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File:NETHERWOOD STATION, UNION COUNTY, NJ.jpg
Netherwood station on the Raritan Valley Line to Newark/New York, one of two train stations in Plainfield

Plainfield is a city in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Nicknamed "The Queen City",<ref name=Queen>About, City of Plainfield. Accessed December 29, 2021. "Plainfield Is Nicknamed 'The Queen City.'"</ref> it serves as both a regional hub for Central New Jersey and a bedroom suburb of the New York Metropolitan area, located in the Raritan Valley region. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population, majority Latino for the first time, was 54,586.<ref name=Census2020/><ref name=LWD2020/> This was an increase of 4,778 (+9.6%) from the 2010 census count of 49,808,<ref name=Census2010/><ref name=LWD2010/> which in turn reflected an increase of 1,979 (+4.1%) from the 47,829 counted in the 2000 census.<ref name=Census2010XLS>Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.</ref> In 2023, the Census Bureau estimated the city's population to be 54,670.<ref name=PopEst/>

The area of present-day Plainfield was originally formed as Plainfield Township, a township that was created on April 5, 1847, from portions of Westfield Township, while the area was still part of Essex County. On March 19, 1857, Plainfield Township became part of the newly created Union County.<ref name=Story/>

Plainfield was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 21, 1869, from portions of Plainfield Township, based on the results of a referendum held that same day. The city and township coexisted until March 6, 1878, when Plainfield Township was dissolved and parts were absorbed by Plainfield city, with the remainder becoming Fanwood Township (now known as Scotch Plains).<ref name=Story>Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 240. Accessed May 30, 2024.</ref>

The name "Plainfield", also used in both North Plainfield and South Plainfield, is derived from a local estate<ref>Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 20, 2015.</ref> or from its scenic location.<ref>Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States, p. 247. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed September 11, 2015.</ref>

HistoryEdit

Plainfield was settled in 1684 by Quakers,<ref>Dudley, William L. "Friendly Families: The Shotwells", in The Story of the Friends in Plainfield Including A History of Early Quaker Families, Rahway & Plainfield Friends (Quaker) Meeting, March 29, 1929. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref> and incorporated as a city in 1869. Formerly a bedroom suburb in the New York metropolitan area, it has become the urban center of 10 closely allied municipalities, with diversified industries, including printing and the manufacture of chemicals, clothing, electronic equipment, and vehicular parts. Among the several 18th-century buildings remaining are a Friends' meetinghouse (1788),<ref>Nutt, Bill. "Plainfield places", Courier News, September 3, 2003. Accessed July 11, 2013. "The Society of Friends Meeting House, an apparently unassuming structure on Watchung Avenue in the North Avenue Commercial Historic District, is the oldest continuously used house of worship in the city."</ref> the Martine house (1717), and the Nathaniel Drake House (1746), known as George Washington's headquarters during the Battle of Short Hills in June 1777.<ref>Nathaniel Drake House Template:Webarchive, Connolly & Hickey Historical Architects. Accessed July 11, 2013. "The Nathaniel Drake House was constructed for Nathaniel Drake and his new wife circa 1746, and remained in the Drake family until c. 1860 when Daniel Drake sold the property to John S. Harberger of New York City.... The Nathaniel Drake House is significant for its architecture and how the evolution of the building reflects the changes within Plainfield from an early colonial settlement to a modern suburb, its association with the Drake family, who were prominent early settlers in the region, as well as its association with General George Washington during the Battle of Short Hills."</ref><ref>Home Page, Drake House Museum. Accessed July 11, 2013. "It was at the Drake House that George Washington consulted with his officers during and after the Battle of Short Hills fought over the entire Plainfield area on June 25–27, 1777."</ref> Nearby Washington Rock is a prominent point of the Watchung Mountains and is reputed to be the vantage point from which Washington watched British troop movements.<ref>Washington Rock State Park, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Accessed July 11, 2013.</ref><ref>Washington Rock Template:Webarchive, Drake House Museum. Accessed July 11, 2013.</ref>

The "Queen City" moniker arose in the second half of the 19th century. Plainfield had been developing a reputation during this period as featuring a climate that was beneficial for respiratory ailments. In 1886, in an effort to publicize the climate, local newspaper publisher Thomas W. Morrison began to use the slogan "Colorado of the East" to promote Plainfield. As Denver, Colorado, was known as the "Queen City of the Plains," the slogan for Plainfield eventually became abbreviated to "The Queen City."<ref>Plainfield, Past and Present, WestfieldNJ.com. Accessed August 26, 2018.</ref><ref>Staff. loindex.ssf/2012/04/1940_census_release_causes_cra.html "1940 census release causes a craze among geneaologists, offers a peek into the past", The Star-Ledger, April 3, 2012. Accessed August 26, 2018. "In the 19th century Plainfield was called the 'Colorado of the East,' and as the sister city of Denver, which was known as the 'Queen City of the Plains,' was known simply as 'Queen City.'"</ref>

In 1902, the New Jersey Legislature approved measures that would have allowed the borough of North Plainfield to become part of Union County (a measure repealed in 1903) and to allow for a merger of North Plainfield with the City of Plainfield subject to the approval of a referendum by voters in both municipalities.<ref>Honeyman, Abraham Van Doren. Index-analysis of the Statutes of New Jersey, 1896-1909: Together with References to All Acts, and Parts of Acts, in the 'General Statutes' and Pamphlet Laws Expressly Repealed : and the Statutory Crimes of New Jersey During the Same Period, p. 208. New Jersey Law Journal Publishing Company, 1910. Accessed September 20, 2015.</ref><ref>Staff. "North Plainfield Annexation Bills.", The New York Times, April 15, 1902. Accessed August 26, 2018.</ref>

Plainfield is the birthplace of P-Funk. George Clinton founded The Parliaments while working in a Plainfield barber shop. Parliament-Funkadelic was inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997. Plainfield has been home to former New Jersey governor James McGreevey.<ref name=McGreevey/>

In sports history, Plainfield is the birthplace and/or home of several current and former athletes, including professionals and well-known amateurs. Included in their number are Milt Campbell, the 1956 Olympic Decathlon gold medalist (the first African-American to earn this title),<ref name=Campbell/> Joe Black, the first African-American pitcher to win a World Series game, Jeff Torborg, former MLB player, coach and manager, former Duke University and Chicago Bull basketball player Jay Williams, and Vic Washington, NFL player.<ref name=Black/>

Plainfield's history as a place to call home for the 19th and 20th century wealthy has led to a significant and preserved suburban architectural legacy. An influx of Wall Street money led to the creation of what was called Millionaires' Row after the opening of the railway in the 19th century.<ref name="njmonthly">Payne, Lauren. "History Lesson: Preserving An AchitecturalTemplate:Sic Treasure in Plainfield A Plainfield couple prove that preserving an architectural treasure—while challenging, time-consuming and, yes, costly—is well worth the effort.", New Jersey Monthly, October 16, 2012. Accessed March 3, 2020.</ref>

There are numerous sites, including homes, parks, and districts in the city that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. While not listed, the Plainfield Armory, a prominent landmark completed in 1932, was sold by the state in 2013 as surplus property.<ref>The Plainfield Armory Template:Webarchive, The New Jersey Naval Militia Foundation. Accessed July 11, 2013. "The armory at Plainfield was constructed between 1931 and 1932 to house the Headquarters Company of the 44th Division."</ref>

