Subcarpathian Voivodeship

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}}Template:Main other Subcarpathian Voivodeship is a voivodeship, or province, in the southeastern corner of Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów. Along with the Marshal, it is governed by the Subcarpathian Regional Assembly.

The name derives from the region's location near the Carpathian Mountains, and the voivodeship comprises areas of two historic regions of Central Europe—Lesser Poland (western and northwestern counties) and Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia.

It is bordered by Lesser Poland Voivodeship to the west, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the north-west, Lublin Voivodeship to the north, Ukraine (Lviv Oblast and Zakarpattia Oblast) to the east and Slovakia (Prešov Region) to the south. It covers an area of Template:Convert, and has a population of 2,127,462 (as at 2019). The voivodeship is mostly hilly or mountainous (see Bieszczady, Beskidy); its northwestern corner is flat. It is one of the most wooded Polish voivodeships (35.9% of total area), within its borders is the entirety of Bieszczady National Park, and parts of Magura National Park.

HistoryEdit

File:Premislia.jpg
17th-century view of Przemyśl, one of the oldest and for several centuries the largest city of the region

In the Early Middle Ages, the territory was inhabited by the Vistulans and Lendians, old Polish tribes. It formed part of Poland since its first historic ruler Mieszko I, however, later on, at various times, portions of the region fell under the Kievan Rus', the Golden Horde, and the Kingdom of Hungary, before Poland regained full control in the 14th century. Following the Partitions of Poland the entire region was annexed by Austria and included within the newly established Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. The oldest cities in the province, with over 1,000 years of history, are Przemyśl and Sanok. Rzeszów, Łańcut and Tarnobrzeg, with their castles and palaces, were important residential cities of the powerful Polish magnate families of Lubomirski, Potocki and Tarnowski.

During the interwar period (1918–1939), territory of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship was part of the Lwów Voivodeship and belonged to "Poland B", the less-developed, more rural parts of Poland. To boost the local economy, the government of the Second Polish Republic began in the mid-1930s a massive program of industrialization, known as the Central Industrial Region. The program created several major armament factories, including PZL Mielec, PZL Rzeszów, Huta Stalowa Wola, and factories in other Subcarpathian towns such as Dębica, Nowa Dęba, Sanok, Tarnobrzeg and Nowa Sarzyna.

Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, most of the current province was occupied by Nazi Germany with the eastern outskirts occupied by the Soviet Union, and the city of Przemyśl divided between the occupiers until 1941, and then the entire region occupied by Germany until 1944.

Following the Soviet annexation of the regional capital of Lwów, Rzeszów was chosen as the new regional capital and the Rzeszów Voivodeship was founded.

The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Rzeszów, Przemyśl, Krosno and (partially) Tarnów and Tarnobrzeg Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local-government reforms adopted in 1998.

GovernmentEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Subcarpathian Voivodeship's government powers are shared between the voivode (governor), the sejmik (regional assembly), and the marshal.

Cities and townsEdit

File:2015 Przemyśl, Widok na miasto z baszty północnej zamku (06).jpg
Przemyśl, largest city in the eastern part of the voivodeship, whose Old Town is designated a Historic Monument of Poland<ref name=ph/>
File:Дворец Тарновских.jpg
Tarnobrzeg, major center for sulfur mining and processing
File:Der Marktplatz von Sanok 2014.JPG
Sanok, historic royal town, one of the oldest towns in the voivodeship

The voivodeship contains 6 cities and 49 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures as of 2019)<ref name="population">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Columns-list

Administrative divisionEdit

Subcarpathian Voivodeship is divided into 25 counties (powiats): 4 city counties and 21 land counties. These are further divided into 160 gminas.

The counties are listed in the following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population).

