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Liberal International

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Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox organization Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists Liberal International (LI) is a worldwide organization of liberal political parties. The political international was founded in Oxford in 1947 and has become the pre-eminent network for liberal and progressive democratic parties aiming to strengthen liberalism and democratic values around the world. Its headquarters are within the National Liberal Club. The Oxford Manifesto describes the basic political principles of the Liberal International, which is currently made up of 111 parties and organizations.

AimsEdit

The Liberal International Constitution (2005) gives its purposes as: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />

to win general acceptance of Liberal principles which are international in their nature throughout the world, and to foster the growth of a free society based on personal liberty, personal responsibility and social justice, and to provide the means of co-operation and interchange of information between the member organisations, and between men and women of all countries who accept these principles.{{#if:|{{#if:|}}

— {{#if:|, in }}Template:Comma separated entries

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{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Blockquote with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | author | by | char | character | cite | class | content | multiline | personquoted | publication | quote | quotesource | quotetext | sign | source | style | text | title | ts }} The principles that unite member parties from Africa, America, Asia and Europe are respect for human rights, free and fair elections and multi-party democracy, social justice, tolerance, market economy, free trade, environmental sustainability and a strong sense of international solidarity.

The aims of Liberal International are also set out in a series of seven manifestos, written between 1946 and 1997, and are furthered by a variety of bodies including a near-yearly conference for liberal parties and individuals from around the world.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

BureauEdit

The bureau of Liberal International is elected every 18 months by the delegates of the congress.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Former Presidents include Hans Van Baalen MEP, John, Lord Alderdice, Dutch politician and former European Commissioner Frits Bolkestein, German politician Otto Graf Lambsdorff, and Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after Francoist Spain, Adolfo Suárez. The 14th president of Liberal International was Hakima el Haite of the Mouvement Populaire (Morocco), is a former Minister of Environment, UN climate champion, and climate scientist. Madam El Haite succeeded Dr Juli Minoves, formerly Andorra's foreign minister and representative to the United Nations.

The secretary-general of Liberal International is Gordon Mackay, a former Member of the National Assembly of South Africa. Other members of the bureau include Deputy President Prof. Karl-Heinz Paque; and Vice Presidents Cellou Dalein Diallo (Guinea), Kitty Monterrey (Nicaragua), Abir al-Sahlani (Sweden), Kiat Sittheamorn (Thailand) and Robert Woodthorpe Browne (United Kingdom). There are two elected treasurers, Judith Pallares MP (Andorra) and Minister Omar Youm (Senegal).

AwardsEdit

Liberal International awards prizes to individuals in the areas of human rights and liberalism.

Prize for Freedom:

The Liberal International Prize for Freedom is LI's most prestigious human rights award. Conveyed annually since 1984 to an individual of liberal conviction who has made outstanding efforts for the defence of freedom and human rights, recipients include Maria Corina Machado of Venezuela, Senator Leila de Lima of the Philippines, Raif Badawi of Saudi Arabia, Waris Dirie of Somalia and Václav Havel of Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic.

Medal of Liberalism:

The Liberal International Medal of Liberalism is awarded to individuals who have worked to advance liberal values on a local, national and international level. Recipients include President Alassane Ouattara of Ivory Coast, Prime Minister Xavier Bettel of Luxembourg, President Tsai Ing-wen of Taiwan and Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe leader Sir Graham Watson of the United Kingdom.

PublicationsEdit

The LI Human Rights Bulletin is published three times per year and consists of opinion articles, video interviews and digest of the work of the LI human rights committee.

Thematic publications are published online and in print on an ad hoc basis. Recent texts have offered a liberal perspective on issues ranging from freedom of belief to the responsibility to protect.

HistoryEdit

Before establishmentEdit

Because inter-war International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties ceased to operate in the beginning of the World War II, on 16 June 1946 representatives of the Liberal Party of Belgium, British Liberal Party, French Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party, Danish Social Liberal Party, Freedom Party of the Netherlands, Free Democratic Party of Switzerland, People's Party of Sweden, Italian Liberal Party and the representatives of Spanish Liberals in exile assembled in Brussels and adopted the Declaration of Brussels, which called for creation of world liberal organization.

Oxford ManifestoEdit

The Oxford Manifesto, drawn up in April 1947 at Wadham College in Oxford by representatives from 19 liberal political parties from South Africa, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Spain, Estonia, United Kingdom, United States, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia and Turkey is a document describing the basic political principles of the Liberal International. Creation of its main principles were led by Salvador de Madariaga.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The Oxford Manifesto was inspired by the ideas of William BeveridgeTemplate:Citation needed and is regarded as one of the defining political documents of the 20th century.Template:Citation needed