Plainfield's wealthy northeast corner, known as the "Sleepy Hollow" section of the city, was and still is characterized by its array of finely landscaped streets and neighborhoods with homes defined by a broad array of architectural styles, most built during the first half of the twentieth century. From the tree-lines neighborhoods, it can be seen that the lot sizes vary, but the stateliness and distinction of each house is evident, whether a stately Queen Anne mansion or gingerbread cottage. Most lots are nicely landscaped and semi or fully private.<ref>Cheslow, Jerry. "If You're Thinking of Living in: Plainfield", The New York Times, May 9, 1993. Accessed July 29, 2016. "Although some neighborhoods, such as the Sleepy Hollow area on the east side of town, with its winding, tree-lined streets and large, custom houses, remain well-manicured, many formerly gracious streets near the center of town, like West Fourth, are blighted, with boarded-up buildings and shards of auto glass on the streets."</ref>

Plainfield was affected by the Plainfield Rebellion in July 1967. This civil disturbance occurred in the wake of the larger Newark riots. A Plainfield police officer was killed, about fifty people were injured, and several hundred thousand dollars of property was damaged by looting and arson. The New Jersey National Guard restored order after three days of unrest.<ref name="Riot">"Plainfield Burning: Black Rebellion in the Suburban North", Thomas J. Sugrue and Andrew M. Goodman, Journal of Urban History, vol. 33 (May 2007), pp. 368–401.</ref> This civil unrest caused a massive white flight, characterized by the percentage of Black residents rising from 40% in 1970 to 60% a decade later.<ref>Dreier, Peter. "Riot and Reunion: Forty Years Later", The Nation, July 30, 2007. Accessed April 10, 2012. "In 1971, after more protests and litigation, the school district initiated a desegregation plan. But because white flight had dramatically accelerated, real school integration between Blacks and whites was difficult to achieve. Between 1970 and 1980, blacks' share of Plainfield's population grew from 40 percent to 60 percent."</ref>

Author and Plainfield native Isaiah Tremaine published Insurrection in 2017 as a mournful accounting of the Plainfield riots—and subsequent racial tensions at Plainfield High School—from his perspective as a Black teenager living in the city with both white and Black friends at the time.<ref>Tremaine, Isaiah; and Pottackal, Joseph. "Recalling the 1967 Plainfield riots", Courier News, July 16, 2017. Accessed April 25, 2021.</ref><ref name="isaiahtremainebooks">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Prior to the rebellion, Plainfield was a regional shopping and entertainment center. Residents of nearby Union, Middlesex and Somerset counties would drive to shop and explore the business districts of Plainfield. Other than during the holidays, peak shopping times Plainfield were Thursday nights and Saturday, when Front Street and the areas around it bustled.<ref>Id.</ref>

Plainfield had several entertainment venues at that time. At the peak, there were four operating movie theaters: the Strand, the Liberty, the Paramount and the Oxford theaters.

Manufacturers of heavy goods included Chelsea Fan Corp., Mack Truck and National Starch and Chemical Corp. Plainfield Iron and Metal maintained a large scrapyard in the West End.

GeographyEdit

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of Template:Convert, including Template:Convert of land and Template:Convert of water (0.15%).<ref name=CensusArea/><ref name=GR1 />

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the city include Netherwood.<ref>Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.</ref>

The city is located in Central Jersey on the southwestern edge of Union County and is bordered by nine municipalities. In Union County are Scotch Plains to the north and east and Fanwood to the northeast. In Middlesex County, are South Plainfield and Piscataway to the south; Dunellen to the southwest and Edison to the southeast. In Somerset County, Green Brook Township lies to the northwest, North Plainfield lies to the north and Watchung borders to the northwest.<ref>Areas touching Plainfield, MapIt. Accessed March 3, 2020.</ref><ref>Union County Municipal Profiles, Union County, New Jersey. Accessed March 3, 2020.</ref><ref>New Jersey Municipal Boundaries, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed November 15, 2019.</ref>

Plainfield is in the Raritan Valley, a line of cities in central New Jersey, and lies on the east side of the Raritan Valley along with Edison.

The Robinson's Branch of the Rahway River additionally flows through Plainfield en route to the Robinson's Branch Reservoir.

ClimateEdit

Plainfield has a humid continental climate, characterized by brisk to cold winters and hot, muggy summers. The lowest temperature ever recorded was Template:Convert on February 9, 1934, and the highest temperature ever recorded was Template:Convert on July 10, 1936, and August 11, 1949.<ref name=NOAA>NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data Template:Webarchive, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Accessed March 2, 2012.</ref> According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Plainfield has a humid subtropical climate, which is abbreviated as "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>Plainfield, New Jersey, Weatherbase. Accessed April 25, 2021. "Köppen Classification: Humid Subtropical Climate"</ref> Template:Weather box

DemographicsEdit

Plainfield has seen a rapid rise in its Latino community in recent decades. The city's population is now majority Hispanic for the first time, as of the 2020 census. Template:US Census population

2020 censusEdit

Plainfield city, New Jersey – Racial and ethnic composition
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% 1990 % 2000 % 2010 Template:Partial
White alone (NH) 9,140 5,508 4,139 3,383 19.63% 11.52% 8.31% 6.20%
Black or African American alone (NH) 29,641 28,698 24,069 19,034 63.65% 60.00% 48.32% 34.87%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 203 91 97 104 0.44% 0.19% 0.19% 0.19%
Asian alone (NH) 419 428 439 500 0.90% 0.89% 0.88% 0.92%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) N/A 31 18 8 N/A 0.06% 0.04% 0.01%
Other Race alone (NH) 168 120 192 634 0.36% 0.25% 0.39% 1.16%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) N/A 920 749 1,131 N/A 1.92% 1.50% 2.07%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 6,996 12,033 20,105 29,792 15.02% 25.16% 40.37% 54.58%
Total 46,567 47,829 49,808 54,586 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 censusEdit

The 2010 United States census counted 49,808 people, 15,180 households, and 10,884 families in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 16,621 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup was 23.54% (11,724) White, 50.20% (25,006) Black or African American, 0.91% (455) Native American, 0.95% (474) Asian, 0.05% (26) Pacific Islander, 20.13% (10,024) from other races, and 4.21% (2,099) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 40.37% (20,105) of the population.<ref name=Census2010/>

Of the 15,180 households, 35.2% had children under the age of 18; 37.9% were married couples living together; 24.1% had a female householder with no husband present and 28.3% were non-families. Of all households, 21.3% were made up of individuals and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.23 and the average family size was 3.60.<ref name=Census2010/>

25.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.3 years. For every 100 females, the population had 101.3 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 100.4 males.<ref name=Census2010/>

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $52,056 (with a margin of error of +/− $3,048) and the median family income was $58,942 (+/− $4,261). Males had a median income of $33,306 (+/− $4,132) versus $37,265 (+/− $3,034) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $23,767 (+/− $1,013). About 12.2% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.5% of those under age 18 and 16.0% of those age 65 or over.<ref>DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Plainfield city, Union County, New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed April 10, 2012.</ref>

