Mario Andretti

Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940) is an American former racing driver and businessman, who competed in Formula One from Template:F1 to Template:F1, and IndyCar from 1964 to 1994. Andretti won the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in Template:F1 with Lotus, and won 12 Grands Prix across 14 seasons. In American open-wheel racing, Andretti won four IndyCar National Championship titles and the Indianapolis 500 in 1969; in stock car racing, he won the Daytona 500 in 1967. In endurance racing, Andretti is a three-time winner of the 12 Hours of Sebring.

Born in the Kingdom of Italy, Andretti and his family were displaced from Istria during the Istrian–Dalmatian exodus and eventually emigrated to Nazareth, Pennsylvania in 1955. He began dirt track racing with his twin brother Aldo four years later, with Andretti progressing to USAC Championship Car in 1964. In open-wheel racing, he won back-to-back USAC titles in 1965 and 1966, also finishing runner-up in 1967 and 1968. He also contested stock car racing in his early career, winning the 1967 Daytona 500 with Holman-Moody. He took his first major sportscar racing victory at the 12 Hours of Sebring that year with Ford. Andretti debuted in Formula One at the Template:F1GP in Template:F1 with Lotus, where he qualified on pole position. He contested several further Grands Prix with Lotus in Template:F1, when he won his third USAC title and the Indianapolis 500. In Template:F1, Andretti took his maiden podium finish at the Template:F1GP with STP, driving a privateer March 701. He signed for Ferrari that year, winning at Sebring again.

Andretti took his maiden victory in Formula One at the season-opening Template:F1GP in Template:F1, on debut for Ferrari. He took his third Sebring victory the following year. After part-time roles for Ferrari and Parnelli in Template:F1 and Template:F1, respectively, Andretti joined the latter full-time for Template:F1 after finishing runner-up in the SCCA Continental Championship. He moved back to Lotus in Template:F1, winning the season-ending Template:F1GP and helping develop the 78. Andretti won four Grands Prix in Template:F1, finishing third in the World Drivers' Championship. He won the title in Template:F1 after achieving six victories, becoming the second World Drivers' Champion from the United States. After winless Template:F1 and Template:F1 campaigns with Lotus, he moved to Alfa Romeo in Template:F1. Following two fill-in appearances for Williams and Ferrari in Template:F1, Andretti retired from Formula One with 12 wins, 18 pole positions, 10 fastest laps and 19 podiums.

Andretti returned to full-time IndyCar racing in 1982, placing third in the standings with Patrick, amongst winning the Michigan 500. After finishing third again with Newman/Haas in his 1983 campaign, he won his fourth IndyCar title in 1984, 15 years after the previous and his first sanctioned by CART. He won the Pocono 500 in 1986 and remained with Newman/Haas until 1994; his victory at Phoenix in 1993 made him the oldest winner in IndyCar history, aged 53, as well as the first driver to win a race in four different decades. Andretti retired with 52 wins, 65 pole positions, and 141 podiums in IndyCar. His 111 official victories on major circuits across several motorsport disciplines saw his name become synonymous with speed in American popular culture.Template:Efn His sons, Michael and Jeff, were both racing drivers, the former winning the CART title in 1991 and previously owning Andretti Global. Andretti is set to serve on the board of directors of Cadillac in Formula One from its debut Template:F1 season onwards. Andretti was inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 2000.

Early life

Childhood in Italy

Mario Gabriele Andretti was born on February 28, 1940,Template:Efn to an Istrian-Italian family in Montona, Istria, Kingdom of Italy (present-day Motovun, Croatia).<ref name=":47" /><ref name="sportscentury" /> He was born six hours before his twin brother Aldo.<ref name=":4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He is the son of Alvise "Gigi" Andretti, who worked as a farm administrator in Italy and for Bethlehem Steel in the U.S.,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":54" /> and his wife Rina.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also had an older sister, Anna Maria Andretti Burley.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti's family owned a 2,100-acre farm in Montona,<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but after World War II, the Treaty of Paris (1947) transferred the territory to communist-controlled Yugoslavia. As a result, the Andretti family joined the Istrian–Dalmatian exodus in 1948. The family lost all their land and was permitted to take only one truckload of possessions.<ref name=":1" /> They spent seven years in a refugee camp in Lucca,<ref name=":0">Template:Cite magazine</ref> living in an abandoned college dormitory without running water.<ref name=":54">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The Andretti twins were interested in racing at an early age. At age five, they raced hand-crafted wooden cars through the Montona streets.<ref name="milwaukee">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} Template:Dead link</ref> After moving to Lucca, the brothers got a job parking cars at a local garage.<ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In his autobiography, Andretti wrote, "The first time I fired up a car, felt the engine shudder and the wheel come to life in my hands, I was hooked. It was a feeling I can't describe. I still get it every time I get into a race car."<ref name=":57">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp

The garage owners noticed the brothers' passion for racing and brought them to watch the 1954 Mille Miglia, which was won by two-time Formula One champion Alberto Ascari.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="mshf">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ascari became Andretti's personal idol.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The twins also visited Monza for the Italian Grand Prix, where Andretti saw Ascari race against Juan Manuel Fangio.<ref name=":3" /> Although the twins did not have a grandstand seat, Andretti recalled "being just mesmerized, overwhelmed by the sound, by the speed."<ref name=":2" />

Move to the United States

Following a three-year wait for U.S. visas, the Andretti family moved to the United States in 1955. After an eleven-day journey on the SS Conte Biancamano, they sailed into New York Harbor on Anna Maria's birthday of June 16.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> With just $125 in cash, they settled in Nazareth, Pennsylvania, where Alvise Andretti's brother-in-law Tony lived. Although Alvise planned to leave after five years, the family never left the United States.<ref name=":1" />

Andretti opposed leaving Italy at the time.<ref name=":1" /> His father felt that moving to America would give his children the best opportunity to succeed in life,<ref name="auto">Template:Cite book</ref> but did not want his sons to become motor racers, as the sport was extremely dangerous at the time.<ref name=":1" /> Andretti planned to become a welder,<ref name="ESPNclassic">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but racing was "the only passion [he] really had career wise," and he admitted that he might not have been able to become a racer if he had stayed in Italy.<ref name="auto" /> Andretti's father did not watch him race until Andretti reached IndyCar in 1964.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In his 1970 biography, Andretti said that he became a naturalized U.S. citizen on April 15, 1964.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp (His IndyCar debut was April 19, 1964.<ref name="ESPN" />) Andretti later revealed that he actually obtained U.S. citizenship on April 7, 1965.<ref name="Naturalization">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Early racing career

Debut in dirt track racing

File:Mario and aldo.jpg

Mario (left) and his brother Aldo at the 2007 Indianapolis 500 pole day.

