SNAFU

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Private Snafu was a series of instructional cartoons devised by Frank Capra and produced by Warner Brothers animators such as Chuck Jones for the US Army during World War II.

SNAFU is an acronym that is widely used to stand for the sarcastic expression "Situation normal: all fucked up". It is a well-known example of military acronym slang. It is sometimes censored to "all fouled up" or similar.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It means that the situation is bad, but that this is a normal state of affairs. The acronym is believed to have originated in the United States Marine Corps during World War II.

In modern usage, SNAFU is used to describe running into an error or problem that is large and unexpected. For example, in 2005, The New York Times published an article titled "Hospital Staff Cutback Blamed for Test Result Snafu".<ref>"Hospital Staff Cutback Blamed for Test Result Snafu", in: The New York Times, May 19 2005.</ref> SNAFU also sometimes refers to a bad situation, mistake, or cause of trouble, and it is sometimes used as an interjection.

OriginEdit

Most reference works, including the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, supply an origin date of 1940–1944, generally attributing it to the U.S. Army. Rick Atkinson ascribes the origin of SNAFU, FUBAR, and many other terms to cynical GIs ridiculing the army's penchant for acronyms.<ref>The Day of Battle: The War in Sicily and Italy, 1943–1944 (part of The Liberation Trilogy) by Rick Atkinson.</ref>

The first known publication of the term was by The Kansas City Star, on July 27, 1941.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> It was subsequently recorded in American Notes and Queries in the September 1941 issue (which the Oxford English Dictionary in 1986 credited as the term's first appearance).<ref name="OED">A Supplement to the Oxford English Dictionary, R. W. Burchfield, ed., Volume IV Se-Z, 1986.</ref> Time magazine used the term in its June 16, 1942, issue: "Last week U.S. citizens knew that gasoline rationing and rubber requisitioning were snafu."<ref name="OED" />

The attribution of SNAFU to the American military is not universally accepted: it has also been attributed to the British,<ref>Rawson's Dictionary of Euphemisms and Other Doubletalk. Chicago, IL 2002, Hugh Rawson.</ref> although the Oxford English Dictionary gives its origin and first recorded use as U.S. military slang.<ref name="OED"/>

In a wider study of military slang, Elkin noted in 1946 that there "are a few acceptable substitutes such as 'screw up' or 'mess up,' but these do not have the emphasis value of the obscene equivalent." He considered the expression to be "a caricature of Army direction. The soldier resignedly accepts his own less responsible position and expresses his cynicism at the inefficiency of Army authority." He also noted that "the expression […] is coming into general civilian use."<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Similar acronymsEdit

SUSFUEdit

SUSFU is an acronym for Situation unchanged: still fucked up, but can also be bowdlerized—just like SNAFU—to Situation unchanged: still fouled up. It is used in a military context and was first recorded in the ANQ in their September 1941 issue.Template:Cn

ReferencesEdit

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SourcesEdit

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External linksEdit

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Acronym Finder's SNAFU entry
How the term SNAFU originated
SNAFU Principle
Internet Archive: Private SNAFU – The Home Front (1943) – This is one of 26 Private SNAFU cartoons made by the US Army Signal Corps to educate and boost the morale of the troops.
The SNAFU Special – Official website of the C-47 #43-15073
Episode 101 (MP3 6M) of Command Performance from 15 Jan 1944 includes a song about SNAFU by the Spike Jones band.