Phosphoprotein

File:Phosporylation of a serine residue, before and after shot.png

Serine in an amino acid chain, before and after phosphorylation.

A phosphoprotein is a protein that is posttranslationally modified by the attachment of either a single phosphate group, or a complex molecule such as 5'-phospho-DNA, through a phosphate group. The target amino acid is most often serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues (mostly in eukaryotes), or aspartic acid or histidine residues (mostly in prokaryotes).<ref>Keyword - Phosphoprotein</ref>

Biological function

The phosphorylation of proteins is a major regulatory mechanism in cells.<ref name=EV/><ref name="Cozzon_1988">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Clinical significance

Phosphoproteins have been proposed as biomarkers for breast cancer.<ref name=LB>Liquid Biopsy Could Get Boost from Phosphoproteins. 2017</ref><ref name=EV>Phosphoproteins in extracellular vesicles as candidate markers for breast cancer</ref>

See also

• Protein phosphorylation
• Phosphoserine

References

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