The first car Andretti regularly drove was his father's 1957 Chevrolet, which the twins did not race, but nonetheless upgraded with features like a glasspack muffler and fuel injection.<ref name=":2" /> The twins were surprised to find that Nazareth hosted a half-mile dirt track, Nazareth Speedway.<ref name="sportscentury" /> They used money they made working at their uncle's Sunoco station<ref name=":1" /> to refurbish a 1948 Hudson,<ref name="sportscentury" /> using a stolen beer barrel as a fuel tank.<ref name=":1" /> The car was ready to race when the twins were 19 years old, but the minimum age to race was 21, so the brothers convinced a newspaper editor to falsify their drivers' licenses.<ref name=":1" /> After Aldo got into a major accident, the local chief of police spotted the forgery but turned a blind eye to save Aldo's health insurance.<ref name=":2" />

The twins did not tell their father that they were racing until Aldo fractured his skull in a race and spent 62 days in a coma. Andretti's father nearly disowned Mario when the latter insisted on racing again, but eventually relented. Aldo also resumed racing, but suffered a career-ending accident in 1969.<ref name=":1" />

The twins got off to a good start, picking up two wins each in sportsman racing after their first four races.<ref name="ESPN">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In their first two weeks of racing, they won $300; they had previously been making $45 a week at the gas station.<ref name=":1" /> From 1960 to 1961, Mario won 21 out of 46 modified stock car races.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp The twins raced against each other only once, at Oswego Speedway in 1967; Mario won, with Aldo finishing 10th after a brake failure.<ref name=":4" />

To intimidate their opponents, the twins bought Italian racing suits and fabricated a story about racing in junior formulae back in Italy. Andretti maintained the fiction for many years.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp<ref name="texaco">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="NSCHoF">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2016, he admitted that the story was fabricated. He recalled that it "psych[ed] [the opponents] out, big time."<ref name=":1" />

Single-seater racing

Despite his early successes in modified stock cars, Andretti's goal was to race in single-seater open-wheel cars.<ref name=NSCHoF /> He started by racing midget cars in the American Racing Drivers Club (ARDC) series from 1961 to 1963, starting with 3/4 (sized) midgets before graduating to full-sized midgets.<ref name="NSCHoF" /> In March 1962, he won a midget race, which he dubbed "my first victory of any consequence."<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp He raced in over one hundred events in 1963,<ref name="8W">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and scored 29 top-five finishes in 46 ARDC races.<ref name=":25">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He finished third in the 1963 ARDC season standings.<ref name=":60">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp On Labor Day in 1963, Andretti won three feature races at two different tracks, an afternoon race at Flemington and a doubleheader at Hatfield, after which reporter Chris Economaki told him that "you just bought the ticket to the big time."<ref name="NSCHoF" />

From midget cars, the next step on the East Coast racing ladder was sprint car racing, first with the United Racing Club (URC) series and then with the United States Auto Club (USAC) series. Andretti attempted to secure a full-time URC ride, but received only spot starts. However, USAC team owner Rufus Gray gave him a full-time drive for 1964.<ref name="NSCHoF" /> He won one race at Salem and finished third in the season standings behind veterans Don Branson and Jud Larson.<ref name=":64" /><ref name=":26">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> To cover his expenses, he worked as a foreman at a golf cart factory.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp

Andretti continued to race in sprint cars after progressing to IndyCar. In 1965 he won once at Ascot Park,<ref name=":64" /> and finished tenth in the season standings.<ref name=":26" /> In 1966 he won five times (Cumberland, Oswego, Rossburg, Salem, and Phoenix),<ref name=":64">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but finished second in the standings, behind Roger McCluskey.<ref name=":26" /> In 1967 he won two of the three events that he entered.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp

USAC IndyCar career

From 1956 to 1978, the top open-wheel racing series in North America was the USAC National Championship, alternatively referred to as IndyCar or Champ Car.<ref name=":31">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1971, USAC split off its dirt-track races into a separate National Dirt Car Championship. The pavement championship retained the name USAC Championship Car Series, while the dirt championship had fewer races and was later rebranded to the "Silver Crown Series."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":60" />Template:Rp

Breaking in (1964)

Andretti entered IndyCar during the 1964 season, while still racing full-time in sprint cars. On April 19, 1964, the Doug Stearly team gave him a spot start at the 1964 Trenton 100.<ref name="ESPN" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He started 16th and finished 11th.<ref name=":25" />

Andretti spent the first portion of the 1964 season trying to find a full-time IndyCar drive. An opening appeared to materialize when one of the big three IndyCar teams,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Dean Van Lines Racing Division (DVL), lost Chuck Hulse to injury.<ref name=":25" /> Andretti met with DVL's chief mechanic, Clint Brawner, to ask for the drive. Although Andretti had come with an introduction from his sprint car team owner, Rufus Gray, Brawner turned Andretti down, as he was skeptical of sprint car racing and felt that Andretti was not ready to compete.<ref name="NSCHoF" /><ref name=":25" /> He hired Bob Mathouser to replace Hulse.<ref name=":25" /> Andretti joined Lee Glessner's outfit, but was forced to sit out the 1964 Indianapolis 500.<ref name=":25" />

Dean Van Lines, Andretti Racing, and STP (1964–1971)

File:Mario Andretti en 1970.jpg

Andretti in 1970.

Andretti got his big break with DVL midway through the 1964 season, after the youngster impressed Brawner in two races: a sprint car race in Terre Haute, Indiana<ref name="NSCHoF" /> and an IndyCar race at Langhorne Speedway, where Andretti finished ninth, just three places below Mathouser, who had the better car.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":57" />Template:Rp Brawner had mentored a young A. J. Foyt, and noticed that Andretti "worked as diligently on the car as Foyt had as a rookie with me."<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp Andretti was pleased to join what he called one of the "few outfits worth driving for."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He completed the final eight races of the season with DVL,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> finishing 11th in the season standings.<ref name=":452">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was named IndyCar Rookie of the Year.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After the season, Brawner agreed to make Andretti his permanent driver in place of Hulse.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp

1965–1969: Years of domination

The Andretti-Brawner combination would soon come to dominate the sport. It quickly attracted technical and financial support from Firestone and Ford; Brawner said that Ford treated DVL like a works team.<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp From 1965 to 1969, Andretti won three USAC IndyCar titles. He also came within 93 points of winning five in a row; for comparison, at the time, 100 points was the difference between finishing sixth and seventh at the Indianapolis 500. At the peak of his statistical dominance, Andretti won 29 of 85 USAC championship races between 1966 and 1969.<ref name="sportscentury" />

In 1965, Andretti's first full season with DVL, he took advantage of the team's new Brawner Hawk, a derivation of the Brabham Formula One chassis.<ref name=":25" /> His third-place finish at the 1965 Indianapolis 500 earned him the race's Rookie of the Year award.<ref name=":25" /> He won his first IndyCar race at the Hoosier Grand Prix.<ref name=":67" /> Although he won only one race that year, he scored six second places and three third places, and scored points in 16 out of 18 races.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His closest competitor, A. J. Foyt (who had won four of the last five USAC titles) won five races but failed to score seven times.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> At age 25, Andretti became the youngest IndyCar champion in history,<ref name="8W" /> a record he held for thirty years until Jacques Villeneuve won the 1995 title.<ref name=":25" /> To his irritation, however, when he appeared on Johnny Carson at the end of the season, he was introduced as the Indy 500 Rookie of the Year, which he felt downplayed his title win.<ref name=":25" />Template:Efn

In 1966, Andretti won his second straight USAC title. In contrast to his maiden title win, Andretti won eight of fifteen starts<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and led 1,142 laps, nearly 1,000 laps more than his closest competitor.<ref name=":25" /> He led 54.5% of all laps in 1966, a record until Al Unser's 66.8% in 1970, and still the second-highest figure in history as of the 2022 season.<ref name=":35">Template:Cite news</ref> Andretti also took pole at the 1966 Indianapolis 500, but retired after 27 laps with a mechanical failure.<ref name=":63" />

In 1967, Andretti lost the season USAC championship to A. J. Foyt. Although Andretti won eight races, Foyt won the 1967 Indianapolis 500;<ref name=":43">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti was on pole at Indianapolis but lost a wheel.<ref name=":44">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti fought through broken ribs to stay in the title race.<ref name=":44" /> Foyt carried a 340-point lead over Andretti going into the season-ending Rex Mays 300 at Riverside.<ref name=":44" /> Andretti ran out of fuel with four laps to go and settled for third,<ref name=":44" /> costing him 180 points.<ref name=":23">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ordinarily, he would have won the championship anyway, as third place was worth 420 points and Foyt had crashed on lap 50.<ref name=":23" /> However, Foyt's tire sponsor Goodyear arranged for him to commandeer Roger McCluskey's car to prevent Andretti, a Firestone man, from winning.<ref name=":44" /><ref name=":57" />Template:Rp Foyt piloted McCluskey's car to fifth place. Despite a point deduction, he won the championship by 80 points.<ref name=":46" /> Andretti received his first Driver of the Year award but was deflated by how the season ended, saying, "I had the championship in my hands, and then it was gone."<ref name=":44" />