Fifty years on, in 1997, Liberal International returned to Oxford and issued a supplement to the original manifesto, The Liberal Agenda for the 21st century, describing Liberal policies in greater detail. The second Oxford Manifesto was adopted by the 48th Congress of Liberal International, which was held on 27–30 November 1997 in the Oxford Town Hall.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2017, the global federation marked its 70th anniversary with the adoption of the Andorra Liberal Manifesto for the twenty-first century (ALM). A three-year project across numerous continents initiated by then president Juli Minoves, the ALM embodied the widest consultation of views undertaken by Liberal International in order to compile a policy document.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

OrganisationEdit

PresidentsEdit

N° Portrait Name
Template:Small 		Country Presidency Membership
1 File:Salvador de Madariaga.JPG Salvador de Madariaga
Template:Small 		United Kingdom
Spain Template:Small 		20 April 1948 18 April 1952 Template:Small
Mont Pelerin Society
2 Roger Motz
Template:Small 		Belgium 18 April 1952 20 April 1958 Liberal Party
3 File:Giovanni Malagodi.jpg Giovanni Malagodi
Template:Small 		Italy 20 April 1958 15 April 1966 Italian Liberal Party
4 File:Toxopeus, E.H. - SFA008007403.jpg Edzo Toxopeus
Template:Small 		Netherlands 15 April 1966 25 April 1970 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
5 File:Gaston Thorn (1984).jpg Gaston Thorn
Template:Small 		Luxembourg 25 April 1970 18 April 1982 Democratic Party
Template:Small File:Giovanni Malagodi.jpg Giovanni Malagodi
Template:Small 		Italy 18 April 1982 26 April 1989 Italian Liberal Party
6 File:Adolfo Suárez 1979 (cropped).jpg Adolfo Suárez
Template:Small 		Spain 26 April 1989 22 April 1992 Democratic and Social Centre
7 File:Otto Graf Lambsdorff (1990).jpg Otto Graf Lambsdorff
Template:Small 		Germany 22 April 1992 25 April 1994 Free Democratic Party
8 File:DavidSteel1987 cropped.jpg David Steel
Template:Small 		United Kingdom 25 April 1994 15 April 1996 Liberal Democrats
9 File:Frits Bolkestein 1999.jpg Frits Bolkestein
Template:Small 		Netherlands 15 April 1996 18 April 2000 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
10 File:Annemie Neyts bij het VVD seminar democratisering (5212184305) cropped.jpg Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck
Template:Small 		Belgium 18 April 2000 25 April 2005 Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten
11 File:Lord Alderdice.jpg John Alderdice
Template:Small 		United Kingdom 25 April 2005 20 April 2009 Liberal Democrats
and
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
12 File:Johannes Cornelis van Baalen MEP 1 - Diliff.jpg Hans van Baalen
Template:Small 		Netherlands 20 April 2009 26 April 2014 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
13 File:HA33.jpg Juli Minoves
Template:Small 		Andorra 26 April 2014 30 November 2018 Liberal Party of Andorra
14 File:Hakima El Haite (cropped).jpg Hakima El Haite
Template:Small 		Morocco 30 November 2018 2 December 2024 Popular Movement
15 File:Karl-Heinz Paqué, 2016 (cropped).jpg Karl-Heinz Paqué
Template:Small 		Germany 2 December 2024 Incumbent Free Democratic Party

MembersEdit

Incumbent heads of state and governmentEdit

Full membersEdit

LI has 90 political parties.

Country/Region Name Government Joined
Template:Flag Reform Movement<ref name=":0" /> Template:Yes 2002
Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats<ref name=":0" /> Template:No2 1992
Template:Flag Alliance for Democracy and Federation – African Democratic Rally Template:No2 2006
Template:Flag Template:Interlanguage link multi Template:No2 2009
Template:Flag Cambodia National Rescue Movement Template:No 2006
Template:Flag Liberal Party of Canada<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Template:Yes 1947
Template:Flag Evópoli<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>|| Template:No2 || 2023

Liberal Party of Chile Template:Yes 2014
Template:Flag Together for the Republic Template:No2 2008
Template:Flag Rally of the Republicans Template:Yes 2003
Template:Flag Istrian Democratic Assembly Template:No2 2014
Template:Flag Cuban Liberal Union Template:No 1992
Cuban Liberal Solidarity Party Template:No2 2014
Template:Flag Danish Social Liberal Party Template:No2 1948
Venstre, Denmark's Liberal Party Template:Yes 1947
Template:Flag Estonian Reform Party Template:Yes 1994
Template:Flag ALDE Group Template:N/a
ALDE Party Template:N/a
Template:Flag Centre Party Template:No2 1983
Swedish People's Party Template:Yes 1983
Template:Flag Republican Party of Georgia Template:No2 2006
Template:Flag German Group of the LI Template:N/a 1947
Free Democratic Party Template:No 1947
Template:Flag Liberal Party<ref name=":0" /> Template:Yes 1997
Template:Flag Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea Template:No2 2012
Union of Republican Forces Template:No2 2012
Template:Flag Liberal Party Template:No2 1986
Template:Flag Progressive Party Template:No2 1983
Template:Flag Fianna Fáil<ref name=":0" /> Template:Yes 2014
Template:Flag Orange Democratic Movement Template:No2 2015
Template:Flag Independent Liberal Party Template:No 2009
Democratic Party of Kosovo Template:No2 2023
Template:Flag Future Movement Template:No 2012
Template:Flag Democratic Party Template:Yes
Template:Flag Movement for the Progress of Madagascar Template:No 1994
Arche de la Nation Template:No 2017
Template:Flag New Alliance Party Template:No2 2006
Template:Flag Civil Will-Green Party Template:No2 2009
Template:Flag Liberal Party of Montenegro Template:Yes 2014
Template:Flag Constitutional Union Template:No2 2003
Popular Movement Template:No2 2003
Template:Flag Democrats 66 Template:No2 1986
Dutch Group of LI Template:N/a
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>|| Template:Yes || 1960

