{{#invoke:other uses|otheruses}} Template:Use dmy dates Template:Expand German Template:Infobox Swiss town
Visp ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}; Template:Langx; Template:Langx) is the capital of the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
GeographyEdit
Visp lies in the Rhône valley, at the confluence of the Vispa and the Rhône, Template:Convert west of Brig-Glis.
Visp has an area, Template:As of, of Template:Convert. Of this area, 17.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 59.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 19.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and 3.9% is unproductive land.<ref name=SFSO />
The proposed merger of the municipalities of Eggerberg, Ausserberg, Bürchen, Baltschieder, Visp and Visperterminen was rejected by the residents.<ref name="Fusion">Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office Template:In lang Retrieved 17 February 2011</ref>
Coat of armsEdit
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per pale Argent and Gules, two Lions rampant reguardant counterchanged.<ref>Flags of the World.com. Retrieved 4 October 2011</ref>
DemographicsEdit
Visp has a population (Template:As of) of Template:Swiss populations.Template:Swiss populations ref Template:As of, 19.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals.<ref name="HDS_superweb">Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Superweb database – Gemeinde Statistics 1981–2008 Template:In lang Retrieved 19 June 2010</ref> Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 5.8%. It has changed at a rate of 4.5% due to migration and at a rate of 1.1% due to births and deaths.<ref name="SFSO">Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 4 October 2011</ref>
Most of the population (Template:As of) speaks German (5,778 or 88.2%) as their first language, Serbo-Croatian is the second most common (192 or 2.9%) and Albanian is the third (139 or 2.1%). There are 107 people who speak French, 111 people who speak Italian and 3 people who speak Romansh.<ref name=STAT2000 />
Template:As of, the population was 49.5% male and 50.5% female. The population was made up of 2,671 Swiss men (39.0% of the population) and 713 (10.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,808 Swiss women (41.0%) and 650 (9.5%) non-Swiss women.<ref name="VS_Pop">Ständige Wohnbevolkerung nach Geschlecht und Heimat am 31.12.2009.xls Template:In lang Retrieved 24 August 2011</ref> Of the population in the municipality, 2,556 or about 39.0% were born in Visp and lived there in 2000. There were 2,138 or 32.6% who were born in the same canton, while 588 or 9.0% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 1,033 or 15.8% were born outside of Switzerland.<ref name=STAT2000 />
Template:As of, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 23.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 61.6% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 15%.<ref name=SFSO />
Template:As of, there were 2,730 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 3,191 married individuals, 378 widows or widowers and 251 individuals who are divorced.<ref name="STAT2000">STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 – 2000 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang Retrieved 2 February 2011</ref>
Template:As of, there were 2,536 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household.<ref name=SFSO /> There were 721 households that consist of only one person and 171 households with five or more people. Template:As of, a total of 2,349 apartments (87.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 257 apartments (9.6%) were seasonally occupied and 66 apartments (2.5%) were empty.<ref name="Housing">Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB – Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 – Gebäude und Wohnungen Template:Webarchive Template:In lang Retrieved 28 January 2011</ref> Template:As of, the construction rate of new housing units was 5.4 new units per 1000 residents.<ref name=SFSO />
Template:As of the average price to rent an average apartment in Visp was 923.95 Swiss francs (CHF) per month (US$740, £420, €590 approx. exchange rate from 2003). The average rate for a one-room apartment was 436.43 CHF (US$350, £200, €280), a two-room apartment was about 610.65 CHF (US$490, £270, €390), a three-room apartment was about 833.36 CHF (US$670, £380, €530) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 936.90 CHF (US$750, £420, €600). The average apartment price in Visp was 82.8% of the national average of 1116 CHF.<ref name="BFS_rent">Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Rental prices Template:Webarchive 2003 data Template:In lang Retrieved 26 May 2010</ref> The vacancy rate for the municipality, Template:As of, was 0.95%.<ref name=SFSO />
The historical population is given in the following chart:<ref>Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850–2000 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang Retrieved 29 January 2011</ref> <timeline> Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)
ImageSize = width:960 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:6600 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1300 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:260 start:0 PlotData=
color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1850 from:start till:702 text:"702" bar:1860 from:start till:832 text:"832" bar:1870 from:start till:911 text:"911" bar:1880 from:start till:989 text:"989" bar:1888 from:start till:1014 text:"1,014" bar:1900 from:start till:1147 text:"1,147" bar:1910 from:start till:1626 text:"1,626" bar:1920 from:start till:1902 text:"1,902" bar:1930 from:start till:2321 text:"2,321" bar:1941 from:start till:2664 text:"2,664" bar:1950 from:start till:3175 text:"3,175" bar:1960 from:start till:4092 text:"4,092" bar:1970 from:start till:5698 text:"5,698" bar:1980 from:start till:6383 text:"6,383" bar:1990 from:start till:6234 text:"6,234" bar:2000 from:start till:6550 text:"6,550"
</timeline>
SightsEdit
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The entire small city of Visp is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
PoliticsEdit