2000 censusEdit

As of the 2000 United States census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 47,829 people, 15,137 households, and 10,898 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 16,180 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 21.45% White, 61.78% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.93% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 10.78% from other races, and 4.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 25.16% of the population.<ref name=Census2000>Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Plainfield city, New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 6, 2012.</ref><ref name=Census2000SF1>DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Plainfield city, Union County, New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 6, 2012.</ref>

There were 15,137 households, out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 24.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.49.<ref name=Census2000/><ref name=Census2000SF1/>

In the city the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 32.6% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.<ref name=Census2000/><ref name=Census2000SF1/>

The median income for a household in the city was $46,683, and the median income for a family was $50,774. Males had a median income of $33,460 versus $30,408 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,052. About 12.2% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.3% of those under age 18 and 12.6% of those age 65 or over.<ref name=Census2000/><ref name=Census2000SF1/>

EconomyEdit

File:Antique Castle (WT Orville House); Plainfield, NJ.jpg
Orville Taylor Waring House; Plainfield, NJ

Portions of Plainfield are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone. The city was selected in 1983 as one of the initial group of 10 zones chosen to participate in the program.<ref>Urban Enterprise Zone Tax Questions and Answers, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, May 2009. Accessed October 28, 2019. "The Urban Enterprise Zone Program (UEZ) was enacted in 1983. It authorized the designation of ten zones by the New Jersey Urban Enterprise Zone Authority: Camden, Newark, Bridgeton, Trenton, Plainfield, Elizabeth, Jersey City, Kearny, Orange and Millville/Vineland (joint zone)."</ref> In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate (half of the Template:Frac% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.<ref>Urban Enterprise Zone Program, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed October 27, 2019. "Businesses participating in the UEZ Program can charge half the standard sales tax rate on certain purchases, currently 3.3125% effective 1/1/2018"</ref> Established in January 1986, the city's Urban Enterprise Zone status expires in December 2023.<ref>Urban Enterprise Zone Effective and Expiration Dates, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed January 8, 2018.</ref>

The UEZ program in Plainfield and four other original UEZ cities had been allowed to lapse as of January 1, 2017, after Governor Chris Christie, who called the program an "abject failure", vetoed a compromise bill that would have extended the status for two years.<ref>Racioppi, Dustin. "Christie vetoes urban enterprise zone extension", The Record, February 10, 2017. Accessed November 19, 2019. "Gov. Chris Christie on Friday conditionally vetoed the Legislature's attempt to extend the Urban Enterprise Zone status for its five charter communities, calling the economic revitalization program an 'abject failure' with a 'devastating impact' on state revenue.... The Legislature returned with what it called a compromise bill, A-4189, to extend the designation for two years instead of 10 for the first five UEZs – Bridgeton, Camden, Newark, Plainfield and Trenton – which expired on Jan. 1."</ref> In May 2018, Governor Phil Murphy signed a law that reinstated the program in these five cities and extended the expiration date in other zones.<ref>"Notice: Law Reinstates Five Urban Enterprise Zones And Also Extends The Expiration Date Of 12 Other UEZs", New Jersey Department of the Treasury Division of Taxation, May 30, 2018. Accessed November 19, 2019. "On May 30, 2018, Governor Murphy signed Senate Bill 846 (A3549). The law reinstated five expired Urban Enterprise Zones (UEZs). If your business is located in one of these zones, you may file an application to establish qualified business status. (Past certifications are no longer valid in these five zones). The five UEZs are in: *Bridgeton *Camden *Newark *Plainfield *Trenton. The UEZs in the five locations listed above expire on December 31, 2023."</ref>

Downtown Plainfield has two historic commercial districts: the North Avenue Commercial District and the Plainfield Civic District. Both are on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref>Historic Districts Template:Webarchive, Downtown Plainfield Alliance. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref>

  • The North Avenue Commercial District features the Downtown train station, post office, and Plainfield National Bank (now PNC Bank). The architecture of the district reflects original exterior 19th and early 20th century façade architecture.
  • The Plainfield Civic District features architecture reflective of the turn-of-the-century City Beautiful Movement, including the City Hall building, YMCA, City Hall Annex, and World War I monument on Watchung Avenue.

Events such as the Christmas Tree Lighting, the Queen City 5k, Fire Safety Fair, and Mayor's Wellness Walk take place in the Downtown each year.<ref name="downtownplainfield"/>

Downtown Plainfield Alliance (DPA) is a "nonpolitical, nonprofit grassroots group that supports the improvement of Downtown Plainfield through beautification, volunteerism, economic development, marketing, community development, and activism."<ref name="downtownplainfield">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Historic districtsEdit

The restoration of large 19th century-era Plainfield estates to their original glory, such as the Craig Marsh home, has been featured in various home design magazine coverage.<ref>Coleman, Brian D. "Rich Rewards for a Labor of Love; Hard to believe this house had been cut up into four shabby apartments, or the woodwork painted industrial green and the verandah enclosed with aluminum siding and jalousie windows. Then there were the structural problems." Template:Webarchive, The Old-House Journal, July 2, 2015. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref><ref>Payne, Lauren. "History Lesson: Preserving An Architectural Treasure in Plainfield; A Plainfield couple prove that preserving an architectural treasure—while challenging, time-consuming and, yes, costly—is well worth the effort.", New Jersey Monthly, October 16, 2012. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref><ref>Jackson, Kimberly L. "This old house: Restoring homes and building community in Plainfield's Van Wyck Brooks Historic District", The Star-Ledger, September 21, 2012. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref> Residential districts include:

  • Van Wyck Brooks Historic District, which includes more than 150 properties, was listed in This Old House magazine's 2012 list of "Best Old House Neighborhoods." Roughly bounded by Plainfield Avenue, West Eighth Street, Park Avenue, West Ninth Street and Madison Avenue, and Randolph Road, it was named for literary critic and native son Van Wyck Brooks.<ref name="vwbhd">Our History, The Van Wyck Brooks Historic District. Accessed April 25, 2021. "Van Wyck Brooks Historic District is the largest of the six residential Historic Districts in Plainfield and encompasses 152 properties.... In 1982 the Van Wyck Brooks Historic District was designated by the City of Plainfield as a Historic District and placed on the National Register in 1986."</ref> In addition to the above-mentioned Craig Marsh home, it also contains the largest residence in Plainfield (The Coriell Mansion) and a wide variety of other historically and architecturally notable homes. The Van Wyck Brooks Historic District is the largest of the six residential Historic Districts in Plainfield, its oldest structure the Manning Stelle Farmhouse, parts of which date back to 1803. It has been a designated historic district by the City of Plainfield since 1982, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.<ref>Template:NRISref</ref>
  • Netherwood Heights Historic District is named for the Netherwood Hotel which stood at what is now the blocks bordered by Denmark Road, Park Terrace, Belvidere Avenue, Berkeley Avenue. This district is located near the Netherwood Train Station<ref name="drakehouseplainfieldnj">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="plainfieldnj">Do I live in a Historic District? Template:Webarchive, City of Plainfield. Accessed May 13, 2020.</ref>