Template:Flag Ciudadanos por la Libertad Template:No2
Template:Flag Liberal Democratic Party Template:No2 1994
Template:Flag Liberal Party Template:No2 1947
Template:Flag Authentic Radical Liberal Party Template:No2 2001
Template:Flag Liberal Party Template:No2 1989
Template:Flag Iniciativa Liberal Template:No2
Template:Flag National Liberal Party<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Yes 1994
Template:Flag Yabloko Template:No 2002
Template:Flag Alliance pour la République Template:Yes 2018
Rewmi Template:Yes 2015
Senegalese Democratic Party Template:No2 1980
Template:Flag Concretely Template:No
Template:Flag CAHDI Party Template:No2 2017
Template:Flag Democratic Alliance Template:Yes 1984
Template:Flag Fundació Llibertat i Democràcia Template:N/A
Template:Flag Liberals Template:Yes 1947
Centre Party Template:No2 2006
Template:Flag Movement of Free Citizens Template:No2 2022
Template:Flag FDP.The Liberals Template:Yes 2009
Template:Flag Democratic Progressive Party Template:Yes 1994
Template:Flag Civic United Front Template:No2 / in coalition in autonomous region of Zanzibar 1997
Template:Flag Democrat Party Template:Yes
Template:Flag Alliance Party of Northern Ireland Template:No2 In coalition government in Northern Irish Assembly, in opposition at national level 1991
Liberal International British Group Template:N/a
Liberal Democrats Template:No2 1989
Worldwide International Federation of Liberal Youth Template:N/a
International Network of Liberal Women Template:N/a

Observer partiesEdit

Country/Region Name Government
Template:Flag NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum Template:Yes
Template:Flag Union pour le Progrès et le Changement Template:No2
Template:Flag Alliance Nationale pour les Comores Template:No
Template:Flag Template:Interlanguage link multi Template:No2
Template:Flag Union des Democrates Humanistes (UDH-YUKI) Template:N/a
Template:Flag United Democrats Template:No
Template:Flag Progressive People's Party Template:No2
Template:Flag Momentum Movement Template:No2
Template:Flag Yesh Atid<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:No2
Template:Flag Italian Group of Liberal International Template:N/a
Template:Flag Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Template:No2In opposition
Template:Flag Citizens' Party for the Renewal of Mali Template:No
Union pour la République et la Démocratie (URD) Template:N/a
Template:Flag Rally for Mauritania Template:No2
Template:Flag Romanian Popular Party Template:No
Template:Flag Moroccan Liberal Party Template:No
Template:Flag Singapore Democratic Party Template:No
Template:Flag Democratic Alternative '91 Template:No
Template:Flag Syrian Liberal Party - Ahrar Template:No
Template:Flag Afek Tounes Template:No
Template:Flag Holos Template:No2
Template:Flag Vente Venezuela Template:No

Individual memberEdit

Country Name Government
Template:Flag Mr Martin Lee – founding chairman of Democratic Party Template:No

Cooperating organizationsEdit

Cooperating and regional organisations are groups with a recognised status in the constitution of Liberal International as bodies that share the values and objectives of LI but do not operate as a political party. Co-operating organisations have the right of representation but in no case the right to vote at statutory events. LI has 12 cooperating organizations.

Organization Region
Africa Liberal Network Africa
Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats Asia
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (ALDE-PACE) Europe
Friedrich Naumann Stiftung
Fondazione Libro Aperto
Fondazione Luigi Einaudi
Neue Zürcher Zeitung
Swedish International Liberal Centre
Red Liberal de América Latina Latin America
Arab Liberal Federation MENA
National Democratic Institute North America

Liberal think tanks and foundationsEdit

The International is also in a loose association with the following 10 organisations:

Organization Country
Centre Jean Gol Belgium
Fondazione Luigi Einaudi Italy
Fondazione Critica Liberale
Liberal Institute Germany
Teldersstichting Netherlands
The Bertil Ohlin Institute Sweden
Education Policy Institute United Kingdom
European Liberal Forum Europe
Livres (movement)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Brazil
citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

United Kingdom

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

Template:Interlib Template:Political internationals

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