English and
Polish names
Area Population
(2019)
Seat Other towns Total
gminas
km2 Template:Nowrap
City counties
Rzeszów Template:Convert 194,886 1
Przemyśl Template:Convert 60,999 1
Tarnobrzeg Template:Convert 46,907 1
Krosno Template:Convert 46,369 1
Land counties
Rzeszów County
powiat rzeszowski
Template:Convert 168,614 Rzeszów * Boguchwała, Głogów Małopolski, Sokołów Małopolski, Błażowa, Tyczyn 14
Mielec County
powiat mielecki
Template:Convert 136,591 Mielec Radomyśl Wielki, Przecław 10
Dębica County
powiat dębicki
Template:Convert 135,348 Dębica Pilzno, Brzostek 7
Jarosław County
powiat jarosławski
Template:Convert 120,462 Jarosław Radymno, Pruchnik 11
Jasło County
powiat jasielski
Template:Convert 113,730 Jasło Kołaczyce 10
Krosno County
powiat krośnieński
Template:Convert 112,301 Krosno * Jedlicze, Rymanów, Dukla, Iwonicz-Zdrój 10
Stalowa Wola County
powiat stalowowolski
Template:Convert 106,272 Stalowa Wola Zaklików 6
Sanok County
powiat sanocki
Template:Convert 94,473 Sanok Zagórz 8
Łańcut County
powiat łańcucki
Template:Convert 80,898 Łańcut 7
Przeworsk County
powiat przeworski
Template:Convert 78,354 Przeworsk Kańczuga, Sieniawa, Jawornik Polski 9
Ropczyce-Sędziszów County
powiat ropczycko-sędziszowski
Template:Convert 74,416 Ropczyce Sędziszów Małopolski 5
Przemyśl County
powiat przemyski
Template:Convert 74,234 Przemyśl * Dubiecko, Bircza 10
Leżajsk County
powiat leżajski
Template:Convert 69,479 Leżajsk Nowa Sarzyna 5
Nisko County
powiat niżański
Template:Convert 66,699 Nisko Rudnik nad Sanem, Ulanów 7
Brzozów County
powiat brzozowski
Template:Convert 65,652 Brzozów 6
Kolbuszowa County
powiat kolbuszowski
Template:Convert 62,389 Kolbuszowa 6
Strzyżów County
powiat strzyżowski
Template:Convert 61,505 Strzyżów 5
Lubaczów County
powiat lubaczowski
Template:Convert 55,438 Lubaczów Oleszyce, Narol, Cieszanów 8
Tarnobrzeg County
powiat tarnobrzeski
Template:Convert 53,115 Tarnobrzeg * Nowa Dęba, Baranów Sandomierski 4
Lesko County
powiat leski
Template:Convert 26,532 Lesko 5
Bieszczady County
powiat bieszczadzki
Template:Convert 21,799 Ustrzyki Dolne 3
* seat not part of the county

Protected areasEdit

File:Jasiołka River park.jpg
Jaśliski Landscape Park and Jasiołka River

Protected areas in Subcarpathian Voivodeship include two national parks and 11 Landscape Parks. These are listed below.

EconomyEdit

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 19.4 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 3.9% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 15,100 euros or 50% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 59% of the EU average. Podkarpackie Voivodship is the province with the third lowest GDP per capita in Poland.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

TransportationEdit

The Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport is the province's international airport.

The A4 and S19 highways pass through the province, with the S74 also planned for construction.

DemographicsEdit

Template:Historical populationsPopulation according to 2002 census<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Most popular surnames in the regionEdit

  1. Mazur:<ref>Kujawiak, Ślązak similarly as Krakowiak and Mazur, took its name from the region of origin; " Mazowsze zasługuje na uwagę ze względu uzdolnień kolonizacyjnych ludności, które to plemię zapędzały na Ruś Czerwoną, w ziemię bialską, więc w sadyby dawnych Jadźwingów, na Podole. Wszędzie jednakże swoje plemienne cechy, a chociażby nazwę Mazurzy. Do dziś dnia (Tatomir Geografija Galicji 1876. str. 59) między Rabą a lewym brzegiem Sanu ludność miejscowa nosi nazwę Mazurów, z których część pod nazwą Grębowiaków (Lisowiaków al. Borowców) siedzi między Wisłą, dolnym Sanem po Mielec, i Leżajsk. Mamy zaś ślady, że w 1373 w Sanockiem nad Sanem, z daru księcia Władysława Opolczyka, a wówczas pana Rusi (lwowskiej) otrzymał wieś Jabłonicę Przybysław syn Fala z ziemi łęczyckiej (AGZ t. VII, str. 15-16)..." [w:] Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VI. III. Etnografia i stosunki społeczne. str. 191.</ref> 9,530
  2. Nowak: 9,301
  3. Baran: 8,020