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The West EndEdit

While the more affluent eastern part of the city has been relatively integrated over the decades, with both Black and white upper-middle-class-to-wealthy families, the West End of Plainfield is the historically middle-class and working-class Black district in the city and features a close-knit African-American community.<ref>Lisick, Michael J. Bamberger's: New Jersey's Greatest Store (2016).</ref>

Part of the West End is known to locals as Soulville.<ref>Plainfield Ponders the Legacy of Its Own Bloody '67 Riots https://nyti.ms/2pH3qeP</ref><ref>Deak, Mike. '50 years in Plainfield's history: From devastating riots to long-awaited rebirth", Courier News, July 16, 2017. Accessed March 3, 2020. "Appliances stolen from a store became barricades to block outsiders from entering a part of the West End now called 'Soulville.'"</ref>

Mount Olive Baptist Church has been serving the West End as a community of faith since 1870. It is considered Plainfield's first Black church.<ref name="plainfieldlibrary">Mount Olive Baptist Church, Plainfield Public Library. Accessed March 3, 2020. "Mount Olive Baptist Church was organized in 1870 and groundbreaking for what was to be Plainfield's first Black church occurred on March 1, 1871, at the intersection of Third and Liberty streets."</ref> As the Black community grew, other congregations branched off from Mount Olive.

Calvary Baptist Church began in 1897 among a group of Black congregants from Mount Olive, and celebrated its 120th anniversary in 2017 with a series of events.<ref name="tapinto">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="wordpress">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="plainfieldlibrary2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Nearby, Shiloh Baptist Church was founded in 1908, also by Mount Olive congregants, and offers many faith-based events to the community, including its Jazz for Jesus program.<ref name="plainfieldlibrary3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The West End has been eyed recently for redevelopment.<ref name="tapinto2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="blogspot2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="goo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The White Star, a diner in the West End on West Front Street near Green Brook Park, has been an area meeting spot and landmark for over half a century.<ref name="mycentraljersey2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="goo2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The West End has grown more Latino in recent years. As of the 2020 census, 51% of all people living in Plainfield were of Hispanic origin.<ref name=Census2020/> This was up from 25% in 2000<ref name=Census2000/> and 40% in 2010.<ref name=Census2010/>

In his book Insurrection, Isaiah Tremaine, a Black Plainfield native, credits the influx of Latinos for breathing new life and energy into a city hurting from racism and racial strife in the 1970s.Template:Citation needed

Parliament-Funkadelic WayEdit

The West End was once home to the Silk Palace, a barbershop at 216 Plainfield Avenue owned in part by funk music legend George Clinton, staffed by various members of Parliament-Funkadelic, and known as the "hangout for all the local singers and musicians" in Plainfield's 1950s and 1960s doo-wop, soul, rock and proto-funk music scene.<ref>George Clinton And Killer Mike: Talking (Barber) Shop https://n.pr/2pRRTH9</ref><ref>Sammy Campbell and the Del Larks - Classic Urban Harmony. classicurbanharmony.net/wp-content/uploads/.../Sammy-Campbell-The-Del-Larks.pdf by T Ashley. The story of the Del Larks revolves around the extensive music careers of two individuals; Sammy. Campbell and Ron Taylor.</ref><ref>Krehbiel, Jeff. "George Clinton and the Parliaments – (Part One of Two)" Template:Webarchive, Rock 'N' Roll Spotlight, December 3, 2015. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref>

In 2022, the city of Plainfield renamed a section of Plainfield Avenue, from its intersection with Front Street to its intersection with West Fifth Street, as "Parliament Funkadelic Way" in honor of its musical history.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

LBGTQ+ communityEdit

A sizable and diverse LGBTQ+ community contributes to the long-time perception of Plainfield as a stronghold of gay life and gay community in the suburbs of New Jersey.Template:Citation needed

Plainfield has one of the highest percentage of same-sex householders in the state of New Jersey.<ref name="nj">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="tapinto3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The First Unitarian Society of Plainfield, the oldest such congregation in the United States, is certified as LGBTQ welcoming.

In 1986, The New York Times reported on what was termed at the time as the "growing homosexual population in Plainfield" drawn to the stock of aging Victorian, Tudor and colonial homes, and featured interviews with various gay men who lived in Plainfield and worked in Manhattan.<ref>Norman, Michael. "Suburbs Are A Magnet To Many Homosexuals", The New York Times, February 11, 1986. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref>

One of the Queen City's elected leaders, former Councilwoman Rebecca Williams (who now represents all of Union County a county commissioner), is openly lesbian. In 2017, as Council President, Williams organized and hosted the city's first-ever Pride flag-raising during Pride Month.<ref>Plainfield to hold LGBT flag day to reflect on Orlando massacre http://mycj.co/2spLMit via @MyCentralJersey</ref><ref>N.J. cardinal offers historic welcome to LGBT community | Faith Matters http://s.nj.com/8iYbALV Template:Webarchive</ref><ref>As Church Shifts, a Cardinal Welcomes Gays; They Embrace a 'Miracle' https://nyti.ms/2siTfiq</ref>

In 2015, an openly gay Plainfield Republican ran for state Assemblyman.<ref>Mooney, John. "Five Questions with... William H. Michelson", TAP into Plainfield, October 22, 2015. Accessed December 25, 2022. "I have been a prominent member of Plainfield's LGBT community for almost 30 years. It would be the first time one of this community got to represent it in Trenton. I would be only the third openly gay Assemblyman, and the first who is a Republican."</ref>

Plainfield has been home to openly gay former New Jersey governor James McGreevey and his longtime partner, an Australian-American business executive.<ref name=McGreevey/>

Plainfield is also at the center of gay life in Union County, which hosts LGBTQ family events and opened the state's first county-wide office of LGBTQ services in 2018.<ref>This LGBTQ office is first of its kind in N.J. http://s.nj.com/cKoLVhZ Template:Webarchive</ref>

File:724 Park Avenue, Plainfield, NJ.jpg
The Plainfield Performing Arts Center, which opened in 2019, is an arts center inside a former church built in 1892. Formerly All Souls Church, it was the home of the LGBT-welcoming First Unitarian Society of Plainfield, which donated the former church to become an arts center and moved its weekly services to a Fanwood church.

Tëmike Park is an LGBTQ+ welcoming space in Cedar Brook Park in Plainfield between Stelle Avenue and Randolph Road. It is named for a Lenape-language expression of welcome.<ref name="auto">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Arts and cultureEdit

  • The Queen City Film Festival is held in the city every fall to honor independently produced film.<ref>About, Queen City Film Festival. Accessed July 30, 2023.</ref>
  • Plainfield is the birthplace of Bill Evans, the famous jazz piano artist.
File:Swains Galleries; Crescent Area HD; Plainfield, NJ.jpg
The Swain Galleries in the Crescent Area Historic District
File:1030 Central Avenue, Plainfield, NJ.jpg
The duCret Art School is the oldest art school in New Jersey

