Päijät-Häme

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Päijät-Häme<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}; Template:Langx) is a region in Southern Finland south of the lake Päijänne. It borders the regions of Uusimaa, Kanta-Häme, Pirkanmaa, Central Finland, South Savo and Kymenlaakso. The biggest city in the region is Lahti.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Päijät-Häme boasts a landscape shaped by two key features. Finland's second-largest, Lake Päijänne, dominates the region, offering a vast freshwater expanse and a vital transportation route. The Häme Ridge, a glacial remnant, adds a touch of elevation and scenic variation. Beyond these, Päijät-Häme features extensive coniferous forests. Rolling hills provide scenic views, while numerous smaller lakes and rivers create a network of waterways.<ref name="pjmaisema-page08-09"/>

History

Päijät-Häme's landscape reflects the dramatic retreat of glaciers. The last Ice Age carved the land, leaving ridges (Salpausselkä) and large lakes (Finnish Lakeland). As the ice melted, the Baltic Sea went through various stages, dramatically changing shorelines. Land rose, creating islands and eventually dry land. Human settlement followed the receding water, with the Porvoo River valley being the oldest cultural landscape. Today, Päijät-Häme boasts a unique blend of lakes, ridges, and reminders of its glacial past.<ref name="pjmaisema-page08-09">Template:Cite journal</ref>

After glaciers retreated 11,000 years ago, the first settlers arrived in Päijät-Häme. Birch dominated the initially barren landscape. As the climate warmed, people lived near ancient lakes and bays. By 5100 BC, the Comb Ceramic culture thrived. The arrival of the Battle Axe culture around 3200 BC brought new tools and pottery styles. During the Bronze Age (1900 BC), cremation burials and large stone cairns became common. In the Iron Age, settlements shifted to better farming areas near waterways. Viking raids and unrest marked the later Iron Age. Christianity arrived during the Crusades (1050-1300 AD).<ref name="pjmaisema-page10-11">Template:Cite journal</ref>

By the Middle Ages, villages dotted the shores of waterways and lakes. The 16th century saw a solidification of village life, with the most prominent settlements around Hollola, Lahti, and Nastola. The 1800s brought a boom in agriculture, with cultivated land tripling and industries like flax farming and cattle raising flourishing. Forests were mostly owned by farms, and improved transportation facilitated timber sales. Manor houses played a crucial role in rural life until World War I, with some later being divided into new farms. Today, Päijät-Häme's settlement can be divided into three zones: the sparsely populated eastern area with smaller farms and estates, the more densely populated central region with a strong presence of independent farms, and the sparsely populated north with vast forests. As transportation networks evolved, settlement patterns shifted, with Lahti emerging as the dominant population center.<ref name="pjmaisema-page14-19">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Villages in Päijät-Häme have a long history intertwined with the landscape. Most likely arose around the 16th century, strategically placed near ridges and waterways for easy access to water and fertile land. Water remained the primary mode of transportation for centuries, with some villages even shifting their centers to be closer to navigable routes. The arrival of railways in the 19th century revolutionized transportation, and later road networks further influenced development. Heinola, for example, benefitted from its location near the Kymijoki River, which facilitated industrial growth once railways arrived. This pattern likely mirrored itself across Päijät-Häme during the 1800s and 1900s.<ref name="pjmaisema-page54-59">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Heinola, founded in 1776, became the region's first city in 1839. Industrial areas grew around its center, particularly on the east and south sides. Lahti's story is tied to railways and lakeside industry. It gained market town rights in 1878 and city status in 1905. Factories like sawmills, a pulp mill, and match factories fueled Lahti's expansion. Village churches (kirkonkylät) also saw growth from the 1860s onward, spurred by relaxed land ownership laws. However, rapid expansion in some villages obscured their older features. Lahti housed sawmills, pulp mills, glass factories, and textile producers. Heinola developed sawmills, plywood, and fiberboard factories alongside metalworking. Notably, Hämeenkoski had Finland's first flax cleaning plant built in 1888. Worker housing districts accompanied industrial growth. The passage mentions both early examples and later, larger developments from the post-war period and the 1960s and 70s.<ref name="pjmaisema-page20-21">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Heraldry

Blazon: Azure, a mermaid and in dexter chief a cuckoo close Or. In laymen's terms: The coat of arms sports a depiction of the ancient water goddess Vellamo as a mermaid, with a cuckoo.<ref>Päijät-Häme – Kuntaliitto (in Finnish)</ref><ref>Maakuntatunnukset – Päijät-Hämeen liitto (in Finnish)</ref>

Municipalities

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The region of Päijät-Häme consists of 10 municipalities, two of which have city status (marked in bold).

