Open-mid front unrounded vowel

Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA Template:IPA vowels

File:Spectrogram of open-mid front unrounded vowel (IPA ɛ).png

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Sagittal section of a vocal tract pronouncing the IPA sound Template:Angbr IPA. Note that a wavy glottis in this diagram indicates a voiced sound.

The open-mid front unrounded vowel, or low-mid front unrounded vowel,<ref>Template:Vowel terminology</ref> is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is the Latin epsilon, a Latinized variant of the Greek lowercase epsilon, Template:Angbr IPA.

FeaturesEdit

Template:Open-mid vowel Template:Front vowel Template:Unrounded vowel

OccurrenceEdit

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Akan (Twi)		ɛyɛ	main}}	'it is good/fine'	See Akan phonology
Arabic					See Imāla
Armenian	Eastern Template:Sfnp	lang}}/ēj	main}}	'page'
Bavarian	Amstetten dialect<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt, cited in Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>	Template:Example needed			Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA.
Bengali Template:Sfnp		lang}}/ke	main}}	'who'	See Bengali phonology
Breton<ref>Mikael Madeg, Traité de prononciation du breton du Nord-Ouest à l’usage des bretonnants, Emgleo Breiz, Brest, 2010</ref>		gwenn	[ˈɡwɛnː]	'white'
Bulgarian Template:Sfnp		lang}}/pet	main}}	'five'	See Bulgarian phonology
Catalan Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'seven'	See Catalan phonology
Chinese	Mandarin Template:Sfnp	lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'sky'	Height varies between mid and open depending on the speaker. See Standard Chinese phonology
Chuvash		ҫепĕç	['ɕɛp̬ɘɕ]	'gentle, tender'
Czech Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'ice'	main}}, open-mid near-front {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} and mid near-front Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Czech phonology
Danish	StandardTemplate:Sfnp Template:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'fresh'	Most often transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Danish phonology
Dutch	StandardTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'bed'	See Dutch phonology
Dutch	The Hague Template:Sfnp	lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'you'	main}} in standard Dutch.
English	General American Template:Sfnp	bed	Template:Audio-IPA	'bed'
	Northern England Template:Sfnp				May be somewhat lowered.Template:Sfnp
	Received Pronunciation Template:Sfnp<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation				CitationClass=web }}</ref> \|\| Older RP speakers pronounce a closer vowel Template:IPAblink. See English phonology
	Younger General Australian speakers				Realization of /e/ due to an ongoing short-front vowel chain shift. See Australian English phonology
	Scottish Template:Sfnp
	Cockney Template:Sfnp	fat	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'fat'
	Singaporean Template:Sfnp
	New Zealand Template:Sfnp				See New Zealand English phonology
	Broad Australian				Realization of /æ/. General Australian speakers realize this vowel as Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink. See Australian English phonology
	Some Broad South African speakersTemplate:Sfnp				Other speakers realize this vowel as Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink. See South African English phonology
	Belfast<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> \|\| days \|\| {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} \|\| 'days' \|\| Pronounced {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} in closed syllables; corresponds to {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} in RP.
	Zulu<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> \|\| mate \|\| {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} \|\| 'mate' \|\| Speakers exhibit a met-mate merger.
Faroese Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'greedy'	See Faroese phonology
French Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'beast'	See French phonology
Galician		lang}}	main}}	'iron'	See Galician phonology
Georgian Template:Sfnp		lang}}/gedi	main}}	'swan'
German	Standard Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp	lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'bed'	Also described as mid Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
	Franconian accentTemplate:Sfnp	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'or'	Used instead of Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
	Coastal Northern accentsTemplate:Sfnp	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'or'
