Taitung County

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TaitungTemplate:Efn native lang (Template:Zh) is the third largest county in Taiwan, located primarily on the island's southeastern coast and also including Green Island, Orchid Island and Lesser Orchid Island. The seat is located in Taitung City.

NameEdit

While its name means "Eastern Taiwan", it is also known as "Houshan" (Template:Zh) by many of the locals, meaning behind the mountains or the back mountains.

HistoryEdit

File:Taito Prefectural Office.JPG

Taitō Prefecture government building

Qing dynastyEdit

In 1887, the new Fujian-Taiwan Province included Taitung Prefecture as one of four prefectures.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Empire of JapanEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} During the Japanese rule of Taiwan, Taitung County was administered as Taitō Prefecture.

Republic of ChinaEdit

After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic of China on 25 October 1945, Taitung was established as a county of Taiwan Province on 25 December the same year.

GeographyEdit

File:Txu-oclc-6557994-index-454.jpg

lang}} (1951)

Taitung runs along the southeastern coast of Taiwan. Taitung County, controlling Template:Convert is the 3rd largest county in Taiwan after Hualien County and Nantou County. Mainland Taitung County's coastline is Template:Convert long. The Huatung Valley runs along the northern half of the county. Taitung currently has a population of 234,123.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Due in part to its remote location and isolation by mountains from Taiwan's main population centers, Taitung was the last part of the island to be colonized by Han Chinese immigrants (late 19th century). Throughout the 20th century Taitung remained an economic backwater. Sparsely populated even today, this isolation may have been a blessing in disguise, as Taitung mostly escaped the urbanization and pollution that have come to plague much of the island's lowland areas.

In addition to the area on Taiwan proper, the county includes two major islands, Green Island or Isla Verde and Orchid Island. Green Island was home to an infamous penal colony used for political prisoners during the "White Terror" period of Chinese Nationalist (KMT) rule (from 1947 until the end of martial law in 1987). Orchid Island, home of the Tao people (Taiwanese aborigines closely related to the people of the northern Philippines), has become a major tourist attraction despite the government-operated Taiwan Power Company's controversial use of part of the island as a nuclear waste dump.

GovernmentEdit

File:Taitung County Government.jpg

Taitung County Government

File:台東縣議會.JPG

Taitung County Council

File:Rao Ching-ling.png

April Yao, the incumbent Magistrate of Taitung County.

Administrative divisionsEdit

Taitung County is divided into 1 city, 2 urban townships, 8 rural townships and 5 mountain indigenous townships.<ref name="about">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="offices">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Taitung County has the second highest number of mountain indigenous townships in Taiwan after Pingtung County. The seat of the county is located at Taitung City, where it houses the Taitung County Government and Taitung County Council. The current Magistrate of Taitung County is April Yao of the Kuomintang. After streamlining of Taiwan Province in 1998, the county has since directly governed by the Executive Yuan.

Type	Name	Chinese	Taiwanese	Hakka	Formosan	Japanese and other
City	Taitung City	Template:Large	Tâi-tang	Thòi-tûng	Pusung^{Amis, Paiwan, Puyuma}
Urban townships	Chenggong	Template:Large	Sêng-kong	Sṳ̀n-kûng	Madawdaw^Amis
Urban townships	Guanshan	Template:Large	Koan-san	Kûan-sân	Kinalaungan^Bunun
Rural townships	Beinan	Template:Large	Pi-lâm	Pî-nàm	Puyuma^{Amis, Puyuma}, Pinang^Rukai
	Changbin	Template:Large	Tn̂g-pin	Tshòng-pîn	Kakacawan^Amis	lang}})
	Chishang (Chishang)	Template:Large	Tî-siōng	Tshṳ̀-song		lang}})
	Dawu	Template:Large	Tāi-bú	Thai-vú	Palangoe^Paiwan
	Donghe	Template:Large	Tong-hô	Tûng-hò	Fafukod^Amis
	Ludao<ref name="about"/><ref name="offices"/>	Template:Large	Le̍k-tó	Liu̍k-tó	Sanasay^Amis, Jitanasey^Yami	Green Island
	Luye	Template:Large	Lo̍k-iá	Lu̍k-yâ		lang}})
	Taimali	Template:Large	Thài-mâ-lí	Thai-mà-lî	Tjavualji^{Amis, Paiwan}
Mountain indigenous townships	Daren	Template:Large	Ta̍t-jîn	Tha̍t-yìn	Tadren^Paiwan
	Haiduan	Template:Large	Hái-toaⁿ	Hói-tôn	Haitutuan^Bunun
	Jinfeng (Jinfong)	Template:Large	Kim-hong	Kîm-fûng	Kinzang^Paiwan
	Lanyu	Template:Large	Lân-sū	Làn-yí	Ponso no Tao^Yami	Orchid Island
	Yanping	Template:Large	Iân-pêng	Yèn-phìn	Inpiing^Bunun

Colors indicates the common languages status of Hakka and Formosan languages within each division.

PoliticsEdit

Taitung County elected one Democratic Progressive Party legislator to the Legislative Yuan during the 2016 legislative election.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DemographicsEdit

Template:Historical populations Taitung County is home to seven aboriginal ethnics, including Amis, Bunun, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai and Yami.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Taitung County has the largest aboriginal to overall population of a county or city in Taiwan, at 35.5%.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

EducationEdit

Education in Taitung County is administered under the Education Department of the Taitung County Government.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CultureEdit

Taitung County possesses a very diverse collection of aboriginal cultures.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Because Taitung is probably one of the least affected counties by the settlement of the Han Chinese, most of the aboriginal cultures are still very much a part of everyday society.

EnergyEdit

Taitung County houses the Lanyu Power Plant, a 6.5 MW fuel-fired power plant located in Orchid Island.

Tourist attractionsEdit

File:Taitung Art Museum03.jpg

Taitung Art Museum

File:Luye Jinja in Taitung.jpg

Luye Jinja

TransportationEdit

File:Taitung Airport 02.jpg

Taitung Airport

AirEdit

Taitung County houses the international Taitung Airport in the mainland Taitung County of Taitung City and another two airports at the outlying islands, which are Green Island Airport in Green Island and Lanyu Airport in Orchid Island.