale public validation of the Amerindie values—the noise, the toons, the 'tude—the radder half of the [Pazz & Jop poll] electorate came up on."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In the United Kingdom, the album was ranked number one on NME's Best Fifty LPs of 1991.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The album garnered the band three Grammy Award nominations in total at the 34th and 35th Grammy Awards.<ref name="Grammys">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Among the nominations was the Best Alternative Music Album award.<ref name="Grammys" />

Legacy

Cultural impact

File:KristNovoselic2011.jpg

Bassist Krist Novoselic at a Nevermind 20th anniversary show in 2011

Nevermind popularized the Seattle grunge movement and brought alternative rock as a whole into the mainstream, establishing its commercial and cultural viability<ref>Olsen, Eric. "10 years later, Cobain lives on in his music" Template:Webarchive. MSNBC April 9, 2004. Retrieved on September 27, 2007.</ref> and leading to an alternative rock boom in the music industry.<ref name="Hogan">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Though a short tenure from the album's release to the death of Cobain, the album's and singles' successes propelled Nirvana to being regarded by the media as the biggest band in the world—especially throughout 1992.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> As a grunge act, the band's success over the popular hair metal acts of the time drew similarities to the early 1960s British Invasion of American popular music.<ref name="Congress" /> The album also initiated a resurgence of interest in punk culture among teenagers and young adults of Generation X.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Journalist Chuck Eddy cited NevermindTemplate:'s release as roughly the end of the "high album era".<ref name="Eddy">Template:Cite book</ref>

Billboard writer William Goodman lauds the album, particularly in comparison to the music and image of hair metal acts: "Instead of the chest-beating, coke-blowing, women-objectifying macho rock star of the ’80s, Cobain popularized (or re-invigorated) the image of the sensitive artist, the pro-feminism, anti-authoritarian smart alec punk with a sweet smile and gentle soul."<ref name="Goodman-2016" /> In its citation placing it at number 17 in its 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, Rolling Stone said, "No album in recent history had such an overpowering impact on a generation—a nation of teens suddenly turned punk—and such a catastrophic effect on its main creator."<ref name="nevermind rs500" /> Gary Gersh, who signed Nirvana to Geffen Records, added that "There is a pre-Nirvana and post-Nirvana record business...'Nevermind' showed that this wasn't some alternative thing happening off in a corner, and then back to reality. This is reality."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The album had an enormous impact towards youth culture. Goodman says that Nevermind "killed off hair metal, and sparked a cultural revolution across the globe".<ref name="Goodman-2016" /> Speaking to the BBC, Brazilian cultural studies academic Moyses Pinto stated that he was struck by Nevermind, saying "I thought: 'this is perfect'; it sounded like a bright synthesis of noise and pop music."<ref name="Haider-2021">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In similar praise, Kgomotso Neto says that the impact of Nirvana, as well as MTV, during the time of Nevermind, caused a new youth who listened to the same music and dressed similarly (grunge fashion). Neto further remarks that "there was a cultural homogeneity probably never experienced before" and that "grunge culture became dominant very quickly; all that had been 'cool' suddenly became ugly and exaggerated, and Kurt [Cobain] was the symbol of transgression."<ref name="Haider-2021" /> Michael Azerrad argued in his Nirvana biography Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana (1993) that Nevermind marked an epochal generational shift in music similar to the rock-and-roll explosion in the 1950s and the end of the dominance of the Baby Boomer Generation on popular music. Azerrad wrote, "Nevermind came along at exactly the right time. This was music by, for, and about a whole new group of young people who had been overlooked, ignored, or condescended to."<ref>Azerrad 1993, p. 225</ref>

The success of Nevermind surprised Nirvana's contemporaries, who felt dwarfed by its influence. Fugazi frontman Guy Picciotto later said: "It was like our record could have been a hobo pissing in the forest for the amount of impact it had ... It felt like we were playing ukuleles all of a sudden because of the disparity of the impact of what they did."<ref>Azerrad, 2001. p. 493</ref> Karen Schoemer of the New York Times wrote that "What's unusual about Nirvana's Nevermind is that it caters to neither a mainstream audience nor the indie rock fans who supported the group's debut album."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1992, Jon Pareles of The New York Times described the aftermath of the album's breakthrough: "Suddenly, all bets are off. No one has the inside track on which of dozens, perhaps hundreds, of ornery, obstreperous, unkempt bands might next appeal to the mall-walking millions." Record company executives offered large advances and record deals to bands, and replaced their previous strategies of building audiences for alternative bands with the attempts to achieve mainstream popularity quickly.<ref>Pareles, Jon. Pop View; Nirvana-bes Awaiting Fame's Call". The New York Times. June 14, 1992. Retrieved on June 3, 2008.</ref>

