Template:Short description Avondale Shipyard was an independent shipbuilding company, acquired by Litton Industries, in turn acquired by Northrop Grumman Corporation. In 2011, along with the former Ingalls Shipbuilding, the yard was part of Huntington Ingalls Industries. It closed in October 2014. The yard was located on the west bank of the Mississippi River in an area called Bridge City, about Template:Convert upriver from New Orleans near Westwego, Louisiana. It was the site of the modernization of the battleship Template:USS in the early 1980s and also constructed some of the lighter aboard ships (LASH). At one time, it was the largest employer in Louisiana, with about 26,000 employees.
HistoryEdit
Avondale Shipyards was founded in 1938 as Avondale Marine Ways by James Grinstead Viavant, Harry Koch, and Perry N. Ellis.<ref name="University of New Orleans Library">University of New Orleans Library Template:Webarchive - Avondale Shipyards Collection</ref> It was primarily a repair and barge-construction facility for craft working the Mississippi River.<ref name="University of New Orleans Library"/> In 1941, the company employed only 200 workers.Template:Citation needed
They were awarded a contract to build tugboats for the United States Maritime Commission during World War II. This led to further contracts to build destroyers and destroyer escorts.<ref name="UNO">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
After World War II, Avondale took advantage of the expansion of the oil industry in Louisiana to build drilling barges and offshore oil rigs. They also built other commercial vessels, such as fishing boats. They again obtained government contracts to build military vessels during the Korean and Vietnam Wars.<ref name="UNO"/>
Avondale Marine Ways was purchased by the Ogden Corporation in 1959 for $14 million. The following year, it was renamed Avondale Shipyards, Inc. The company was sold to its employees in 1985. In 1988, it became a publicly traded company, Avondale Industries, Inc.<ref name="University of New Orleans Library"/> Workers voted to unionize with the New Orleans Metal Trades Council in 1993, leading to a lengthy and arduous legal battle between the workers and Avondale Industries.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The Metal Trades Union eventually succeeded in 2000.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The publication Bayou Worker, archived at Loyola University New Orleans, contains information related to the labor organizing efforts.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 1998, the company won contracts worth $454.7 million for the construction of two ships by the U.S. Navy (a landing platform dock ship and the Navy's newest amphibious assault ship).<ref>"Avondale wins Navy shipbuilding contracts worth $454.7 million"</ref>
In mid-2010, Northrop Grumman announced its intention to close the Avondale yard by 2013 and consolidate its Gulf Coast shipbuilding operations at its Pascagoula, Mississippi, yard. Northrop Grumman did a spin-off of Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding to Huntington Ingalls Inc. effective as of March 31, 2011. The Avondale yard became the Huntington Ingalls Industries Avondale Operation, a subsidiary of Huntington Ingalls Inc. In February 2013, Avondale Plant was reorganized and entered sector of oil and gas production equipment.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:USS was recorded as the last Navy ship to depart from the Avondale Ship Yard, on 3 February 2014.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Ships builtEdit
Ships built by Avondale include:
- APL C-9-class container vessels (1980–1983), originally President Monroe, President Washington, and President Lincoln. These are now operated by Matson Navigation Company as M/V Manoa, Mahimahi, and Mokihana, respectively.
- MARAD Design C9-S-81d and C8-S-81d class (LASH-ships)
- Template:USCGC United States Coast Guard (USCG) icebreaker and research vessel (1999)
- Template:Sclasss (6 out of 9 ships, 2000–present) including Template:USS built with steel from the World Trade Center towers destroyed in the 9/11 attacks and Template:USS built with steel from a crane that stood near Flight 93's crash site also destroyed on 9/11.
- Template:Sclasss (4 out of 4 ships, 1991–97)
- Template:Sclasss (5 last of 8 ships, 1986–90)
- SS Velma Lykes, now Template:Ship, training ship for Massachusetts Maritime Academy
- Template:Sclasss (5 out of 5 ships, 1981–1983)
- Template:Sclass fleet replenishment oilers (14 out of 16 ships, 1984–96)
- Template:Sclass (7 ships build between 1993–2001)
- Template:Sclass USCG high-endurance cutters (12 out of 12 ships, 1967–72)
- Template:Sclasss (27 out of 46 ships, 1967–74)
- Template:USCGC - USCG river tender
- Vernon C. Bain Correctional Center, a New York City prison ship (1992)<ref name=nyt-1992>Template:Cite news</ref>
- MV President Lincoln, an IMO container ship (1982)