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 62.91% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (16.23%), the SVP (14.67%) and the FDP (3.81%). In the federal election, a total of 2,732 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 60.1%.<ref>Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton Template:In lang Retrieved 28 May 2010</ref>
In the 2009 Conseil d'État/Staatsrat election a total of 2,235 votes were cast, of which 239 or about 10.7% were invalid. The voter participation was 49.3%, which is much less than the cantonal average of 54.67%.<ref>Staatsratswahlen vom 1. März 2009 Template:In lang Retrieved 24 August 2011</ref> In the 2007 Swiss Council of States election a total of 2,731 votes were cast, of which 74 or about 2.7% were invalid. The voter participation was 60.6%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 59.88%.<ref>Ständeratswahl 2007 Template:In lang Retrieved 24 August 2011</ref>
EconomyEdit
The major employer in the town is the chemical company, LONZA AG, which employs about 2,550 people.<ref>City of Visp website-Industry Template:In lang Retrieved 18 May 2009</ref> Visp is the economic centre of the region and draws workers from many surrounding towns and even from Italy. This leads to a unique situation where there are more jobs in Visp than the total population (7,700 positions for a population of about 6,700).<ref>City of Visp website-Employment Template:In lang Retrieved 18 May 2009</ref>
Template:As of, Visp had an unemployment rate of 2.2%. Template:As of, there were 63 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 21 businesses involved in this sector. 4,288 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 93 businesses in this sector. 3,901 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 420 businesses in this sector.<ref name=SFSO /> There were 3,178 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.4% of the workforce.
Template:As of the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 7,188. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 34, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 4,110 of which 3,401 or (82.7%) were in manufacturing and 608 (14.8%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3,044. In the tertiary sector; 1,002 or 32.9% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 141 or 4.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 181 or 5.9% were in a hotel or restaurant, 45 or 1.5% were in the information industry, 168 or 5.5% were the insurance or financial industry, 275 or 9.0% were technical professionals or scientists, 175 or 5.7% were in education and 788 or 25.9% were in health care.<ref>Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang Retrieved 28 January 2011</ref>
Template:As of, there were 5,635 workers who commuted into the municipality and 881 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 6.4 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. About 3.2% of the workforce coming into Visp are coming from outside Switzerland.<ref name="commuter">Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Statweb Template:Webarchive Template:In lang Retrieved 24 June 2010</ref> Of the working population, 11.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 39.5% used a private car.<ref name=SFSO />
Environmental and socioeconomic impacts of Lonza chemical factory in VispEdit
The Lonza chemical factory regularly makes headlines and causes concern, as attempted soil contamination is frequently discovered around Visp. This has, at times, led to gardens being rendered unusable, with the type, quantity, and precise locations of the contaminated soil often remaining unclear. Since 1987, it has been known that the Gamsenried landfill has, demonstrably, poisoned groundwater. Throughout the investigations and reassurances from Lonza, accusations against the company and the canton have arisen multiple times, alleging that they were concealing investigation results and not communicating transparently.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Switzerland's environmental concerns regarding Lonza became apparent in September 2016. At that time, Lonza threatened environmental authorities that they would consider relocating to China if they were not willing to bear the costs of a legally required air filter.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The threat had an impact. Ultimately, Switzerland yielded and paid millions, far exceeding the costs of such a filter. In this context, there was also a report by Swiss television, in which serious allegations against Lonza were raised. Not only was the extensive contamination from the hazardous waste site criticized, but also Lonza's attempt to pass the costs onto the state treasury. This was particularly perplexing because Lonza consistently generated billion-dollar profits.
In 2018, it was discovered that a nicotinic acid factory at the Lonza site was responsible for around one percent of the country's greenhouse gas emissions, as the chemical synthesis route used generated nitrous oxide as a byproduct.<ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Eventually, catalytic scrubbing technology that eliminates most of the emissions was installed in 2021.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
In 2021, Lonza announced plans to create 1,200 new jobs in Visp. Lonza rapidly conducted extensive advertising both in Switzerland and internationally to fill these positions as quickly as possible.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> However, the municipality and the Visp region were unprepared for such an influx. Water, electricity, and accommodation facilities were not equipped to handle the needs of so many newcomers. Despite Lonza generating billions in Visp, they did not pay taxes in the Visp region.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As a result, the municipality had to cover the necessary costs arising from the influx itself, which regularly led to deficits in the municipal budget. Apart from concerns about drinking water, the extreme housing shortage and the consequent soaring rental prices were also prominent issues. In May 2022, a case of social welfare made headlines, where a mother and her child were forced to live in a tent on a campsite.