Reappraisal

Nevermind has continued to garner critical praise, having been ranked highly on lists of the greatest albums of all time. The album was ranked number 17 on Rolling StoneTemplate:'s list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time,<ref name="nevermind rs500">17: Nevermind – Nirvana Template:Webarchive. Rolling Stone. Retrieved on February 12, 2012.</ref> maintaining the rating in a 2012 revised list,<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> and upgrading to number 6 in the 2020 and 2023 revisions.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> In 2019, Rolling Stone also ranked Nevermind number one on its list of the 100 Best Albums of the '90s, calling it the "album that guaranteed the nineties would not suck."<ref>1: Nevermind – Nirvana Template:Webarchive. Rolling Stone. Retrieved on October 7, 2013.</ref> Also in 2019, Nevermind was ranked number one on Rolling Stone's 50 Greatest Grunge Albums list.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> The magazine ranked the album number 10 in its list of 40 Greatest Punk Albums of All Time too.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

In 2001, VH1 conducted a poll of more than 500 journalists, music executives and artists which judged Nevermind the second-best album in rock 'n' roll history, behind the Beatles' Revolver.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Time placed Nevermind, which writer Josh Tyrangiel called "the finest album of the 90s", on its 2006 list of "The All-TIME 100 Albums".<ref name="Time100_2006">Tyrangiel, Josh. "Nevermind by Nirvana" . Time. November 13, 2006. Retrieved on September 29, 2007.</ref> Pitchfork named the album the sixth best of the decade, noting that "anyone who hates this record today is just trying to be cool, and needs to be trying harder."<ref>"Top 100 Albums of the 1990s" Template:Webarchive. Pitchfork.com. Retrieved on November 25, 2009.</ref> In 2004, the Library of Congress added Nevermind to the National Recording Registry, which collects "culturally, historically or aesthetically important" sound recordings from the 20th century.<ref>MTV News staff. "For The Record: Quick News On Gwen Stefani, Pharrell Williams, Ciara, 'Dimebag' Darrell, Nirvana, Shins & More" Template:Webarchive. MTV. April 6, 2005. Retrieved on July 16, 2009.</ref> On the other hand, Nevermind was voted the "Most Overrated Album in the World" in a 2005 BBC public poll.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Rock Hard ranked the album at number 88 on their list of the "500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 2006, readers of Guitar World ranked Nevermind 8th on a list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Recordings.<ref>"100 Greatest Guitar Albums". Guitar World. October 2006.</ref> Entertainment Weekly named it the 10th best album of all time on their 2013 list.<ref>"Music: 10 All-Time Greatest." Template:Webarchive Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 8, 2013.</ref> It was voted number 17 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums (2000).<ref name="Larkin">Template:Cite book</ref> Christgau named it among his 10 best albums from the 1990s and said in retrospect it is an A-plus album.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2017, "Smells Like Teen Spirit" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In October 2023, the Official Charts Company revealed that Nevermind was the fourth most streamed album from the 1990s in the United Kingdom.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2024, Paste Magazine ranked Nevermind number 65 on its list of the greatest albums of all-time.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Reissues

In 1996, Mobile Fidelity Sound Labs released Nevermind on vinyl as part of its ANADISQ 200 series, and as a 24-karat gold CD. The CD pressings included "Endless, Nameless". The LP version quickly sold out its limited pressing but the CD edition stayed in print for years.<ref>Berkenstadt; Cross, p. 148–49</ref> In 2009, Original Recordings Group released Nevermind on limited edition 180g blue vinyl and regular 180g black vinyl mastered and cut by Bernie Grundman from the original analog tapes.<ref>"Nevermind and Original Recordings Group Template:Webarchive". Stereophile.com.</ref>

In September 2011, the album's 20th anniversary, Universal Music Enterprises reissued Nevermind in a two-CD "deluxe edition" and a four-CD/one-DVD "Super Deluxe Edition".<ref>"Deluxe Edition of Nirvana's Nevermind Coming Out This Year" Template:Webarchive. UpVenue.com. June 22, 2011. Retrieved on June 23, 2011.</ref> The first disc on both editions features the original album with studio and live B-sides. The second discs feature early session recordings, including the Smart Studio sessions and some band rehearsals recorded with a boombox, plus two BBC session recordings. The "Super Deluxe Edition" also includes Vig's original mix of the album and CD and DVD versions of Live at the Paramount. IFPI reported that as of 2012, the 20th anniversary formats of the album that were released in 2011 had sold nearly 800,000 units.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In June 2021, Novoselic revealed that he and Grohl were compiling the 30th-anniversary edition of the album.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In September 2021, it was announced that BBC Two in the United Kingdom would celebrate the 30th anniversary with a documentary titled When Nirvana Came to Britain, which featured contributions from Noveselic and Grohl.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> That same month, a 30th-anniversary edition of Nevermind was announced, which became available in eight-LP and five-CD editions and contained 70 previously unreleased live songs. The CD edition also included a Blu-ray of Live in Amsterdam.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Track listing