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  • The Plainfield Symphony performs concerts at Crescent Avenue Presbyterian Church. The orchestra was founded in 1919, making it one of the oldest continuously operating orchestras in the United States.<ref>Staff. "Plainfield Symphony to perform Nov. 5; teen pianist Justin Wong to be featured", Independent Press, September 25, 2011. Accessed April 10, 2012. "The Plainfield Symphony, established in 1919, is New Jersey's oldest community symphony and the third oldest in the country."</ref>
  • 1990s R&B girl group Total, of Bad Boy Records fame, is from Plainfield.<ref>Pamela Long (From Total) Talks Solo Debut Album Undeniable, Group Origins (Exclusive Interview), YouKnowIGotSoul.com, January 27, 2011. Accessed October 1, 2022. "Pamela Long: We're actually are all Jersey Girls, Kima and Keisha are actually from Plainfield, New Jersey, and I'm from Edison, so what it is was that Kima and Keisha were a group already, and they were actually looking for a third member."</ref>
File:Total at Legends of Bad Boy 2014.jpg
Plainfield's Total performing at Legends of Bad Boy in 2014
  • In October 2010, former Plainfield music teacher and American Idol alum Anwar Robinson and performer Yolanda Adams joined with community residents to try to be recognized by Guinness World Records for assembling the world's largest gospel chorus.<ref>Calefati, Jessica. "Plainfield residents attempt to break world record for largest gospel choir", The Star-Ledger, October 2, 2010. Accessed April 10, 2012. "Residents of the Queen City who gathered yesterday at City Hall to try and break the Guinness World Record for the largest gospel choir were unsuccessful, but the day was still touted as a positive step toward peace in this community, which has been rocked by more than 20 violent crimes since May raised. Yesterday's event drew 755 singers, about 250 people shy of the record."</ref>
  • The duCret School of Art was founded in 1926, making it the oldest art school in New Jersey.<ref>Sagara, Eric. "Plainfield art school celebrates 85th anniversary", The Star-Ledger, March 26, 2012. Accessed December 22, 2016. "DuCret was founded in 1926 by Marjorie Van Emburgh, a local artist and teacher who wanted to create an art school comparable to what was found in major metropolitan areas such as New York City or Philadelphia."</ref> Founded by Marjorie Van Emburgh Chargois as the Van Emburgh School of Art, it was purchased in the 1960s by Dudley duCret. A 1933 exhibition of nudes by the school's artists once led to a controversy, according to The New York Times.<ref>Staff. "Nude Art Protest Ends Jersey Show; Library Board at Plainfield Acts on Complaints Over Girl Students' Sketches. Exhibit Ordered Moved 400 Paintings and Drawings in Annual Spring Display Had Been on View for Week.", The New York Times, April 29, 1933. Accessed June 10, 2018. "The annual exhibition of painting and sketches by present and former students of the Van Enburgh School of Art was closed abruptly at the Plainfield Public Library here today as the result of the objections to thirty sketches of nudes in the exhibition."</ref> Plainfield native Onyx Keesha, prior to her relocation to Atlanta, and members of the arts collective and production team M. PoWeR Arts have offered classes in filmmaking, acting, dance, writing and theater to Plainfield citizens at the duCret School of Art.<ref name="tapinto5">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • The Swain Galleries were founded in 1868. The entity is the oldest privately owned art gallery in the state. The galleries are located in a Victorian structure in the Crescent Historic District of Plainfield<ref>History, Swain Galleries. Accessed January 3, 2017.</ref>
  • Music in the Park is an annual summertime community concert event featuring the Plainfield Idol competition.
  • The Parish Hall Theater at the Plainfield Cultural Center is a proscenium theater that seats approximately 125 people. Available for theatrical productions and musical performances, it features theatrical lighting, a spot light, separate lighting booth, an upright piano and a sound system.<ref name="fusp.org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • The historic Sanctuary at the Plainfield Cultural Center offers prime acoustics for recordings by bands and vocalists. The Sanctuary seats approximately 140 people. It is available for rehearsals, concerts, recording sessions, spoken word events, recitals and meetings.<ref name="fusp.org"/>
  • The Plainfield Music Store was founded in 1951 and offers a vast archive of sheet music.<ref name="tapinto4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • The French School of Music offers music lessons and was founded in 1927 by Yvonne Comme, a pupil of Gabriel Fauré who performed for Debussy.<ref name="youtube2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}Template:CbignoreTemplate:Dead link</ref><ref>"French School's Founders", New Jersey Music, 1950. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref>

  • Begun in 1980, the annual Crescent Concerts series at Crescent Avenue Presbyterian Church brings high-end vocal, instrumental, choral and orchestral music performances to the residents of the City of Plainfield and surrounding areas.<ref name="crescentonline">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="nj2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="queencitypride">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • The Queen City October Music Festival is an annual music festival that is spearheaded by the Plainfield Arts Council.<ref name="plainfieldartscouncil">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • The Shiloh Baptist Church, which has been worshiping together as a Plainfield community of faith since 1908, hosts Jazz In The Sanctuary as part of the Queen City October Music Festival as well as its Jazz for Jesus program.<ref name="shilohplainfield">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • DreamHouse Theater Company is a theater company operated in partnership with the First Unitarian Society of Plainfield (FUSP). DreamHouse performs one-act and original plays, readings, spoken word and musical offerings.<ref name="dreamhousetheater">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

MediaEdit

Media outletsEdit

Plainfield media includes:

  • TAPinto Plainfield is an online news site devoted to Plainfield.<ref name="tapinto6">Home Page, TAP into Plainfield. Accessed April 18, 2022.</ref><ref>"TAPinto Featured Franchisee: Plainfield's Jennifer Popper & Carolyn Wellington", TAP into Milltown / Spotswood, March 27, 2018. Accessed April 18, 2022. "This week's feature will focus on TAPinto Plainfield franchisees Jennifer Popper and Carolyn Wellington. TAPinto.net has more than 70 franchised online, local newspapers."</ref>
  • Union News Daily. A news outlet covering Union County news, it has a dedicated Plainfield section.<ref>In the Towns: Plainfield, Union News Daily. Accessed April 18, 2022.</ref> It is part of LocalSource and published by Worrall Community Newspapers of Union.
  • PCTV. Plainfield also has its own channel, Plainfield Community Television (PCTV), which is available to Comcast and Verizon FiOS television subscribers on Comcast Cable Channel 96/Verizon FIOS Channel 34.<ref name="plainfieldnj2">Media PCTV Comcast 96/Verizon34, City of Plainfield. Accessed April 18, 2020.</ref>

Remaining multi-community newspapers include the Courier News, a daily newspaper based in Bridgewater Township, and The Star-Ledger based in Newark.<ref>Union County, New Jersey On-Line</ref> The Courier News is a consolidation of The Evening News (founded in 1884), the Plainfield Daily Press (founded in 1887) and the Plainfield Courier (founded in 1891). The paper was based in the city and called the Plainfield Courier News until 1972, when it moved westward to Bridgewater.<ref name="blogspot3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="mycentraljersey4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Other Plainfield coverageEdit

Local civic reporting includes:

  • And My Point Is: A Progressive Vision for Union County is a countywide civic blog written by elected Union County Commissioner Rebecca Williams, Plainfield resident and English professor at Essex County College.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Cory Storch for Good Government is a local civic blog focused on good government, written by Ward 2 Councilman Cory Storch, CEO of Bridgeway Rehabilitation Services, a not-for-profit mental health service organization.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Plainfield View is another hyperlocal blog, published by David Marcus Rutherford.<ref name="wordpress2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Plainfield Vision is a blog dedicated to improving Plainfield, written by Plainfield Democratic City Committee member Sean McKenna.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Queen City Pride is a local news and events blog.<ref name="queencitypride2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Defunct mediaEdit