Sub-regions

Lahti sub-region Template:Columns-start

• File:Asikkala.vaakuna.svg Asikkala
• File:Hartola.vaakuna.svg Hartola (Gustav Adolfs)
• File:Heinola.vaakuna.svg Heinola
• File:Hollola.vaakuna.svg Hollola
• File:Iitti.vaakuna.svg Iitti (Itis)

• File:Kärkölä.vaakuna.svg Kärkölä
• File:Lahti.vaakuna.svg Lahti (Lahtis)
• File:Orimattila.vaakuna.svg Orimattila
• File:Padasjoki.vaakuna.svg Padasjoki
• File:Sysmä.vaakuna.svg Sysmä

Municipalities listed

File:Perunalaatikko.jpg

Imelletty perunalaatikko

Coat of arms	Municipality	Population	Land area (km2)	Density (/km2)	Finnish speakers	Swedish speakers	Other speakers
Coat of arms of Asikkala	Asikkala	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr:Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Hartola	Hartola	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Heinola	Heinola	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Hollola	Hollola	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Iitti	Iitti	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Kärkölä	Kärkölä	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Lahti	Lahti	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Orimattila	Orimattila	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Padasjoki	Padasjoki	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
Coat of arms of Sysmä	Sysmä	Template:Data Finland municipality	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality/Template:Data Finland municipality round 0}}	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 1 }} %	{{#expr:(Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other/Template:Data Finland municipality*100)round 0 }} %
	Total	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality}}	{{#expr: Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipalityround 0}}	{{#expr: (Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count + Template:Data Finland municipality/population count)/(Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area + Template:Data Finland municipality/land area) round 0 }}	{{#expr: (Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish) / (Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality)*100 round 0}} %	{{#expr: (Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish) / (Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality)*100 round 1}} %	{{#expr: (Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other+Template:Data Finland municipality/native language other) / (Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality+Template:Data Finland municipality)*100 round 0}} %

Former municipalities

File:Päijät-Häme 1996.svg

A map of Päijät-Häme in 1996.

• File:Artjärvi.vaakuna.svg Artjärvi (Artsjö)
  • Consolidated with the town of Orimattila in 2011.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• File:Hämeenkoski.vaakuna.svg Hämeenkoski
  • Consolidated with the municipality of Hollola in 2016.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• File:Heinolan.maalaiskunta.vaakuna.svg Heinolan maalaiskunta (Heinola landskommun)
  • Consolidated with the town of Heinola in 1997.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• File:Nastola.vaakuna.svg Nastola
  • Consolidated with the city of Lahti in 2016.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Until 2021, Iitti was part of the Kymenlaakso region before it became part of Päijät-Häme.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Politics

Results of the 2019 Finnish parliamentary election in Päijät-Häme:

• Social Democratic Party 23.28%
• Finns Party 22.10%
• National Coalition Party 19.43%
• Centre Party 9.94%
• Green League 8.82%
• Left Alliance 6.12%
• Christian Democrats 6.12%
• Movement Now 1.64%
• Seven Star Movement 0.40%
• Blue Reform 0.38%
• Swedish People's Party of Finland 0.29%
• Other parties 1.48%

See also

• Kajaanselkä Basin
• Kymi River
• Lake Vesijärvi

Gallery

• Hollola church interior.jpg

  Medieval church in Hollola

• Lahti view 2.jpg

  A view of Lahti centre

• Päijänne and päijätsalo.jpg

  Lake Päijänne in Sysmä

• Heinola.jpg

  Heinola town centre

• Lahti-kauppatori-kaupungintalo.jpg

  Lahti Market Place with the City Hall by Eliel Saarinen in the background

• Vääksy - harbour.jpg

  Harbour in Vääksy, Asikkala

• Virenoja koski.jpg

  Virenoja Rapids and ruins of an old mill, Orimattila

• Hartola church.jpg

  Hartola Church

• Radio masts.Lahti.1928.20060205 PM.jpg

  The radio masts in Lahti, symbols for the city

• Vaaksynkanava.jpg

  Vääksy Canal, Asikkala

• Heinamaa3.jpg

  Rural landscape in Orimattila

• Nastola kirkko5.jpg

  Nastola Church

• Field in Kärkölä.jpg

  Rural landscape in Kärkölä

• Tähtiniemen silta.JPG

  The Tähtiniemi Bridge in Heinola

• Lahti Sibelius Hall.JPG

  The celebrated Sibelius Hall is the heart of Lahti's cultural life

• Salpausselkä 03.jpg

  Ski jumping hills in Lahti; also a venue for Ski Jumping WC

• Pirunpesä rock cleft.jpg

  A rock cleft in Hollola

• Kärkölä church.jpg

  The Gothic Revival church in Kärkölä

• Vesijärvi from Asikkala.jpg

  Lake Vesijärvi in Asikkala

• Windmill in Hartola.jpg

  A windmill in Hartola

• Kakela1.jpg

  A typical traditional Tavastian village view, Orimattila

• Municipal house.20051010 PM.hollola of finland.ojp.jpg

  National romantic municipal house in Hollola

• Lahti - Harjukatu 2.jpg

  Architecture in Lahti

• PyhäniemiManor.jpg

  Pyhäniemi Manor, Hollola

• Vääksynjoki2.jpg

  An old mill at River Vääksynjoki, Asikkala

• KymiRing - June 2018 - 04.jpg

  Kymi Ring, a motor racing circuit in Kausala, Iitti

External links

• The Regional Council of Päijät-Häme

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