DVL owner Al Dean died at the end of the 1967 season. Per his wishes, the team was wound up. The estate sold the team's assets to Andretti, who became an owner-driver under the name Andretti Racing Enterprises.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp Brawner stayed on as chief mechanic.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1968, Andretti once again lost the title at the final race of the season at Riverside, but this time in a reversal of the events of 1967. Andretti held a 304-point lead over Bobby Unser at the start and led Unser on track by 47 seconds at one point. However, his engine failed on lap 58. He borrowed Joe Leonard's car (whose brakes were dead<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp) and then Lloyd Ruby's car for the final stretch. He fought back to third, but received only 165 points instead of the usual 420 since only his laps in Ruby's car were counted.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Unser finished second, scoring 480 points.<ref name=":46">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Unser won the title by 11 points, the narrowest margin in USAC history.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp Despite losing the title, Andretti set records for second-place finishes in a season (11 times in 27 starts) and podium finishes in a season (16), which still stand to this day.<ref name=":35" />

Andretti Racing Enterprises IndyCar wins

#	Season	Date	Sanction	Track / Race	No.	Winning Driver	Chassis	Engine	Tire	Grid	Laps Led
1	1968	August 4	USAC	Circuit Mont-Tremblant Heat 1 (R)	2	Template:Flagicon Mario Andretti	Hawk III	Ford Indy DOHC V8	Firestone	Pole	26
2		August 4	USAC	Circuit Mont-Tremblant Heat 2 (R)	2	Template:Flagicon Mario Andretti (2)	Hawk III	Ford Indy DOHC V8	Firestone	Pole	38
3		September 2	USAC	DuQuoin (DO)	2	Template:Flagicon Mario Andretti (3)	Kuzma 60 D	Offenhauser L4 252 cu	Firestone	6	94
4		September 22	USAC	Trenton International Speedway (O)	2	Template:Flagicon Mario Andretti (4)	Hawk II	Offenhauser L4 TC 168 cu	Firestone	2	172

File:AndrettiHawk.jpg

A replica of Andretti's 1969 Indianapolis 500-winning Brawner Hawk at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum.

Unhappy about being an owner-driver,<ref name=":29">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> and concerned that Firestone was cutting back its sponsorship budget,<ref name=":43" /> Andretti sold the team to Andy Granatelli's STP Corporation before the 1969 season. Granatelli retained the DVL cars and staff, although Brawner disliked Granatelli and insisted that he not participate in racing decisions.<ref name=":39">Template:Cite news</ref> Andretti won nine races in 1969, including the 1969 Indianapolis 500 and the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb.<ref name="ESPN" /> He won his third title and was named ABC's Wide World of Sports Athlete of the Year.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> His 5,025 points were a USAC record, and he scored nearly twice as many points as runner-up Al Unser (2,630).<ref name=":43" /> His IndyCar prize money of $365,165 (including a $205,727 check for winning the Indianapolis 500) was, by one count, the largest single-season haul in the history of American sports to that point, and his total pay that year (including endorsements) was estimated at as much as $1 million.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

1970–1971: Team split and struggles

The core of the team split up after the 1969 title season, when Goodyear persuaded STP mechanics Clint Brawner and Jim McGee to start their own team.<ref name=":57" />Template:Rp Andretti remained with STP, which agreed to sponsor him during the 1970 Formula One season in a privateer March.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Various reasons were given for the split. Brawner said that he and McGee left because Granatelli and Firestone were underpaying them, and added that his old-school thinking clashed with Andretti and McGee's desire to innovate.<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp He was particularly hurt that Andretti wanted to retire the old Brawner Hawk for a chassis from Lotus.<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp However, it was also rumored that Andretti forced out Brawner, which Andretti denied.<ref name=":29" /> In his foreword to Brawner's 1975 autobiography, Andretti wrote that "we had our disagreements, but until things started turning sour near the end, we worked them out."<ref name=":61">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp He added that "there are many reasons why our operation fell apart. ... Racing relationships are like Hollywood marriages: they seldom last long."<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp McGee said that Andretti and Brawner had been "feuding for years,"<ref name=":30">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but "certainly respected each other."<ref name=":29" /> He opined that Brawner was unwilling to work for Granatelli.<ref name=":30" /> According to an urban legend, Brawner's wife Kay hexed Andretti's family after the STP split, giving rise to the so-called "Andretti curse."<ref name=":29" />

Neither side fully recovered from the split. The Brawner/McGee team's financial backer went broke, and McGee returned to STP in 1971.<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp Meanwhile, Andretti settled for a fifth-place finish in 1970,<ref name=":32">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the STP Formula One team shut down after one season.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1971, Andretti fell to ninth in USAC's paved track championship.<ref name=":32" /> He scored no points in the dirt track standings, with a best finish of 13th.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp

Parnelli (1972–1975)

For the 1972 season, Andretti left STP and joined Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Parnelli was IndyCar's dominant team at the time, with 1970 champion Al Unser and 1971 champion Joe Leonard.<ref name=":65">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Andretti persuaded the team to hire Lotus designer Maurice Philippe,<ref name=":21">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Jim McGee also joined the team.<ref name=":30" /> The combination was expected to be a "superteam."<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name=":14" /><ref name=":60" />Template:Rp

Andretti never won an IndyCar title with Parnelli.<ref name=":65" /> In his three full-time IndyCar seasons with the team (1972–1974), Andretti finished 11th, 5th, and 14th,<ref name=":32" /> while his teammate Leonard won the 1972 title.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp He did better on dirt tracks, winning the 1974 title after winning three out of five races.<ref name="SilverCrownStandings">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="SilverCrownWinners">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He nearly won the 1973 title as well, but teammate Al Unser beat him even though Andretti won two out of three races.<ref name="SilverCrownStandings" /><ref name="SilverCrownWinners" />Template:Efn

During this period Andretti was increasingly drawn to formula racing. He made guest appearances in Formula One with Ferrari in 1972,<ref name=":66" /> and raced in Formula 5000 in 1974 and 1975.<ref name=":27">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1975, Andretti stopped competing full-time in IndyCar,<ref name=":45" /> instead driving full-time for the Parnelli Formula One team.<ref name=":68">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After quitting Formula One in early 1976,<ref name=":22" /> Parnelli released Andretti from his USAC contract so that he could focus on Formula One.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Penske (1976–1978)

While racing with Team Lotus, Andretti appeared sporadically in IndyCar with McGee's new team, Penske Racing.<ref name=":30" /> In nineteen races from 1976 to 1978, he won one race (at Trenton in 1978) and collected eight top-five finishes.<ref name=":32" /><ref name=":60" />Template:Rp

