Zoosadism
Template:Undue weight Zoosadism is sexual pleasure derived from cruelty to animals. It is a paraphilia, where people are sexually aroused by torturing animals.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Zoosadism is part of the Macdonald triad, a set of three behaviors that have been considered a precursor to psychopathic behavior.<ref name=macdonald>Template:Cite journal</ref>
ResearchEdit
Some studies have suggested that individuals who are cruel to animals are more likely to be violent to humans. According to The New York Times:
Helen Gavin wrote however in Criminological and Forensic Psychology (2013):
Alan R. Felthous reported in his paper "Aggression Against Cats, Dogs, and People" (1980):
This is a commonly reported finding, and for this reason, cruelty to animals is often considered a warning sign of potential violence towards humans.
CasesEdit
Serial killers such as Ted Bundy, Edmund Kemper, and Jeffrey Dahmer were known for torturing and killing animals in their youth.<ref name="Poyser 2016 h222">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
In September 2018, a whistleblower tweeted a link to a Telegram channel named "Zoosadist Evidence" which contained images, video, and discussion of extreme violence to animals; the whistleblower alleged that the members involved were specific individuals in the furry fandom.<ref> https://archive.today/20180917024028/https://twitter.com/zoodonym/status/1041321103220793344</ref>Template:Better source needed One zoosadist exposed during this scandal was an adult member of the furry fandom in Cuba, by the name of Rubén Marrero Pernas, also known as "Woof". Pernas was found to be raping, torturing and killing dogs and puppies and recording the acts online for a group of zoosadists on Telegram who found this to be sexually gratifying.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Pernas being exposed lead to public outrage,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and eventual legal reform.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
A Canadian man, Leighton Labute, known as DollyFlesh online, was arrested in 2020 for torturing and killing three hamsters, and uploading the video to social media.<ref name="Zielinski 2021 b975">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Potenteau 2021 v742">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Zoosadist Adam Britton, who mainly used Telegram to distribute recordings of his rape, torture and murder of dogs, was arrested in 2022 and plead guilty in 2023.<ref> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In June 2023, the BBC uncovered a global monkey torture ring, where participants would produce and distribute videos of monkeys being hurt and killed.<ref name="Gunter Henschke Ajengrastri 2023 j165">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Legal statusEdit
In 1999, the United States Congress enacted a statute affecting the legality of crush films which criminalized the creation, sale, and possession of depictions of animal cruelty, though with an exception for "any depiction that has serious religious, political, scientific, educational, journalistic, historical, or artistic value."<ref>§ 48. Depiction of animal cruelty. United States Code: Title 18, Part I, Chapter 3, § 48. Cornell University Law School</ref>
In 2008, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit invalidated the ban on the sale and possession of such films (if not otherwise obscene) as a violation of the Constitution's guarantee for freedom of speech.<ref>United States v. Stevens - Protecting Animals no Justification for First Amendment Amputation, The Legal Satyricon, 20-07-2008</ref> The United States Supreme Court affirmed the Third Circuit's decision in United States v. Stevens, finding the law unconstitutional because the law was so broad and vague that it included any portrayal of an animal in or being harmed such as by hunting or disease.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
On November 28, 2010, bill H.R. 5566, which prohibits interstate commerce in animal crush films, was passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate, and on December 9, the bill was signed by President Obama becoming the Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act of 2010.<ref name="h111-5566">H.R. 5566: Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act of 2010. www.govtrack.us</ref>
On September 8, 2015, a Houston woman pleaded guilty in the nation's first federal animal crush video case.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On November 25, 2019, President Donald Trump signed into law the PACT ACT, the Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture (PACT) Act,<ref>https://www.congress.gov/116/plaws/publ72/PLAW-116publ72.pdf</ref> which authorized the FBI and other federal law enforcement agencies to prosecute malicious animal cruelty.<ref>https://animalwellnessaction.org/2019/11/25/congress-and-president-say-cruelty-is-abhorrent-illegal/</ref> The PACT act defines animal crushing as when "one or more living non-human mammals, birds, reptiles or amphibians is purposely crushed, burned, drowned, suffocated, impaled or otherwise subjected to serious bodily injury."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Criticism of alleged link to violence against humansEdit
On the other hand, Piers Beirne, a professor of criminology at the University of Southern Maine, has criticized existing studies for ignoring socially accepted practices of violence against animals, such as animal slaughter and vivisection, that might be linked to violence against humans.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
See alsoEdit
- Sexual sadism disorder, for the equivalent paraphilia when the victim is human
- Bloodsport
- Cruelty to animals
- Crush fetish