As of 2017, local media in New Jersey has undergone dramatic shrinkage.<ref>Chen, David W. "In New Jersey, Only a Few Media Watchdogs Are Left", The New York Times, January 3, 2017. Accessed August 14, 2017.</ref>

C L I P S was a daily online news round-up dedicated to local Plainfield news by the late Dan Damon, former City of Plainfield information officer, who passed in 2020. "Begun in 2003 as an email newsletter to Plainfield city council members. it was later offered to the general public by email and had been available as a blog since 2007."<ref name="pclips">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Plainfield Today was a city opinion blog also published by Damon.<ref name="ptoday">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Plainfield Plaintalker (2005–2010) and Plaintalker II (2010–2017) were two local blogs published by longtime local reporter Bernice Paglia.<ref name="blogspot4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

From 1961 to 1997, Plainfield was home to WERA at 1590 on the AM dial with studios at 120 West 7th Street.<ref>WKMB-AM 1070 kHz Radio Station Information, Radio-Locator.com. Accessed March 20, 2017.</ref>

Places of worshipEdit

Houses of worship include:

  • Saint Mary's Catholic Church Built in the 1870s in what was then a heavily Irish neighborhood by Irish-born architect Jeremiah O'Rourke it is now a heavily Spanish-speaking parish.
  • Grace Church Founded in 1852, and registered a national historic site, Grace Church is an example of late 19th-century Gothic Revival architecture. A very active parish, with a large community outreach program (After-School care, Community Garden, E.S.L., Soup Kitchen, 12-Step Programs, a Robust Music Program, Zumba, etc).
  • First Park Baptist.
  • Albaseerah Islamic Center is a mosque in the Sleepy Hollow district.
  • First Unitarian Society of Plainfield was founded in the 1880s. It is the oldest Unitarian congregation in the country. All Souls Church, which hosts First Unitarian was completed in the early 1890s. Magician and architect Oscar Teale designed the church in 1892.<ref name="njht">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> With a history of involvement in the LGBTQ community and support for Black Lives Matter, it is certified as a Unitarian Universalist LGBTQ Welcoming Congregation.<ref>History of the First Unitarian Society of Plainfield Template:Webarchive, First Unitarian Society of Plainfield. Accessed June 10, 2018.</ref>

  • Bethel Presbyterian Church
  • Crescent Avenue Presbyterian Church. A Gilbert F. Adams organ undergirds the church's musical programming.
  • The Mt. Olive Baptist Church.
  • Plainfield Friends Quaker Meeting House.
  • Seventh Day Baptist Church
  • St. Bernard of Clairvaux & St. Stanislaus Kostka.
  • Shiloh Baptist Church, established 1908.
  • The United Presbyterian Church 1825.
  • New Covenant Church, Pentecostal.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Cross of Life Lutheran Church (ELCA)
  • Ruth Fellowship Ministries - Rev. Tracey L Brown - Founder/Pastor

Parks and recreationEdit

  • Tëmike Park opened in June 2022 as an inclusive LGBTQ+ space and playground located at the northern end of Cedar Brook Park in Plainfield.<ref name="auto"/>
  • Cedar Brook Park lies on the west side of the city.
  • Green Brook Park offers hiking, sports, and picnicking in the West End.
  • The Plainfield Garden Club was founded in 1915. It has maintained the Shakespeare Garden in Cedar Brook Park since the garden's inception in 1927. Designed by the Olmsted Brothers firm, it is one of only 23 Shakespeare Gardens in the US. It is on the National Register of Historic Places and is a part of the state's Women's Heritage trail.<ref name="tapinto7">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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|CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is the first public skatepark in the city. Its modern California-style design was deemed by some skateboarders as a first in New Jersey.<ref>Flipping and grinding at the Plainfield skate park grand opening http://mycj.co/2vqkquh via MyCentralJersey</ref>

  • Milt Campbell Field in the East End, named for Plainfield legend and Olympic gold medalist Milt Campbell offers sports and nature walks.<ref name="tapinto8">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Hannah Atkins Center Pool, Rushmore Playground Pool, and Seidler Field Pool offer swimming, sports and other recreation.<ref name="tapinto9">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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GovernmentEdit

Local governmentEdit

Plainfield is governed under a special charter granted by the New Jersey Legislature. The city is one of 11 (of the 564) municipalities statewide governed under a special charter.<ref>Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey Template:Webarchive, Rutgers University Center for Government Studies, July 1, 2011. Accessed June 1, 2023.</ref><ref>"Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey" Template:Webarchive, p. 15. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 1, 2023.</ref> The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a seven-member city council, all of whom serve four-year terms in office. The city is divided into four wards, with one ward seat up for election each year. There are three at-large seats: one from the First and Fourth Wards; one from the Second and Third Wards; and one from the city as a whole. The three at-large seats and mayoral seat operate in a four-year cycle, with one seat up for election each year.<ref name=DataBook>2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 98.</ref>

Template:As of, the Mayor of the City of Plainfield is Democrat Adrian O. Mapp, whose term of office ends December 31, 2025.<ref name="Mayor">Mayor Adrian O. Mapp, City of Plainfield. Accessed April 18, 2022.</ref> Members of the Plainfield City Council are Council President Steve G. Hockaday (At Large All Wards; D, 2024), Council Vice President Robert K. Graham (Ward 1; D, 2026), Terri Briggs-Jones (Ward 4; D, 2025), Julienne Cherry (At Large Wards 1 and 4; D, 2027), Charles McRae (Ward 3; D, 2024), Darcella Sessomes (Ward 2; D, 2027) and Richard Wyatt (At Large Wards 2 and 3; D, 2026).<ref>City Council, City of Plainfield. Accessed April 19, 2024.</ref><ref name=UnionOfficials>Elected Officials, Union County, New Jersey. Accessed April 19, 2024.</ref><ref name=Union2023>General Election November 7, 2023 Official Results, Union County, New Jersey, updated November 22, 2023. Accessed January 3, 2024.</ref><ref name=Union2022>General Election November 8, 2022 Official Results, Union County, New Jersey, updated November 21, 2022. Accessed January 3, 2024.</ref><ref name=Union2021>General Election November 2, 2021 Official Results, Union County, New Jersey, updated November 15, 2021. Accessed January 1, 2022.</ref><ref name=Union2020>General Election November 3, 2020 Official Results, Union County, New Jersey, updated December 14, 2020. Accessed January 1, 2021.</ref>

In June 2018, the city council appointed Elton Armady to fill the at-large seat expiring in December 2020 that became vacant after Rebecca Williams resigned to take a seat on the Union County Board of chosen freeholders.<ref>Biryukov, Nikita. "New Plainfield councilman worked for Green, Lautenberg; Elton Armady replaces Rebecca Williams", New Jersey Globe, June 20, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2020. "Plainfield's new councilman is something of a political veteran, even though his appointment to fill a seat left vacant by former councilwoman Rebecca Williams' ascension to the Union County Board of Chosen Freeholders. Elton Armady, former legislative director to the late Assemblyman Jerry Green, whose death started off the chain of appointments that left the at-large Plainfield council seat vacant, also worked as a capitol hill intern for a number of Democrats, including late U.S. Sen. Frank Lautenberg and House Minority leader Nancy Pelosi."</ref> Armady served on an interim basis until the November 2018 general election, when he was elected to serve the balance of the term of office.<ref name=Union2018>General Election November 6, 2018 Official Results, Union County, New Jersey, updated November 8, 2021. Accessed April 1, 2022.</ref>