	Swabian accentTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'fat'	Contrasts with the close-mid Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
	Western Swiss accentsTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'lake'	Close-mid Template:IPAblink in other accents; contrasts with the near-open Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
Hindustani	Hindi	lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'to stay'	See Hindustani phonology
Hindustani	Urdu	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'to stay'	See Hindustani phonology
Hungarian		lesz	[ˈlɛsː]	'will be'	Allophone of [æ].
Italian Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'good'	See Italian phonology
Kaingang Template:Sfnp		mbre	main}}	'with'
Korean		lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	main}}	'cicada'	Merged with /e/ for many speakers. See Korean phonology
Kurdish	Kurmanji (Northern)	lang}}	main}}	'seventeen'	See Kurdish phonology
	Sorani (Central)	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}/hevde	main}}
	Pehlewî (Southern)	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}/hevde	main}}
Limburgish Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'cream'	The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect.
Lithuanian		lang}}	main}}	'throw'	See Lithuanian phonology
Lower Sorbian Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'sickle'
Luxembourgish Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'star'	main}} before {{#invoke:IPA\|main}}.Template:Sfnp See Luxembourgish phonology
Macedonian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref>	Standard	lang}}/med	main}}	'honey'	See Macedonian language § Vowels
Malay	Standard	paling	main}}	'to play'	main}} and {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} in closed final syllables. See Malay phonology
	Negeri Sembilan	cepat	main}}	'quick'	See Negeri Sembilan Malay
	Kelatan-Pattani	ayam	main}}	'chicken'	See Kelatan-Pattani
	Terengganu	biasa	main}}	'normal'	See Terengganu Malay
	Perak	mata	main}}	'eye'	See Perak Malay
Norman	Jersey	affaûrder	main}}	'to afford'
Norwegian	Sognamål Template:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'plague'	See Norwegian phonology
Occitan		lang}}	main}}	'Greek'	See Occitan phonology
Polish Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'this one' (nom. m.)	See Polish phonology
Portuguese	Most dialectsTemplate:Sfnp<ref>Variação inter- e intra-dialetal no português brasileiro: um problema para a teoria fonológica – Seung-Hwa LEE & Marco A. de Oliveira Template:Webarchive</ref>	lang}}	main}}	'foot'	Stressed vowel might be lower Template:IPAblink. The presence and use of other unstressed ⟨e⟩ allophones, such as {{#invoke:IPA\|main}}, varies according to dialect.
Portuguese	Some speakers<ref>Lista das marcas dialetais e ouros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP</ref>	lang}}	main}}	'time'	Timbre differences for nasalized vowels are mainly kept in European Portuguese. See Portuguese phonology
Romanian	Transylvanian dialectsTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'(he) sees'	Corresponds to mid Template:IPAblink in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology
Russian Template:Sfnp		lang}}/eto	Template:Audio-IPA	'this'	See Russian phonology
Shiwiar Template:Sfnp		Template:Example needed			main}}.
Slovene		lang}}	main}}	'throw' (n.)	See Slovene phonology
Spanish	Eastern Andalusian Template:Sfnp	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'the mothers'	Corresponds to Template:IPAblink in other dialects, but in these dialects they are distinct. See Spanish phonology
Spanish	Murcian Template:Sfnp	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'the mothers'
Swahili		shule	[ʃulɛ]	'school'
Swedish	Central StandardTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'eat' (imp.)	Somewhat retracted.Template:Sfnp See Swedish phonology
Tagalog		lang}}	main}}	'fake'	See Tagalog phonology
Telugu		చేప	[tʃɛːa]	'Fish'
Telugu		మేక	[mɛːka]	'Goat'
Thai		lang}} / trae	main}}	'horn (instrument)'
Turkish Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'country'	main}} described variously as "word-final"Template:Sfnp and "occurring in final open syllable of a phrase".Template:Sfnp See Turkish phonology
Ukrainian Template:Sfnp		lang}}/den'	main}}	'day'	See Ukrainian phonology
Upper Sorbian Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'calf'
Welsh		nesaf	[nɛsav]	'next'	See Welsh phonology
West Frisian Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'grandma'	See West Frisian phonology
Yoruba Template:Sfnp		ẹsẹ̀	main}}	'leg'