Home Secretary
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The secretary of state for the Home Department, more commonly known as the home secretary, is a senior minister of the Crown in the Government of the United Kingdom and the head of the Home Office.<ref name="gov.uk">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The position is a Great Office of State, making the home secretary one of the most senior and influential ministers in the government. The incumbent is a statutory member of the British Cabinet and National Security Council.
The position, which may be known as interior minister in other nations, was created in 1782,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> though its responsibilities have changed many times.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Past office holders have included the prime ministers Lord North, Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Palmerston, Winston Churchill, James Callaghan and Theresa May. The longest-serving home secretary is Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, who held the post continuously for 9 years, 221 days.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The shortest-serving home secretary is Grant Shapps, who served in the position for the final six days of the premiership of Liz Truss. In 2007, Jacqui Smith became the first female home secretary.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The incumbent home secretary is Yvette Cooper.
The office holder works alongside the other Home Office ministers and the permanent under-secretary of state of the Home Office. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow home secretary, and the performance of the home secretary is also scrutinized by the Home Affairs Select Committee in the House of Commons<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the Justice and Home Affairs Committee in the House of Lords.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Historically, the role has a reputation for being a graveyard for aspiring politicians, owing to the large number of potential issues and controversies that can arise.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
ResponsibilitiesEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Corresponding to what is generally known as an interior minister in many other countries, the home secretary's remit includes:
- Law enforcement in England and Wales
- Matters of national security
- Issues concerning immigration
- Oversight of the Security Service (MI5).<ref name="gov.uk" />
Formerly, the home secretary was the minister responsible for prisons and probation in England and Wales; however in 2007 those responsibilities were transferred to the Ministry of Justice under the lord chancellor.
HistoryEdit
The title Secretary of State in the government of England dates back to the early 17th century.<ref name=":4" /> The position of Secretary of State for the Home Department was created in the British governmental reorganisation of 1782, in which the responsibilities of the Northern and Southern Departments were reformed into the Foreign Office and Home Office.<ref name=":4">Template:Cite book</ref>
In 2007, the new Ministry of Justice took on the criminal justice functions of the Home Office and its agencies.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
List of home secretariesEdit
TimelineEdit
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</timeline>
See alsoEdit
- British government departments
- Cabinet (government)
- Great Offices of State
- Interior minister
- List of British governments
- List of current interior ministers
- List of permanent under secretaries of state of the Home Office
- Ministry of Justice
- Shadow Home Secretary
- Home Office under Theresa May
- Under Secretary of State for the Home Department
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
CitationsEdit
SourcesEdit
External linksEdit
Template:Home Office (United Kingdom) Template:Home Secretaries Template:Great Offices of State Template:Cabinet positions in the United Kingdom