Federal, state, and county representationEdit

Plainfield is located in the 12th Congressional District<ref name=PCR2012>Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.</ref> and is part of New Jersey's 22nd state legislative district.<ref name=Districts2023>Municipalities Sorted by 2023-2031 Legislative District, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed September 1, 2023.</ref>

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PoliticsEdit

As of March 2011, there were a total of 20,722 registered voters in Plainfield, of which 12,078 (58.3% vs. 41.8% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 947 (4.6% vs. 15.3%) were registered as Republicans and 7,693 (37.1% vs. 42.9%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 4 voters registered to other parties.<ref name=VoterRegistration>Voter Registration Summary - Union, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref> Among the city's 2010 Census population, 41.6% (vs. 53.3% in Union County) were registered to vote, including 56.1% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 70.6% countywide).<ref name=VoterRegistration/><ref>GCT-P7: Selected Age Groups: 2010 - State – County Subdivision; 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref>

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 14,640 votes (93.3% vs. 66.0% countywide), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 909 votes (5.8% vs. 32.3%) and other candidates with 46 votes (0.3% vs. 0.8%), among the 15,683 ballots cast by the city's 22,555 registered voters, for a turnout of 69.5% (vs. 68.8% in Union County).<ref>Presidential November 6, 2012 General Election Results - Union County Template:Webarchive, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 15, 2013. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref><ref>Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast November 6, 2012 General Election Results - Union County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 15, 2013. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref> In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 15,280 votes (92.3% vs. 63.1% countywide), ahead of Republican John McCain with 1,110 votes (6.7% vs. 35.2%) and other candidates with 56 votes (0.3% vs. 0.9%), among the 16,548 ballots cast by the city's 22,516 registered voters, for a turnout of 73.5% (vs. 74.7% in Union County).<ref>2008 Presidential General Election Results: Union County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref> In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 11,508 votes (85.4% vs. 58.3% countywide), ahead of Republican George W. Bush with 1,773 votes (13.2% vs. 40.3%) and other candidates with 88 votes (0.7% vs. 0.7%), among the 13,480 ballots cast by the city's 20,445 registered voters, for a turnout of 65.9% (vs. 72.3% in the whole county).<ref>2004 Presidential Election: Union County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref>

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In the 2017 gubernatorial election, Democrat Phil Murphy received 6,992 votes (89.5% vs. 65.2% countywide), ahead of Republican Kim Guadagno with 631 votes (8.1% vs. 32.6%), and other candidates with 189 votes (2.4% vs. 2.1%), among the 8,183 ballots cast by the city's 22,852 registered voters, for a turnout of 35.8%.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 75.9% of the vote (5,757 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 22.7% (1,723 votes), and other candidates with 1.4% (104 votes), among the 8,174 ballots cast by the city's 21,996 registered voters (590 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 37.2%.<ref name=2013Elections>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=2013VoterReg>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 7,140 ballots cast (81.3% vs. 50.6% countywide), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 1,057 votes (12.0% vs. 41.7%), Independent Chris Daggett with 355 votes (4.0% vs. 5.9%) and other candidates with 84 votes (1.0% vs. 0.8%), among the 8,786 ballots cast by the city's 21,738 registered voters, yielding a 40.4% turnout (vs. 46.5% in the county).<ref>2009 Governor: Union County Template:Webarchive, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed May 21, 2013.</ref>

EducationEdit

Public schoolsEdit

The Plainfield Public School District serves students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide that were established pursuant to the decision by the New Jersey Supreme Court in Abbott v. Burke<ref>What We Do: History, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed March 1, 2022. "In 1998, the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled in the Abbott v. Burke case that the State must provide 100 percent funding for all school renovation and construction projects in special-needs school districts. According to the Court, aging, unsafe and overcrowded buildings prevented children from receiving the "thorough and efficient" education required under the New Jersey Constitution.... Full funding for approved projects was authorized for the 31 special-needs districts, known as 'Abbott Districts'."</ref> which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.<ref>What We Do, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed March 1, 2022.</ref><ref>SDA Districts, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed March 1, 2022.</ref>

As of the 2022–23 school year, the district, comprised of 14 schools, had an enrollment of 10,097 students and 628.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 16.1:1.<ref name=NCES>District information for Plainfield Public School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 1, 2024.</ref> Schools in the district (with 2022–23 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics<ref>School Data for the Plainfield Public School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 1, 2024.</ref>) are DeWitt D. Barlow Elementary School<ref>DeWitt D. Barlow Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (417 students; in grades K–5), Charles and Anna Booker Elementary School<ref>Charles and Anna Booker Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (NA; PreK–5), Cedarbrook K-8 Center<ref>Cedarbrook K-8 Center, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (623; K–8), Clinton Elementary School<ref>Clinton Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (413; K–5), Frederic W. Cook Elementary School<ref>Frederic W. Cook Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (389; K–5), Emerson Community School<ref>Emerson Community School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (509; K–5), Evergreen Elementary School<ref>Evergreen Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (602; K–5), Jefferson Elementary School<ref>Jefferson Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (441; K–5), Charles H. Stillman Elementary School<ref>Charles H. Stillman Elementary School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (354; K–5), Washington Community School<ref>Washington Community School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (649; K–5), Frank J. Hubbard Middle School<ref>Frank J. Hubbard Middle School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (775; 6–8), Maxson Middle School<ref>Maxson Middle School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (818; 6–8), Pinnacle Academy High School<ref>Pinnacle Academy High School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (90; 9–12), Plainfield Academy for the Arts and Advanced Studies<ref>Plainfield Academy for the Arts and Advanced Studies, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (356; 7–12) and Plainfield High School<ref>Plainfield High School, Plainfield Public School District. Accessed October 9, 2024.</ref> (1,925; 9–12).<ref>School Performance Reports for the Plainfield Public School DistrictTemplate:Dead link, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed April 3, 2024.</ref><ref>New Jersey School Directory for the Plainfield Public School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed February 1, 2024.</ref>

The district's main high school was the 318th-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 339 schools statewide in New Jersey Monthly magazine's September 2014 cover story on the state's "Top Public High Schools", using a new ranking methodology.<ref>Staff. "Top Schools Alphabetical List 2014", New Jersey Monthly, September 2, 2014. Accessed September 5, 2014.</ref> The school had been ranked 280th in the state of 328 schools in 2012, after being ranked 307th in 2010 out of 322 schools listed.<ref>Staff. "The Top New Jersey High Schools: Alphabetical", New Jersey Monthly, August 16, 2012. Accessed December 3, 2012.</ref> The school was removed in 2009 from the list of persistently dangerous schools in New Jersey.<ref>Spivey, Mark. "Plainfield High School's 'persistently dangerous' label dropped by state department" Template:Webarchive, Home News Tribune, August 6, 2009. Accessed April 10, 2012. "Plainfield Public Schools officials were notified via a July 31 letter from department Assistant Commissioner Barbara Gantwerk that the school was free of the label, the issuance of which is mandated by the Unsafe School Choice Option of the 2001 federal No Child Left Behind Act."</ref>