Notes Template:Reflist

Personnel

Personnel adapted from Nevermind liner notes<ref name=linernotes>Template:Cite AV media notes</ref> Template:Col-begin Template:Col-2 Nirvana

• Kurt Cobain – vocals, guitars
• Krist Novoselic (credited as Chris Novoselic) – bass, vocals on "Territorial Pissings" (intro)
• Dave Grohl (credited as David Grohl) – drums, backing vocals on "In Bloom", "Drain You", and "On a Plain"

Additional musicians

• Chad Channing – cymbals on "Polly" (uncredited), drums on the "Smart Studio Sessions" (Deluxe Edition)
• Kirk Canning – cello on "Something in the Way"

Template:Col-2 Technical staff and artwork

• Craig Doubet – assistant engineering, mixing
• Robin Sloane – DGC/Geffen Records Creative Director
• Kurt Cobain (credited for the "Monkey Photo" as Kurdt Kobain) – cover concept, photography
• Spencer Elden – infant in cover photo
• Robert Fisher – artwork, art direction, design, cover design
• Michael Lavine – photography
• Bob Ludwig – mastering on 20th Anniversary Edition
• Jeff Sheehan – assistant engineer
• Butch Vig – producer, engineer
• Nirvana – producer, engineer
• Andy Wallace – mixing
• Kirk Weddle – cover photo
• Howie Weinberg – mastering
• Paul Carlsen – engineering/digital editing

Charts

Weekly charts

Template:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chart

Weekly chart performance for the original release

Chart (1991–1992)	Peak position
Australian Alternative Albums (ARIA)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	1
Belgian Albums (IFPI Belgium)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	1
Buenos Aires Albums (UPI)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>	1
Canada Albums (The Record)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	1
Danish Albums (Hitlisten)<ref name="Musiic&MediaFeb22.1992">Template:Cite magazine</ref>	3
European Top 100 Albums (Music & Media)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	2
Finnish Albums (The Official Finnish Charts)<ref name="Pennanen">Pennanen, Timo (2003). Sisältää hitin: levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 Template:Webarchive. Otava Publishing Company Ltd. Template:ISBN.</ref>	1
French Albums (SNEP)<ref name="snep">"InfoDisc : Le Détail des Albums de chaque Artiste" Template:Webarchive. Infodisc.fr. Retrieved on October 14, 2012. NB user has to select "Nirvana" from the drop down list and click "OK".</ref>	1
Greek Albums (IFPI Greece)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	1
Irish Albums (IFPI Ireland)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	1
Israeli Albums (IBA)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	1
Italian Albums (Musica e dischi)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	10
Japanese Albums (Oricon)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	24
Portuguese Albums (AFP)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	1
South African Albums (SABC)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	5
Spanish Albums (Spanish Albums Chart)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	2
UK Network Albums (MRIB)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	6
Zimbabwean Albums<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	4

Template:Album chart

Chart (2015)	Peak position

Template:Album chart

Chart (2017)	Peak position

Template:Album chartTemplate:Album chart

Chart (2019)	Peak position

Template:Album chartTemplate:Album chart

Chart (2021)	Peak position
Croatian International Albums (HDU)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	21

Chart (2022)	Peak position
Greek Albums (Billboard)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	1

Template:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chart

Weekly chart performance for the 20th Anniversary Edition of Nevermind

Chart (2011)	Peak position
Greek Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	5
Japanese Albums (Oricon)<ref>"ネヴァーマインド＜スーパー・デラックス・エディション＞" Template:Webarchive. Oricon.co.jp. Retrieved on April 18, 2012.</ref>	26
UK Albums (Official Charts Company)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	5

Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for Nevermind

Chart (1991)	Position
Canadian Albums (RPM)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	87
UK Albums (OCC)<ref name="UKYearend">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	89

Chart (1992)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	17
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	11
Canada Top Albums (RPM)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	8
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	9
Eurochart Top 100 Albums (Music & Media)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	5
French Albums (SNEP)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	4
German Albums (Offiziele Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	7
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	8
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	10
UK Albums (OCC)<ref name="UKYearend"/>	22
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	3

Chart (1993)	Position
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	71

Chart (1994)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref name=aria94>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	66
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	55
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	80
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	84

Chart (1995)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	35
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	57
Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	6
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	88
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	115

