Rosa multiflora

Template:Short descriptionTemplate:RedirectTemplate:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English Template:Speciesbox Rosa multiflora (syn. Rosa polyantha)<ref name=P&R>Template:Cite book</ref> is a species of rose known commonly as multiflora rose,<ref name=GRIN>Template:GRIN</ref> baby rose,<ref name=GRIN/> Japanese rose,<ref name=GRIN/> many-flowered rose,<ref name=GRIN/> seven-sisters rose,<ref name=GRIN/> Eijitsu rose and rambler rose. It is native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan, and Korea. It should not be confused with Rosa rugosa, which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with polyantha roses which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of R. multiflora. It was introduced to North America, where it is regarded as an invasive species.

Description

It is a scrambling shrub climbing over other plants to a height of Template:Cvt, with stout stems with recurved prickles (sometimes absent). The leaves are Template:Cvt long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The flowers are produced in large corymbs, each flower small, Template:Cvt diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The hips are reddish to purple, Template:Cvt diameter.

Plants of the World Online and Flora of China<ref name=foc>Template:EFloras</ref> include the varieties:

1. Rosa multiflora var. adenochaeta (Koidz.) Ohwi
2. Rosa multiflora var. cathayensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson. Flowers pink, to Template:Cvt diameter.
3. Rosa multiflora var. multiflora. Flowers white, Template:Cvt diameter.

Cultivation and uses

Rosa multiflora is grown as an ornamental plant and also used as a rootstock for grafted ornamental rose cultivars.

In eastern North America, Rosa multiflora is considered an invasive species. It was originally introduced from Asia as a soil conservation measure, as a natural hedge to border grazing land, and to attract wildlife. It is readily distinguished from American native roses by its large inflorescences, which bear multiple flowers and hips, often more than a dozen, while the American species bear only one or a few on a branch.Template:Citation needed

In some regions the plant is classified as a noxious weed.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In grazing areas, it is generally considered to be a serious pest, though it is considered excellent fodder for goats. Template:Citation needed

In Japan, the achene fruits of Rosa multiflora (referred to as "Eijitsu" or "Rosae fructus") has been utilized all over the world in traditional medicine historically and clinical practices to treat constipation.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The hips of the plant are edible and can be used to make tea or medicine.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Management

The targeted removal of multiflora rose often requires an aggressive technique, such as the full removal of the plant in addition to the root structure. Pruning and cutting back of the plant often leads to re-sprouting. Two natural biological controls include the rose rosette disease and the rose seed chalid (Megastigmus aculeastus var. nigroflavus).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Patches of introduced multiflora rose in Pennsylvania are displaying symptoms of rose rosette disease, which can lead to decline and death.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Gallery

• Rosa multiflora a03.jpg
• 20140227Rosa multiflora1.jpg
• Multiflora Rose.JPG
• 20140509Rosa multiflora04.jpg
• Rosa-multiflora-Flower.jpg
• 20151002Rosa multiflora.jpg

  Hips (fruits)

• 球磨川のツクシイバラ Rosa multiflora adenochaeta of Kumagawa River. - panoramio (3).jpg

  Blossom of var. cathayensis on the Kuma River of Japan.

External links

• Species Profile – Multiflora Rose, National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for Multiflora Rose.