Stock car racing career

At the height of his IndyCar career, Andretti also made thirty appearances in top-level stock car racing from 1965 to 1969. Along with A. J. Foyt, he is one of two drivers to ever win NASCAR's most prestigious race, the Daytona 500, without being a full-time stock car driver.<ref name=":17">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In USAC, Andretti scored one win and eight top-five finishes in sixteen races from 1965 to 1968.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp His best season performance was 1967, when he competed in eight out of 22 races,<ref name=":56">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> won round 12 at Mosport,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and finished seventh in the standings.<ref name=":55">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the NASCAR Grand National Series, Andretti was less successful on average, with one win, one top-five finish, and three top tens in fourteen races from 1966 to 1969.<ref name=":45" /> He primarily drove for Ford works team Holman-Moody, securing the drive through his connections at Ford headquarters.<ref name=":62">Template:Cite news</ref> He generally did not get the first pick of equipment and pit crews,<ref name=":16">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and said that a lack of technical support forced him to ask a rookie, Donnie Allison, for help setting up his car.<ref name=":18" /><ref name=":62" /> Sports Illustrated noted that Andretti's setup favored oversteer (in American parlance, "loose"<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>) to an extent that was considered extreme at the time.<ref name=":65" /> After convincing the team to give him a top-spec engine,<ref name=":16" /> he won the 1967 Daytona 500, but alleged that the team tried to sabotage his race so that its lead driver, Fred Lorenzen, could inherit the win.<ref name=":16" /><ref name=":18">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His friend Parnelli Jones backed up the accusation.<ref name=":17" /> Andretti stopped competing in NASCAR after 1969, as race seats at teams of the caliber of Holman-Moody rarely came open after the 1960s.<ref>Template:Cite AV media (53:05-54:27)</ref>

In the 1970s and 1980s, Andretti competed in six editions of the International Race of Champions (IROC), an invitational stock car series with a limited calendar. He won IROC VI and finished second in IROC III and IROC V. He won three races in twenty events.<ref name=":45">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Formula One career

Part-time roles (1968–1970)

File:AndrettiMario19690801Lotus63-Allrad-3.jpg

Andretti driving the Lotus 63 at the 1969 German Grand Prix.

Although the Indianapolis 500 dropped off the Formula One calendar in 1960, some teams continued racing at Indianapolis, including Colin Chapman's Team Lotus.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> At the 1965 Indianapolis 500, Lotus star Jim Clark won and Andretti finished third as the top-placed rookie.<ref name="FormulaOneBio">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":6">Template:Cite journal</ref> On Clark's recommendation,<ref name=":15">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Chapman invited Andretti to race in Formula One, saying, "When you're ready, call me."<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti joined Lotus for the 1968 Italian Grand Prix.<ref name=":7">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was delighted by the Lotus 49B, saying that its handling was a major improvement over IndyCar.<ref name=":15" /> He beat the Monza lap record in testing,<ref name=":7" /> but was disqualified after flying back to America for a contractually required race.<ref name=":7" /> He later said that the Monza officials broke a promise to waive the applicable rule on his behalf.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":5" />

Andretti got his real start in Formula One at the 1968 United States Grand Prix and took pole.<ref name="FormulaOneBio" /><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Due to his disqualification at Monza (where he had qualified tenth),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> he became the first Formula One driver to start his first race from pole.<ref name=":15" /> Jackie Stewart overtook him on the first lap, but the two drivers were neck-and-neck until Andretti's nose cone broke, forcing him to pit. He eventually retired with a clutch failure, but he had made a strong impression. Reviewing the race, Motor Sport wrote that Andretti displayed "that same assurance of absolute control [in the corners] one saw in [Jim] Clark's driving."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

At the end of the 1968 season, Chapman offered Andretti a full-time drive to replace Clark, who had died in an accident that April. Andretti declined, not wishing to give up his stable USAC career. For the next two years, he made only sporadic appearances in Formula One with Lotus and STP-March.<ref name="FormulaOneBio" /> The cars were mostly uncompetitive, and he finished only one race in his first three seasons.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp At the one race he finished, the 1970 Spanish Grand Prix, he collected his first Formula One podium after several drivers ahead of him retired with mechanical issues.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Ferrari (1971–1972)

Andretti signed with Scuderia Ferrari in Template:F1 and entered seven out of 11 races, completing two. In his Ferrari debut, he won his maiden Grand Prix at Kyalami after race leader Denny Hulme's engine failed with four laps to go.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also won the non-championship Questor Grand Prix in California. Following the Questor win, Enzo Ferrari offered to make Andretti his No. 1 driver for 1972, but Andretti declined, later remarking that "[Formula One] didn't pay much back then [...] but I always figured I'd get another opportunity."<ref name="Ferrari1971">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti also raced five times in Template:F1, but scored no podiums.<ref name=":66">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He did not compete in the Template:F1 season.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Parnelli (1974–1976)

In the mid-1970s, Andretti encouraged Parnelli, his IndyCar team, to sponsor a Formula One car.<ref name=":13">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> To prepare for a Formula One challenge, the team secured funding from Firestone,<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":5" /> which agreed to make special tires for the team.<ref name=":14" /> In addition to Maurice Philippe, the team hired more Lotus veterans, including Jim Clark's old crew chief Dick Scammell and administrator Andrew Ferguson.<ref name=":21" />

Parnelli ran Andretti in the two North American end-of-season races in Template:F1.<ref name=":5" /> He qualified third at the Template:F1 GP but did not start the race due to a mechanical failure.<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":14">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Parnelli also ran Andretti in the North American Formula 5000 series in 1974 and 1975, both times finishing second to Brian Redman.<ref name=":27" /> In each season, Andretti won as many races as Redman, but his results were less consistent.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp

In 1975, Andretti became a full-time Formula One driver for the first time.<ref name=":68" /> He was disappointed by the Parnelli VPJ4, which he felt was derivative of the Lotus 72. More importantly, sponsor Firestone pulled out ahead of the season.<ref name=":21" /> The VPJ4 had been designed for Firestone's custom tires, and without them, its performance suffered.<ref name=":14" /> The car also suffered from frequent brake failures.<ref name=":22">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> At the Template:F1 GP, Andretti qualified fourth and reached first after a multi-car crash on the first lap. However, the crash damaged his suspension, forcing his eventual retirement.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He finished third at the non-championship 1975 BRDC International Trophy Race.<ref name=":21" /> At the Template:F1 GP, he was nearly killed when his brakes failed during qualifying, but finished fourth with the team's backup car.<ref name=":14" /> He finished 14th in the Drivers' Championship, scoring five points.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Parnelli skipped the first race of the 1976 season,<ref name=":22" /> so Andretti started the year with Lotus and returned to Parnelli for the next two races.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":5" /> Parnelli pulled out of Formula One after round three when sponsor Viceroy withdrew funding.<ref name="8W" /> Andretti only learned of the decision when a reporter asked him about it as the grid lined up to start the race.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":14" /> He later admitted that "I was the only one, really, that wanted [the Formula One team]."<ref name=":5" />

Lotus (1976–1980)

File:Chapman and Andretti at 1978 Dutch Grand Prix.jpg

Andretti and Colin Chapman at the 1978 Dutch Grand Prix.

1976

The day after Andretti learned Parnelli was shutting down, he met Lotus' Colin Chapman, who told him, "I wish I had a decent car for you."<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":22" /> Andretti took the Lotus job anyway, promising Chapman that "we will make the car better."<ref name=":14" /> He negotiated for number one driver status, mindful of Chapman's reputation for giving only one driver the best machinery.<ref name=":5" /> With this authority, he borrowed his teammate's car when it was faster at a particular circuit,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> or when his own car was unavailable.<ref name=":59">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp

The Lotus 77 was not competitive, and with five races to go, Andretti had scored just five points, leaving him mired in 13th place.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He asked to switch to the next year's car in mid-season, but Chapman declined.<ref name=":59" />Template:Rp At the Template:F1 GP, Andretti scored his first podium since March 1971. He collected three podiums in the final five races and lapped the field in his victory at the season-ending Template:F1 GP.<ref name="FormulaOneBio" /> The late-season flurry of results moved Andretti up to 6th in the Drivers' Championship, with 22 points.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Ground effect revolution

