Pan-African colours

File:Flag of Ethiopia (1975–1987).svg

The traditional flag of Ethiopia, the colours of which have been adopted by numerous pan-African groups.

Template:Pan-African Pan-African colours is a term that may refer to two different sets of colours:

Green, yellow and red, the colours of the flag of Ethiopia, have come to represent the pan-Africanist ideology due to the country's history of having avoided being taken over by a colonial power. Numerous African countries have adopted the colours into their national flags, and they are similarly used as a symbol by many Pan-African organisations and the Rastafari movement.
Red, black, and green, first introduced by Marcus Garvey in 1920, have also come to represent Pan-Africanism, and are shown on the pan-African flag. These colours have also been incorporated on national flags, and they have sometimes been used to represent black nationalism rather than Pan-Africanism.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Green-yellow-redEdit

Green, yellow, and red are now found on the national flags of many African nations. The colour combination was borrowed from the flag of Ethiopia.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Ethiopian flag has influenced the flags of many Pan-African organizations and polities. Except for relatively brief periods of influence and occupation by the Kingdom of Italy, Ethiopia remained outside European control during the colonial era by defeating the Italian army at the battle of Adwa in 1896, ending the Italian protectorate. As a result, the country drew the admiration of many newly independent states in Africa. The adoption of the Ethiopian national colours by many Pan-African entities is a consequence of this. The first African state to adopt a gold, red and green flag upon independence was Ghana in 1957, designed by Theodosia Okoh.<ref>"Mrs Theodosia Okoh: The Woman Who Designed The Ghanaian Flag", African Celebs.</ref><ref>Mrs. Theodosia Salome Okoh Profile at GhanaWeb.</ref> Template:Pan-African

Red-black-greenEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA) founded by Marcus Garvey has a constitution that defines red, black, and green as the Pan-African colours: "red representing the noble blood that unites all people of African ancestry, the colour black for the people, green for the rich land of Africa."Template:Citation needed The UNIA flag was designated the official colours of Black Africans by the UNIA at its convention in Madison Square Garden on August 13, 1920, in New York City, United States.

Flags with Pan-African coloursEdit

Current country flags with the Pan-African symbolismEdit

The following are countries and territories that use one or both sets of Pan-African colours in their official flags:

Flag of Benin.svg
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Flag of Burkina Faso.svg
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Flag of Cameroon.svg
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Flag of the Central African Republic.svg
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Flag of Chad.svg
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Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg
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Flag of Ghana.svg
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Flag of Guinea.svg
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Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg
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Flag of Mali.svg
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Flag of Senegal.svg
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Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg
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Flag of Togo.svg
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Non-national flagsEdit

Flag of the African National Congress.svg
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African America Flag.svg
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MNLA flag.svg
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Flag of Darfur.svg
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Flag of the Union of African States (1958-1961).svg
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Flag of the Union of African States (1961-1962).svg
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Flag of the Rwandan Democratic Movement.svg
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Flag of the Republic of New Afrika.svg
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Former flags with pan-African coloursEdit

Flag of Cape Verde (1975-1992).svg
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Flag of Malawi (2010-2012).svg
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Flag of Rwanda (1962-2001).svg
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Flag of South Kasai.svg
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Flag of Zaire (1971–1997).svg
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Flag of Tanganyika (1961–1964).svg

Flag of Tanganyika (1961–1964)
Flag of Senegal (1958–1959).svg

Flag of Senegal (1958–1959)

Non pan-African flags with pan-African coloursEdit

Although the following flags contain a pan-African colour scheme, they were not officially designed to symbolise pan-Africanism. The designs may or may not be influenced by pan-African colours.

Rastafari colours also originate from the Ethiopian flag, but though Rastafari thought harbours pan-African sympathies, its use of the Ethiopian flag is historically rooted in the veneration of former Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie.

Australian Aboriginal Flag.svg
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Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg
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Flag of Angola.svg
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Flag of Biafra.svg
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Flag of Bolivia (state).svg
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Flag of Burma 1943.svg
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Flag of the Comoros.svg
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Flag of Eritrea.svg
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Flag of Ethiopia.svg
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Flag of Ethiopia (1897-1936; 1941-1974).svg
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Flag of French Guiana.svg
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Flag of Grenada.svg
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Flag of Guyana.svg
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Flag of Jamaica.svg
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Flag of Kenya.svg
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Flag of Lithuania.svg
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Flag of Libya.svg
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Flag of Malawi.svg
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Flag of Haiti (1964-1986).svg
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Flag of the Helvetic Republic (German).svg

Helvetic Republic(1798–1803)
Flag of Martinique.svg
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Flag of Mauritania.svg
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Flag of Mauritius.svg
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Flag of Mozambique.svg
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Flag of Myanmar.svg
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Flag of Namibia.svg
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Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg
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Flag of Portugal.svg
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Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg
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Flag of South Africa.svg
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Flag of South Sudan.svg
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Flag of Tajikistan.svg
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Flag of Uganda.svg
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Flag of Vanuatu.svg
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Flag of Zambia.svg
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Flag of Zimbabwe.svg
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ReferencesEdit

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Znamierowski, Alfred (2001). The World Encyclopedia of Flags: The Definitive Guide to International Flags, Banners, Standards and Ensigns. London: Anness Publishing.

Template:Vexillology Template:Pan-Africanism