ReligionEdit
From the Template:As of, 5,390 or 82.3% were Roman Catholic, while 306 or 4.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 174 members of an Orthodox church (or about 2.66% of the population), there were 3 individuals (or about 0.05% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 104 individuals (or about 1.59% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish, and 250 (or about 3.82% of the population) who were Muslim. There were 10 individuals who were Buddhist and 3 individuals who were Hindu. 88 (or about 1.34% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 268 individuals (or about 4.09% of the population) did not answer the question.<ref name=STAT2000 />
EducationEdit
In Visp about 2,401 or (36.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 715 or (10.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 715 who completed tertiary schooling, 64.9% were Swiss men, 18.0% were Swiss women, 11.3% were non-Swiss men and 5.7% were non-Swiss women.<ref name=STAT2000 />
During the 2010–2011 school year there were a total of 910 students in the Visp school system. The education system in the Canton of Valais allows young children to attend one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten.<ref>Template:Cite report</ref> During that school year, there 7 kindergarten classes (KG1 or KG2) and 140 kindergarten students. The canton's school system requires students to attend six years of primary school. In Visp there were a total of 28 classes and 513 students in the primary school. The secondary school program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling (orientation classes), followed by three to five years of optional, advanced schools. There were 397 lower secondary students who attended school in Visp.<ref>Obligatorische Schulzeit Template:In lang Retrieved 24 August 2011</ref> All the upper secondary students attended school in another municipality.
Template:As of, there were 339 students in Visp who came from another municipality, while 250 residents attended schools outside the municipality.<ref name=commuter />
Visp is home to the Mediathek library. The library has (Template:As of) 12,438 books or other media, and loaned out 36,395 items in the same year. It was open a total of 149 days with average of 12 hours per week during that year.<ref>Swiss Federal Statistical Office, list of libraries Template:Webarchive Template:In lang Retrieved 14 May 2010</ref>
TransportationEdit
Visp railway station is a junction station, with a modern station building completed in 2007. It is served by two standard gauge lines, Simplon railway and Lötschberg railway line (with services operated by Swiss Federal Railways), and a metre gauge line BVZ Zermatt-Bahn (with services operated by the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn).
The railway and bus stations in Visp and Brig are starting points for many outdoor activities, trips, and tours in the surrounding mountain resorts Zermatt and Saas-Fee, lying at the foot of almost all the highest peaks in the Alps, such as Matterhorn, Monte Rosa, Dom and Weisshorn.
SportEdit
EHC Visp is the city's main team. They play in the Swiss League and their home arena is the Lonza Arena. Most of their home games are played in front of a sell out crowd of 5,125.
Notable peopleEdit
- Joseph Anton Blatter (1745–1807), Prince-bishop of the Diocese of Sion
- Carl Zuckmayer (1896–1977 in Visp), German writer and playwright
- Willi Boskovsky (1909–1991 in Visp), Austrian violinist and conductor, conductor of the Vienna New Year's Concert
- Sigmund Widmer (1919–2003 in Visp), Swiss historian, writer and Mayor of the city of Zürich.
- Sepp Blatter (born 1936 in Visp), Swiss football administrator, eighth President of FIFA from 1998 to 2015<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Walter Salzmann (1936 in Visp – 2012), ice hockey player and coach, competed at the 1964 Winter Olympics
- Pierre Imhasly (born 1939 in Visp – 2017), Swiss novelist and poet
- Aldo Zenhäusern (1951 in Visp – 2012), Swiss ice hockey player, competed at the 1976 Winter Olympics
- Andreas Schaerer (born 1976), Swiss jazz vocalist and composer
- Stefanie Heinzmann (born 1989 in Visp), Swiss pop singer and TV personality, winner of Castingshow SSDSDSSWEMUGABRTLAD
- Dominique Gisin (born 1985 in Visp), retired World Cup alpine ski racer and Olympic gold medalist at the 2014 Winter Olympics
- Marcel Ribeiro (born 1990 in Visp), Portuguese footballer
ClimateEdit
Visp features a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) according to the Köppen climate classification. Precipitation is lower than in other parts of Switzerland due to its location inside the high mountain ranges of the western Alps, which shields it from the precipitation falling both south and north of the Alps. Template:Weather box
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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