Template:Multiple image Andretti's timing was fortuitous, as he rejoined Lotus at the eve of the ground effect revolution. Since mid-1975, Lotus had been trying to shape the car to generate downforce (making the car faster in the corners) without a large rear wing (whose drag would make the car slower on the straights). The Lotus design team added sidepods with vents to take in air, which was then channeled under the floor to facilitate the Venturi effect. The car was effectively sucked towards the ground, allowing it to take corners at unusually high speeds.<ref name=":10">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti, whose STP-March team had experimented with sidepods in 1970,<ref name=":40">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> encouraged the team to make the sidepods even bigger.<ref name=":8">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti, who received praise on several occasions for his technical feedback,<ref name=":61" />Template:Rp<ref name=":65" /> took a close interest in developing the car.<ref name=":8" /> He knew that Lotus had a reputation for dangerous designs and worked with his mechanics to ensure that Chapman did not do anything "too radical."<ref name=":2" /> Wind tunnel technology was still primitive at the time, but Lotus devised a way to model air flow on track by hiring a photographer to take pictures of wind-sensitive bristles that were mounted on the chassis in tests.<ref name=":8" /> While testing the car at Hockenheim, Andretti noticed that the car's downforce was much stronger when he drove close to a nearby fence. Chapman added sideskirts to keep the air flowing in one direction.<ref name=":8" /><ref>"Mario Andretti: Addicted to Adrenaline" (2024), at 1:08-1:10.</ref>

Andretti also helped the team with his ability to set up a car; one commentator said that "aside from Andretti, only Lauda was known for great technical understanding [...] an increasingly vital quality for racecar drivers as racecars became increasingly sophisticated."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti said that "if people say I'm overly obsessed with setting up my car, that's up to them ... I make tiny adjustments to the car, and I can feel them."<ref name=":59" />Template:Rp Drawing on his extensive USAC oval racing experience, Andretti optimized his cars for each track by exploiting subtle differences in tire size ('stagger') and suspension set-up ('cross weighting') on each side of the car.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Engineer Nigel Bennett recalled that Andretti would request seemingly imperceptible adjustments before the race, such as "Lower the front springs by an eighth of a turn."<ref name=":9">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

1977: Reliability issues

File:Monza 1977 - Mario Andretti - Vainqueur et Recordman du tour.jpg

Andretti won his first Italian Grand Prix in 1977, piloting the revolutionary Lotus 78.

In Template:F1, the Lotus 78 was one of the fastest cars on the grid, and Andretti won four races, more than any other driver. At Zolder, Andretti took pole by 1.54 seconds, infuriating Chapman, who wanted to hide the car's quality from his competitors.<ref name=":10" />

At round four, Andretti won the United States Grand Prix West.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He scored a dominant win at the Template:F1 GP,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but also held his own under close racing, winning the Template:F1 GP after a dramatic last-lap pass on John Watson.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also won his first Template:F1 GP after three attempts, an achievement in which he took great pride.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Andretti concluded that the Lotus 78 was his favorite Formula One car, even more than the next year's title-winning Lotus 79.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Other than the wins, Andretti endured a snakebit season. Lotus had commissioned special engines, which proved to be unreliable,<ref name=":10" /> and Andretti suffered engine failures while leading at Spielberg,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in second at Silverstone,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and battling for third at Zandvoort.<ref name=":59" />Template:Rp His engine also failed at Hockenheim.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lotus' Peter Wright and Ralph Bellamy felt that if Chapman had settled for a regular Cosworth DFV engine, Lotus would have won the title.<ref name=":9" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> For his own part, Andretti rued Chapman's tendency to "pull the last litre or two of fuel out of the cars before the race," noting that he ran out of fuel at three races in 1977 (Kyalami, Anderstorp, and Mosport).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti also retired in third at Interlagos with an electrical failure,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and crashed at Zolder while fighting for the lead, which he called "one of the biggest mistakes of [his] career."<ref name=":1" /> Ferrari dominated the Constructors' Championship with 95 (97)Template:Efn points to Lotus' 62,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Andretti finished third in the Drivers' Championship, with 47 points, 25 behind Ferrari's Niki Lauda,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> who skipped the last two races.<ref name=":59" />Template:Rp

1978: World Champion

File:Mario Andretti 1978 World Championship Winning Lotus 79 (49379922591).jpg

Andretti's title-winning Lotus 79, dubbed the "Black Beauty."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Andretti won his first and only Formula One World Drivers' Championship in Template:F1. Before the season, the team signed Ronnie Peterson and made him the highest-paid driver in Formula One.<ref name="Ferrari1971" /> Although Chapman agreed to pay Andretti the same salary,<ref name="Ferrari1971" /> Andretti felt that he had earned number one driver status given how much time he had invested to develop the car.<ref name=":20">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Enzo Ferrari offered to double Andretti's salary, but withdrew the offer after Chapman "raised hell with [Enzo]".<ref name="Ferrari1971" /> Chapman placated Andretti by offering him a bonus of $10,000 a point.<ref name="Ferrari1971" /> In addition, Chapman promised to impose team orders to give Andretti the lead if Lotus was leading 1–2.<ref name=":59" />Template:Rp

The team stayed with the 78 for the first five races while Chapman perfected the next car. At the season-opening Template:F1 GP, Andretti took pole and led from start to finish.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After five races, he was tied for second place in the standings with 18 points, five adrift of Patrick Depailler.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Lotus unveiled the Lotus 79 at the Template:F1 GP. The new car included an improved diffuser to facilitate airflow at the back of the car.<ref name=":8" /> With plenty of downforce in hand, Lotus ran a small rear wing that increased the car's top speed,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> fixing what Andretti felt was the 78's biggest weakness.<ref name=":40" /> The 79 did introduce a new weakness, as a design flaw overheated the brake fluid.<ref name=":8" /> Andretti's smooth driving style suited the car, whose downforce was so great that the chassis might have buckled in the hands of a more choppy driver.<ref name=":8" /> At Belgium, Andretti took pole by eight-tenths of a second, led from start to finish, and won by ten seconds.<ref name=":9" />

Andretti dominated the rest of the season, winning five of the next eight races, while teammate Peterson finished second with two wins.<ref name="ddavid">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lotus had four 1–2 finishes in 1978, and Andretti won them all, generating speculation that Chapman had ordered Peterson to let Andretti win.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Two rounds before Andretti clinched the title, Peterson denied being ordered to let Andretti by at any point,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which Andretti repeated after the season.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp However, Peterson then "ostentatiously" followed Andretti to a 1–2 finish at Zandvoort.<ref name="8W" />

Andretti clinched the championship at the Italian Grand Prix, with two races to go.<ref name="sportscentury" /> He did not celebrate, as Peterson had suffered a major crash and died later that night due to complications from leg surgery.<ref name="sportscentury" /><ref name=":60" />Template:Rp Outside the hospital, Andretti laconically said, "Unhappily, motor racing is also this."<ref name=":58">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2018, Andretti said that "I could never truly celebrate and I never will. It was an enormous jolt. You never really totally recover from [it]."<ref name=":8" />

1979–1980

Andretti never won another Grand Prix after 1978. Following the 1978 title season, lead sponsor Imperial Tobacco pulled funding.<ref name=":59" />Template:Rp In Template:F1, the team rolled out the Lotus 80, whose downforce overwhelmed the car's suspension, generating porpoising issues, and whose weak chassis popped out rivets while driving.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti scored a podium in the Lotus 80's debut at Jarama.<ref name="8W" /> His new teammate Carlos Reutemann refused to drive the car at all, and Andretti drove it only three times before returning to the Lotus 79, which was already out of date.<ref name=":33">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Nye (1986) p. 100</ref> Andretti finished 12th in the standings, with 14 points, 6 points behind Reutemann,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> who left for Williams after the season.<ref name=":33" />

Following the failure of the Lotus 80, Chapman tried to solve the problem by developing the Lotus 88, a complex and innovative carbon-fiber, dual-chassis structure.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In theory, one chassis would absorb the porpoising while the other chassis would carry the driver.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The team used a transitional car, the Lotus 81, for Template:F1, while Chapman developed the 88. Lotus replaced Reutemann with two talented teammates, Elio de Angelis and (briefly) Nigel Mansell, but the team was again unsuccessful.<ref>Nye (1986) p. 196</ref> Andretti scored only one point all season. Over the course of the season, he lost faith in the developing Lotus 88, declaring that Chapman "got bored and started going crazy with other things that were outside of the rules."<ref name=":19">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He left Lotus at the end of the season, shortly before Chapman was about to unveil the Lotus 88 for 1981. After his departure, the FIA banned the Lotus 88.<ref name=":19" />

Alfa Romeo (1981)

File:Andretti at 1981 Dutch Grand Prix.jpg

Andretti driving the Alfa Romeo 179C at the 1981 Dutch Grand Prix.