Plainfield is also home to New Jersey's first high school focused on sustainability, the Barack Obama Green Charter High School.<ref>Educational Philosophy Template:Webarchive, Barack Obama Green Charter High School. Accessed April 22, 2011.</ref>

Private schoolsEdit

Established in 1984, Koinonia Academy moved to Plainfield in 1997, where it serves students in Pre-K through twelfth grades and operates under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark.<ref>About Template:Webarchive, Koinonia Academy. Accessed August 4, 2016.</ref><ref>Union County Catholic Elementary Schools Template:Webarchive, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark. Accessed August 4, 2016.</ref>

Higher educationEdit

Union College, a community college headquartered in nearby Cranford, maintains a campus in downtown Plainfield.<ref>About Union, Union College. Accessed August 17, 2022.</ref>

InfrastructureEdit

TransportationEdit

Roads and highwaysEdit

Template:As of, the city had a total of Template:Convert of roadways, of which Template:Convert were maintained by the municipality, Template:Convert by Union County.<ref>Union County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.</ref>

Plainfield is one of the few large suburban cities in central New Jersey to have no federal highway within it. The only major thoroughfare through Plainfield is Route 28, connecting Somerville with Elizabeth and New Jersey Route 27. U.S. Route 22, a mecca for highway shopping and dining, is accessible from Plainfield through North Plainfield, Dunellen and Fanwood. In the early 1960s, Interstate highways were completed near, but not through Plainfield. Interstate 287 is accessible through South Plainfield and Piscataway, while Interstate 78 is accessible through Watchung / Warren Township and neighboring communities. The busiest connecting thoroughfares are Park Avenue (north-south), traversing from U.S. 22 to and into South Plainfield and Edison; Front Street (east-west), connecting Scotch Plains with Dunellen; South Avenue and 7th Street, both of which parallel Front Street, connecting Scotch Plains/Fanwood with Piscataway, South Plainfield and the Middlesex County border.

Public transportationEdit

Plainfield has two NJ Transit rail stations on the Raritan Valley Line, formerly the mainline of the Central Railroad of New Jersey. The main Plainfield station is in the downtown and a second, smaller Netherwood station is in the Netherwood section, east of downtown and within a mile of the Fanwood border. A third station, located in the west end of town, was closed long ago. The New Brunswick train station is approximately 15 minutes away. The Central Railroad of New Jersey first offered service to Plainfield in 1839. At the height of popularity, the Plainfield "Jersey Central" train station, with its main station building constructed in 1902, was a hub for commuting to Newark and New York. (The Central Railroad of New Jersey terminal was in Jersey City, where ferries would take the rail passengers to New York City.) The station was located near the main post office and downtown stores. The station was serviced by the now defunct Railway Express postal carrier company.<ref>Hatala, Greg. "Glimpse of History: The rails run through Plainfield", The Star-Ledger, November 26, 2012. Accessed November 16, 2015. "According to the Elizabeth Historical Society, the Elizabeth and Somerville Railroad, later the Central Railroad of New Jersey, established regular passenger service to Plainfield in 1839, making interior farmland accessible for development. The Drake House Museum in Plainfield notes that the main station building was designed and built in 1902 in the Richardsonian Romanesque style by noted railroad architect Bradford Gilbert."</ref>

NJ Transit provides bus service on the 113 and 114 to and from the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan; the 59, 65 and 66 (Limited) to Newark; and local service on the 819 and 822 routes.<ref>Union County Bus/Rail Connections, NJ Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed October 26, 2011.</ref>

In years past, Plainfield was serviced by the Somerset Bus Company with service from Union County to Essex and New York City, the Public Service Bus Company with similar service and Plainfield Transit, providing local service.

Newark Liberty International Airport is approximately 30 minutes away. A proposed PATH train extension to Plainfield in the 1970s, with stops at the airport and at Elizabeth, was canceled in 1976.<ref>Staff. "Byrne Drops Plan For Rail Extension", The New York Times, June 2, 1978. Accessed February 4, 2018. "Governor Byrne today dropped his proposal for an extension of the PATH rail system to Plainfield and instead endorsed a $600 million plan to improve other rail and bus service in New Jersey."</ref>

Health careEdit

Solaris Health System, the nonprofit company that owns Muhlenberg Regional Medical Center, asked for permission to close the hospital. This request has been opposed by People's Organization for Progress, an advocacy group based in Newark, New Jersey.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The closing has been attributed to the large number of uninsured patients served by the hospital.<ref>Jukaku, Mariam. "Muhlenberg Regional Medical Center shutting its doors", The Star-Ledger, February 23, 2008. Accessed June 15, 2014. "Faced with mounting deficits caused mainly by insufficient state aid to cover all its uninsured patients, officials at Muhlenberg Regional Medical Center in Plainfield plan to close the 130-year-old facility later this year."</ref>

Neighborhood Health Services Corporation (NHSC) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit community health center serving the greater Plainfield and Elizabeth communities. NHSC has been designated a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Service's Bureau of Primary Health. NHSC's 340B Drug Pricing Program, in partnership with Drug Mart Pharmacy of South Plainfield, New Jersey, provides eligible patients access to outpatient drugs at significantly reduced prices.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

At the height of popularity in the 1950s through the 1970s, Plainfield was a hub for medical practices. Park Avenue was lined with doctors and medical offices and was nicknamed "Doctors Row".<ref>Staff. "Muhlenberg Hospital to close", Plainfield Today, February 22, 2008. Accessed June 3, 2015. "Without a hospital, what incentive will doctors have to have large offices in Plainfield, particularly along the Park Avenue 'Doctor's Row'?"</ref>

Plainfield Teacher's College hoaxEdit

Plainfield Teacher's College was a mythical institution created as a hoax by a duo of college football fans in 1941. The phony college's equally nonexistent football team had its scores carried by major newspapers including The New York Times before the hoax was discovered.<ref>Johnson, Bruce. "Plainfield State and Chung Were Too Good to Be True" Template:Webarchive, Westfield Leader, October 13, 2005. Accessed May 13, 2007. "Never heard of Plainfield State? Well, that's because neither Plainfield State Teachers College nor Johnny Chung actually existed... On the spur of the moment, he decided to call The New York Times and said, 'I want to report a score... Plainfield Teachers 21 (his secretary was from Plainfield) ... Regency 12.' The next morning, there was the score in The New York Times!"</ref><ref>Christine, Bill. "The Greatest Hoax in Sports Agate History (Yes, The Times Fell for It, Too)", The New York Times, January 15, 2016. Accessed January 15, 2016. "Harold Rosenthal, who worked on the rewrite desk at The Herald Tribune, answered the phone. Mr. Newburger told him that Plainfield Teachers College had beaten Winona, 27-3. 'Plainfield Teachers?' Mr. Rosenthal said. 'That a New Jersey school?' Mr. Newburger said yes. The name had settled in his mind because his secretary was from Plainfield, N.J."</ref>

Notable peopleEdit

Template:Category see also People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Plainfield include:

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See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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