Chart (1996)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	49

Chart (1998)	Position
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	117

Chart (1999)	Position
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	135

Chart (2001)	Position
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	168

Chart (2002)	Position
Canadian Alternative Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	102
Canadian Metal Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	47
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	194

Chart (2005)	Position
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	38
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	22
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	160

Chart (2006)	Position
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	16
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	16

Chart (2009)	Position
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	50

Chart (2011)	Position
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	22
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	32
Polish Albums (ZPAV)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	97
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }} Click on "Scarica allegato" to download the zipped file containing the year-end chart files.</ref>	97
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>The Official Top 40 biggest selling vinyl albums and singles of 2012 Template:Webarchive officialcharts.com. January 23, 2012.</ref>	12
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	127

Chart (2012)	Position
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	31
Belgian Midprice Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	33

Chart (2013)	Position
Argentine Albums (CAPIF)<ref name="capifyear">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	66

Chart (2015)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	98
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	98
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>Official Biggest Vinyl Singles and Albums of 2015 revealed Template:Webarchive officialcharts.com. January 13, 2016.</ref>	13

Chart (2016)	Position
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	89
Polish Albums (ZPAV)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	96
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>The Official Top 40 biggest selling vinyl albums and singles of 2016 Template:Webarchive officialcharts.com. January 1, 2017.</ref>	10
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	161

Chart (2017)	Position
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	69
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	85
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>The Official Top 40 biggest selling vinyl albums and singles of 2017 Template:Webarchive officialcharts.com. January 10, 2018.</ref>	15
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	183
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	30

Chart (2018)	Position
Australian Vinyl Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	3
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	72
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	78
Portuguese Albums (AFP)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	138
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	7
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	55

Chart (2019)	Position
Australian Vinyl Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	17
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	76
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	106
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	84
Portuguese Albums (AFP)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	63
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	14
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	160
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	27

Chart (2020)	Position
Australian Vinyl Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	10
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	50
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	72
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	91
Croatian Albums (Foreign Top 40)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	33
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	94
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	4
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	129
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	13

Chart (2021)	Position
Australian Vinyl Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	2
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	22
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	46
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	68
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	68
Irish Vinyl Albums (IRMA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	17
Italian Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	61
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	47
Polish Albums (ZPAV)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	34
Portuguese Albums (AFP)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	13
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	72
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	97
US Catalog Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	21
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	14
Worldwide Vinyl Albums (IFPI)<ref name="global">IFPI Template:Cite magazine</ref>	8

Chart (2022)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	44
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	26
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	52
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	76
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	42
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	39
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	88
Icelandic Albums (Tónlistinn)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	36
Italian Vinyl Albums (FIMI)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	19
Lithuanian Albums (AGATA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	38
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	47
Polish Albums (ZPAV)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	25
Portuguese Albums (AFP)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	11
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	88
UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	58
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	57
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	6

Chart (2023)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	70
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	76
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	110
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	70
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	99
Icelandic Albums (Tónlistinn)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	79
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	28
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>[https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/the-official-best-selling-vinyl-albums-and-singles-of-2023/ Template:Webarchive officialcharts.com. January 12, 2024.</ref>	39
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	126
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard)<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	15

Chart (2024)	Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	77
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	42
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	68
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	95
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	58
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	46
Icelandic Albums (Tónlistinn)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	91
US Billboard 200<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>	93

Decade-end charts

1990s decade-end chart performance for Nevermind

Chart (1990–1999)	Position
US Billboard 200<ref name="1990sbb">Template:Cite magazine</ref>	32

2010s decade-end chart performance for Nevermind

Chart (2010–2019)	Position
UK Vinyl Albums (OCC)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	9

See also

• 1991 in music
• Album era
• Classic Albums: Nirvana – Nevermind
• Nevermind It's an Interview
• List of best-selling albums
• List of best-selling albums in Belgium
• List of best-selling albums in France
• List of best-selling albums in the United States
• List of 1990s albums considered the best
• List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1992
• List of diamond-certified albums in Canada
• List of 200 Definitive Albums in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame

References

Sources

• Classic Albums—Nirvana: Nevermind [DVD]. Isis Productions, 2004.
• Azerrad, Michael. Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana. Doubleday, 1993. Template:ISBN
• Berkenstadt, Jim; Cross, Charles. Classic Rock Albums: Nevermind. Schirmer, 1998. Template:ISBN
• Cross, Charles. Heavier Than Heaven: A Biography of Kurt Cobain. Hyperion, 2001. Template:ISBN
• Sandford, Christopher. Kurt Cobain. Carroll & Graff, 1995. Template:ISBN

Further reading

• Template:Cite book

External links

• Template:Discogs master
• Nevermind at YouTube (streamed copy where licensed)
• Template:MusicBrainz release group