For the 1981 season, Andretti signed a sponsorship deal with Marlboro, whose advertising chief John Hogan gave him a choice between the two Marlboro-sponsored teams, Alfa Romeo and McLaren.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti picked the Italian team due to his friendship with one of their engineers<ref name=":19" /> and the higher salary on offer.<ref name="8W" /> Before the 1981 season, the FIA outlawed sliding sideskirts, which the Alfa Romeo design team had relied on to generate ground effect.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti finished fourth on his debut at the United States Grand Prix West, but the team was otherwise uncompetitive.<ref name=":19" /><ref name=":60" />Template:Rp He finished 17th in the Drivers' Championship, with 3 points.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He left the team after the season, explaining that the new generation of Formula One cars required "toggle switch driving with no need for any kind of delicacy [...] it made leaving Formula One a lot easier than it would have been."<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Stand-in appearances (1982)

During the Template:F1 season, Andretti briefly raced for both the Drivers' and Constructors' Championship-winning teams, Williams and Ferrari. Andretti joined Williams for the United States Grand Prix West after Reutemann abruptly quit. He damaged his suspension after contacting a wall and retired.<ref name=":11">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> IndyCar commitments prevented him from signing a full-time contract,<ref name=":11" /> and Williams' Keke Rosberg won the Drivers' Championship.<ref name=":12" />

Andretti then replaced the injured Didier Pironi at Ferrari for the last two races of the season. He took pole and finished third at the Template:F1 GP.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> At the season-ending Template:F1 GP, Andretti's final Formula One race, he retired with a suspension failure, but Niki Lauda's engine failure clinched the Constructors' Championship for Ferrari.<ref name=":12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti agreed to serve as Renault's reserve driver for one U.S. race in 1984,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but declined to be considered for a reserve role in 1986, effectively ending his Formula One career.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CART IndyCar career

Penske (1979–1980)

File:Penske PC-9 Indy Car, built for Mario Andretti, 1980 - Collings Foundation - Massachusetts - DSC07041.jpg

Andretti drove the Penske PC-9 during the 1980 CART season.

In 1979, a new organization, Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART), set up the IndyCar World Series,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> which displaced the USAC championship.<ref name=":31" /> CART was formed because the larger and more institutional IndyCar teams, like Andretti's Penske Racing, wanted the sport to emphasize technical innovation (the costs of which deterred new entrants) and a more structured commercial strategy.<ref name=":31" /> After Penske helped start CART, Andretti sporadically competed in CART during the 1979 and 1980 seasons, winning one race at Michigan in 1980.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Patrick (1981–1982)

Andretti switched to Patrick Racing for the 1981 season. The move reunited him with STP Corporation, the team's sponsor, and Jim McGee, Andretti's mechanic from DVL and Parnelli.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp He did not win a race, but recorded five top-five finishes in seven races; the other two results were mechanical DNFs.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> At the 1981 Indianapolis 500, Andretti was controversially stripped of the win four months after the race.<ref name=":24" /> After leaving Alfa Romeo, Andretti joined CART full-time for the 1982 season. He finished third in the season standings,<ref name=":45" /> with six podiums in 11 races.<ref name=":69" /> As with 1981, all his other results were mechanical DNFs.<ref name=":69">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Newman/Haas (1983–1994)

In 1983, Andretti joined the new Newman/Haas Racing team, set up by Carl Haas and actor (and former Can-Am team owner) Paul Newman.<ref name=":48">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The team used cars built by British company Lola, in contrast to the March cars in vogue at the time.<ref name=":49">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The team lured Andretti by promising to run only one car, making him the focus of the team.<ref name=":48" /> Andretti spent the rest of his full-time racing career with Newman/Haas.<ref name="8W" />

Solo-racer era

In 1983, Andretti worked with the team to develop the uncompetitive Lola T700 into a decent car.<ref name=":50">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> At round six, he took the team's maiden win at Elkhart Lake, and scored another win in Las Vegas. He recorded eight top-five finishes in 13 starts.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

File:Mario Andretti 1984.jpg

Andretti at the 1984 Pocono 500 in Long Pond, PA.

In 1984, the team commissioned a new chassis, which became the Lola T800. The car was designed by Lotus veteran Nigel Bennett and effectively utilized the ground effect technology that Formula One had just banned in 1982.<ref name=":49" /><ref name="GroundEffect2022">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> (Various CART teams had been attempting to develop ground effect cars since 1980 at the latest.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>) However, the team got off to a mediocre start. Andretti won the season opener at Long Beach, but his Indianapolis 500 race was compromised by electrical issues, and his wheel fell off at the Milwaukee Mile. After four races, he trailed Tom Sneva by 58 points.<ref name=":50" /> In mid-season, however, he won five out of eight races,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> including the Michigan 500, where he beat Sneva by 0.14 seconds, the closest finish in IndyCar history at the time.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> After a tight, season-long battle, Andretti closed out the season with two conservative second-place drives, explaining that "I hated driving that way but that's what I had to do."<ref name=":50" /> He beat Sneva by 13 points to claim his fourth IndyCar title at the age of 44.<ref name="8W" /> At the end of the season, he was voted Driver of the Year for a third time.<ref name=":50" />

The team took a step back in 1985. Other teams noticed that in addition to Andretti's six wins, Danny Sullivan won three races in a customer T800.<ref name=":49" /> To make more money, Newman/Haas agreed to distribute the Lolas to more competitors, watering down its technical advantage.<ref name=":51">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti got out to a fast start, winning three of the first four races and finishing second in the fourth, the 1985 Indianapolis 500. After four races, he had a 34-point lead in the standings.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> However, he recorded only one more top-five finish the rest of the way,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and finished fifth in the standings.<ref name=":32" />

From 1986 to 1988, Andretti's son Michael emerged as a force in the sport. In 1986, Michael placed second, beating Mario for the first time. Father and son both scored five poles.<ref name="8W" /> At round five in Portland, Mario beat Michael by 0.07 seconds, setting another record for the closest finish in IndyCar history.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In addition, at age 46, he finally won his home race, the Pocono 500, after 14 attempts.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He called it "one of the happiest weekends [he had] ever had."<ref name="newspapers.com">Template:Cite news</ref> He led the championship with ten races to go,<ref name="newspapers.com" /> but did not pick up another podium the rest of the way.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1987, with an Adrian Newey-designed chassis and new engines designed by Ilmor,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti picked up eight poles but converted them into two wins.<ref name="8W" /> He dominated the Indianapolis 500 but dropped out with a blown engine late in the race.<ref name=":48" /> At the following race at Milwaukee, he passed A. J. Foyt for the all-time lead in career laps led. However, he crashed when his rear wing came loose and injured his neck. He called it "the hardest hit I've ever taken."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1988, Andretti finished fifth in the season standings, one spot ahead of Michael.<ref name="8W" /> He picked up two wins, but continued to suffer from reliability issues and was involved in several costly accidents.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Two-car era