Sights and tourismEdit

There are three UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the voivodeship:

There are seven Historic Monuments of Poland in the voivodeship:

File:Organs in Basilica of St. Mary in Leżajsk.jpg
16th-century Baroque organs at the Bernardine Monastery in Leżajsk

Other preserved historic old towns include Krosno, nicknamed "Little Kraków", Jarosław, Rzeszów, Sanok. In Jarosław, Przemyśl and Rzeszów there are underground tourist routes in historic cellars under the old town market squares. There are numerous castles and palaces in the province, including the Royal Castles in Przemyśl and Sanok, and former noble castles and palaces in Baranów Sandomierski, Dukla, Rzeszów, Tarnobrzeg and Tyczyn.

There are five spa towns: Horyniec-Zdrój, Iwonicz-Zdrój, Polańczyk, Rymanów-Zdrój, Solina.

There are several museums, including the National Museum in Przemyśl and Regional Museum in Rzeszów. The more unique museums include the Museum of Folk Architecture in Sanok, Markowa Ulma-Family Museum of Poles Who Saved Jews in World War II, Museum of Oil and Gas Industry at the location of the world's oldest oil field in Bóbrka, and Museum of the Polish Sulfur Industry in Tarnobrzeg.

There are several monuments and memorials to inventor Ignacy Łukasiewicz, pioneer of the global oil industry, in places where he studied and worked, including Bóbrka, Krosno, Łańcut, Jasło and Rzeszów. There are memorials to the Hungarian Renaissance poet Bálint Balassi in Odrzykoń, Nowy Żmigród and Rymanów, where he stayed at various times.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CuisineEdit

In addition to traditional nationwide Polish cuisine, Subcarpathian Voivodeship is known for its variety of regional and local traditional foods, which include especially various cheeses, meat products (incl. various types of kiełbasa, bacon and salceson), cakes, honeys and various dishes and meals, officially protected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland. There are local types of pierogi, gołąbki, barszcz and other soups.

SportsEdit

File:Hala na podpromiu.jpg
Hala Podpromie, home venue of Resovia volleyball team
File:Arena Sanok 2012.jpg
Arena Sanok, home venue of STS Sanok ice hockey team

Motorcycle speedway, volleyball, ice hockey and football enjoy the largest following in the province. Resovia and Stal Rzeszów contest the Rzeszów Derby, one of the fiercest and most contested in Poland, with over 90 games (as of May 2024).

Professional sports teams
Club Sport League Trophies
Resovia Volleyball (men's) PlusLiga 7 Polish Championships
3 Polish Cups (1975, 1983, 1987)
1 CEV Cup (2024)
KS Developres Rzeszów Volleyball (women's) Tauron Liga 1 Polish Championship (2025)
2 Polish Cups (2022, 2025)
KPSK Stal Mielec Volleyball (women's) Tauron Liga 0
Karpaty Krosno Volleyball (women's) I liga 0
San Jarosław Volleyball (women's) I liga 0
Stal Rzeszów Speedway I liga 2 Polish Championships (1960, 1961)
Wilki Krosno Speedway I liga 0
STS Sanok Ice hockey Polska Hokej Liga 2 Polish Championships (2012, 2014)
2 Polish Cups (2010, 2011)
Stal Mielec Football (men's) Ekstraklasa 2 Polish Championships (1973, 1976)
Resovia Football (men's) II liga 0
Stal Rzeszów Football (men's) I liga 1 Polish Cup (1975)
Stal Stalowa Wola Football (men's) I liga 0
Siarka Tarnobrzeg Football (men's) III liga 0
Resovia Football (women's) Ekstraliga 0
Sokół Łańcut Basketball (men's) I Liga 0
Miasto Szkła Krosno Basketball (men's) I Liga 0
Resovia Basketball (men's) I Liga 1 Polish Championship (1975)
1 Polish Cup (1974)
Niedźwiadki Przemyśl Basketball (men's) I Liga 0
JKS Jarosław Handball (women's) Superliga 0
Stal Mielec Handball (men's) Liga Centralna 1 Polish Cup (1971)
Eurobus Przemyśl Futsal (men's) Ekstraklasa 0

Subcarpathia landscape picturesEdit

CuriositiesEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}

NotesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

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