Michael Andretti joined Newman/Haas in 1989, which added a second car for the first time to accommodate him.<ref name="8W" /> Mario and Michael became the first father/son team to compete in both IMSA GT and IndyCar racing.<ref name="texaco" /> Michael reached the peak of his career, winning the 1991 championship and finishing second in 1990 and 1992. By contrast, Mario performed well but not brilliantly. During the 63 races from 1989 to 1992, he scored 30 top-five finishes but recorded no wins.<ref name=":32" /><ref name="8W" /> In 1992, he set the all-time record for most IndyCar starts, passing A. J. Foyt.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Ahead of the 1993 season, Michael Andretti left CART for Formula One.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Mario wanted to return to the old one-car system, but the team replaced Michael with the reigning Formula One champion, Nigel Mansell, and gave Mansell number one driver status. Mansell and Andretti raced as teammates for two years, but did not get along, owing to their mutual competitiveness and personality differences.<ref name=":52">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti scored his last IndyCar win during the 1993 Phoenix race.<ref name="NYTimes04051993" /> At 53 years and 34 days old, he became the oldest recorded winner of an IndyCar event.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Later that year, he qualified on pole at the Michigan 500 with a speed of Template:Convert, setting a new closed-course world record.<ref name=":60" />Template:Rp He finished sixth in the season standings, while Mansell won the title.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti decided to race one final season, dubbed "The Arrivederci Tour." In 1994, the team as a whole took a step back, and Newman/Haas went winless for the first time. At his 407th, and final, IndyCar race, at Laguna Seca, Andretti's race was initially derailed by a flat tire, but he weaved his way back up to seventh. His engine failed with four laps to go.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="8W" /> At the time of his retirement, his 52 wins were the second-most in history, behind only A. J. Foyt's 67. (Scott Dixon passed him in 2022.)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His 7,595 laps led remain the all-time record, nearly 1,000 laps higher than second-placed Michael Andretti's 6,692.<ref name=":35" /> His 67 pole positions were the all-time record. (Will Power passed him in 2022.)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Indianapolis 500

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Andretti won once at the Indianapolis 500 in 29 attempts, despite three pole positions and seven top-three grid placements.<ref name=":63">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He finished all Template:Convert just five times,<ref name=":63" /> and quipped that "if it had been the Indy 400, I'd have had at least six."<ref name=":58" /> He had so many incidents and near victories at the track that critics have suggested the existence of an "Andretti Curse."<ref name="KnightRidder">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti occasionally did well at Indianapolis. He won the 1969 race, but benefited from good luck: he completed the race in the team's backup car, a now-outdated Brawner Hawk, and on just one set of tires. His race engineer said that the Hawk's gearbox was failing and would not have lasted another five laps.<ref name=":39" /> He was also the first driver to exceed Template:Convert, during practice for the 1977 race.<ref name="ESPNclassic" />

Starting in 1981, Andretti encountered several out-of-the-ordinary instances of bad luck at the Indianapolis 500. In 1981, he lost after Bobby Unser passed cars under caution.<ref name=":24">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1985, he finished second to Danny Sullivan, who miraculously spun without crashing.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1987, he led 170 of the first 177 laps but slowed down to preserve his engine, which ironically caused the engine to fail.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1992, he broke six toes, his son Jeff broke both legs, and his son Michael lost a 28-second lead with 12 laps to go due to a mechanical failure.<ref name="Andretti book">Template:Cite book</ref> Finally, in his last serious chance at a win in 1993, he led the most laps, but his race was derailed after the team incorrectly changed the tire stagger on his car during a late pit stop.<ref name=":41">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":52" /> In addition, in 2003, the 63-year-old Andretti tested the injured Tony Kanaan's car at Indianapolis but got into a "spectacular" airborne crash when Kenny Bräck crashed in front of him; he escaped with minor injuries.<ref name="8W" /> Reflecting on the curse in 2019, Andretti said that while he "think[s] about all the times [he] should have won here," he also won in 1969, "when everything went wrong."<ref name=":39" />

Sportscar racing career

North American endurance racing

Andretti's first race in a sportscar was in 1965, when he piloted a Ferrari 275 P at the Bridgehampton 500 km at Bridgehampton; he did not finish.<ref name=":34">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti won three 12 Hours of Sebring endurance races (1967, 1970, 1972),<ref name="sportscentury" /> and a 6-hour race at Daytona in 1972.<ref name="Daytona6Hours">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In early sportscar races he competed for Holman-Moody, but later often drove for Ferrari.<ref name=":34" />

Andretti signed with Ferrari in 1971, and won several races with co-driver Jacky Ickx.<ref name="FormulaOneBio" /> In 1972, he shared wins in the three North American rounds of the championship and at Brands Hatch in the UK, helping Ferrari to a dominant victory in that year's World Championship for Makes.<ref name=":53">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also competed in 25 North American Can-Am races in the late 1960s and early 1970s, with a best finish of third place at Riverside in 1969.<ref name=":34" />

Le Mans

Andretti competed at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in four decades. In 1966, he shared a Holman-Moody Ford Mk II with Lucien Bianchi. They retired due to valve failure.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1967, during a 3:30 am pit stop, a mechanic accidentally installed a front brake pad backwards, causing Andretti's brakes to lock up at the Dunlop Bridge. He crashed, broke several ribs,<ref name=":36">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and was left exposed to oncoming traffic, but Roger McCluskey pulled him to safety.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

File:1989Porsche962MarioAndrettiMichaelAndrettiMillerHighLife.jpg

Andretti's 1988 Porsche 962, co-driven with son Michael.

Andretti did not return to Le Mans until ending his full-time Formula One career. In Template:24hLM, he partnered with son Michael in a Mirage M12 Ford. They qualified in ninth place, but although their car passed initial inspection several days earlier,<ref name="ian">Template:Cite book</ref> it was disqualified shortly before the race started due to an improper oil cooler.<ref name=":36" /> They returned the following year and finished third in a Porsche customer car, behind two works Porsches.<ref name="8W" /> The Andrettis returned in Template:24hLM with Mario's nephew John added to the family team. Although they obtained a factory Porsche 962, one of the car's engine cylinders failed,<ref name=":36" /> and the team finished fifth.<ref name="8W" />

Following Andretti's retirement from full-time racing, he decided to try for another Le Mans victory, joining Courage Compétition from 1995 to 1997. In Template:24hLM, the team qualified third, but Andretti was brake-checked by the car in front of him and crashed, forcing him to pit and costing the team six laps. The team eventually rallied from 25th to second in the overall classification,<ref name="8W" /> and finished first in the LMP1 class.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti later said that the team "lost [the 1995] race five times over" through poor organization, including a botched pit stop, an ill-considered switch to wet-weather tires, and a two-minute pit stop to wash the car to clean up the sponsor decals.<ref name=":36" /> Porsche withdrew active support from Courage in Template:24hLM,<ref name=":36" /> and the team finished 16th after losing 90 minutes in the pits fixing an electronic issue and a broken axle.<ref name="8W" /> In Template:24hLM, the "now ancient Courage" was a backmarker and the team did not finish the race.<ref name="8W" /> Andretti's final appearance at Le Mans was at the 2000 race, six years after his retirement from full-time racing. The 60-year-old Andretti drove the Panoz LMP-1 Roadster-S to a 15th-place finish.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Awards and honors

Legacy

citation

CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Competition	Wins
American Championship Car (IndyCar)	52
USAC Silver Crown Series	5
Formula One	12
F1 Non-Championship	1
Formula 5000	7
Sports car	7
Stock car	2
IROC	3
USAC Sprint Car	9
Midget Car	9
3/4 Midget Car	4

Over the course of his long career, Andretti won over 100 races on major circuits, although the exact numbers vary depending on the definition of a major circuit. The International Motorsports Hall of Fame puts the total at either 109 or 111,<ref name=":67">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> while Andretti and the Automotive Hall of Fame put the total at 111.<ref name=":37" /><ref name=":28">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti's name has become synonymous with speed in American popular culture.<ref name="C16">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> An extremely versatile driver, Andretti stands alone, or close to it, in several lists of drivers to win in multiple categories:

• Only driver to win the Indianapolis 500 (1969), Daytona 500 (1967), and the Formula One World Drivers' Championship (1978) (as of 2025).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• One of only two drivers (including Dan Gurney) to have won races in Formula One, IndyCar, the World Sportscar Championship, and NASCAR (as of 2019).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• One of only three drivers to have won major races on road courses, paved ovals, and dirt tracks in one season, a feat that he accomplished four times (as of 2007).<ref name="sportscentury" />

With his final IndyCar win in April 1993, Andretti became the first driver to have won IndyCar races in four different decades<ref name="NYTimes04051993">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="8W" /> and the first to win automobile races of any kind in five.<ref name="sportscentury">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As of 2024, Andretti's victory at the 1978 Dutch Grand Prix is the most recent Formula One win by an American driver.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Awards

Andretti was named Driver of the Century by the Associated Press (1999) and RACER magazine (2000).<ref name=":28" /><ref name=":38" /> In 1992, he was voted the U.S. Driver of the Quarter Century by a panel of journalists and former U.S. Drivers of the Year.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was named the U.S. Driver of the Year in 1967, 1978, and 1984,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and is the only driver to be Driver of the Year in three decades.<ref name="ESPN" />

Andretti has been inducted into a variety of motorsports hall of fames, including the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 2000.<ref name="IMHoF">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Other halls of fame include the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame (1986),<ref name=":38">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America (1990),<ref name="MSHoF">Mario Andretti at the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America</ref> the U.S. National Sprint Car Hall of Fame (1996),<ref name="NSCHoF" /> the Automotive Hall of Fame (2005),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the USAC Hall of Fame (2012),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the FIA Hall of Fame (2017),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the U.S. National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame (2019).<ref name=":38" />

Various race tracks have named areas after Andretti, including "The Andretti" (the final turn of the Circuit of the Americas),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the "Andretti Hairpin" (turn 2 at Laguna Seca),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the "Andretti Road" (the grandstand driveway at Pocono).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Indianapolis renamed a portion of a street "Mario Andretti Drive" in 2019 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of his 1969 Indianapolis 500 win.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Nazareth, Pennsylvania renamed Andretti's home street of Market Street to "Victory Lane" after he won the Indianapolis 500.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 2003, the Champ Car World Series race at Road America was renamed the "Mario Andretti Grand Prix" after Andretti helped broker a deal to keep it on the CCWS calendar.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Andretti has also been honored by the Vince Lombardi Cancer Foundation (2007)<ref name="AndrettiPBio">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the Simeone Foundation (2008).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

On October 23, 2006, the Italian government made Andretti a Commendatore of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (OMRI), the most senior Italian order of merit, in honor of Andretti's racing career and commitment to his Italian heritage.<ref name="CCWScommendatore">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2008, Andretti was also named the honorary mayor of an association of Italian exiles from Andretti's birthplace of Montona.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti has also received the Carnegie Corporation's Great Immigrants Award (2006, the inaugural class);<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the Italy–USA Foundation's America Award (2015);<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and honorary citizenship of Lucca, Italy (2016).<ref name=":54" /> In 2004, he was the grand marshal of the New York City Columbus Day parade.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Personal life

File:MarioAndrettiAndJohnAndrettiMay2007.jpg

Mario (left) with nephew John at the 2007 Indianapolis 500.

Andretti lives in Bushkill Township, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Nazareth, on an estate that he named "Villa Montona" in honor of his birthplace.<ref name=":54" /> His late wife Dee Ann (née Hoch)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> was a native of Nazareth. They met when Dee Ann was teaching Andretti English in 1961.<ref name="ESPNclassic" /><ref>Spanish Grand Prix, Eric della Faille Photograph Collection, Revs Institute, Revs Digital Library.</ref> They were married on November 25, 1961, and had three children (Michael, Jeff, and Barbara) and seven grandchildren.<ref name=":47">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Dee Ann died on July 2, 2018, following a heart attack.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andretti racing family

Both of Mario Andretti's sons, Michael and Jeff, were auto racers. Michael joined CART in 1983 and won the 1991 title; he also finished second on five occasions.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was U.S. Driver of the Year in 1991,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and was third on the all-time IndyCar career wins list when he retired.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Jeff Andretti competed in CART from 1990 to 1994.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Mario's nephew John Andretti competed in CART and NASCAR, winning one CART race in 1991 and two NASCAR races in 1997 and 1999.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In addition, in 2006, Mario's grandson Marco won the Indy Racing League Rookie of the Year award<ref name=":42">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year Award, as Mario, Michael, and Jeff had done before him.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

During the 1991 CART season, the Andrettis became the first family to have four relatives compete in the same series.<ref name="ESPN" /> In addition, the Andrettis have competed as a team in endurance racing. Mario, Michael, and John finished 6th at the 1988 24 Hours of Le Mans.<ref name="8W" /> Mario, Michael, and Jeff finished 5th at the 1991 Rolex 24 at Daytona.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Business

File:Pocono Raceway IndyCar returns announcment.JPG

Andretti (second from right) in 2011, announcing the return of Pocono Raceway to the IndyCar Series schedule.

Following his retirement, Andretti has remained active in the racing community. He serves on the board of the Cadillac Formula One team,<ref name="GMF1PR">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which will join Formula One in Template:F1.<ref name="CadiF1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Since 2012, Andretti has been the official ambassador for the Circuit of the Americas (COTA) and the United States Grand Prix.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In the media, Andretti test drives cars for Road & Track and Car and Driver magazines<ref name="C16" /> and has penned a racing column for the Indianapolis Star.<ref name="Istria">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also participated in the 2006 Bullrun Rally from New York to Los Angeles.<ref name="C16" />

Andretti's business interests extend beyond racing. When he retired at age 54, his personal fortune was estimated at $100 million.<ref name=":4" /> In 1995, Andretti and Joe Antonini saved a struggling Napa Valley vineyard and renamed it the Andretti Winery.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Andretti was interviewed about his winemaking activities for the documentary A State of Vine (2007).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1997, he founded Andretti Petroleum, which owns a chain of gasoline stations and car washes in Northern California.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also owns a chain of go-kart tracks.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was the title character of several video games, including Mario Andretti's Racing Challenge (1991),<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Mario Andretti Racing (1994),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Andretti Racing (1996/1997), the latter in association with his sons.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Film and television appearances

Andretti has contributed to several racing films. He features in and partially narrates The Speed Merchants (1972), a documentary about the 1972 World Sportscar Championship,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in which Andretti's Ferrari won the constructors' championship.<ref name=":53" /> He also drove an IndyCar in the IMAX film Super Speedway (1996).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":60" />Template:Rp He also appeared in the documentary Dust to Glory (2005), which discusses a race in which he served as grand marshal.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In November 2015, he appeared on the first season of TV series Jay Leno's Garage, driving Leno in multiple fast cars and talking about his racing career.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Andretti has also made cameo or guest appearances in other media, generally associated with racing. Like many other IndyCar drivers, he guested on the television show Home Improvement.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He cameoed in Bobby Deerfield (1977);<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Pixar's Cars (2006) (an animated film where he was represented by a sentient version of the Ford Fairlane in which he won the 1967 Daytona 500);<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> and DreamWorks' Turbo (2013) (where he voiced the traffic director at Indianapolis Motor Speedway).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Racing record

Racing career summary

Season	Series	Team	Races	Wins	Poles	F/Laps	Podiums	Points	Position
1964	USAC Championship Car	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	8	0	0	0	1	530	11th
		Lee S Glessner	1	0	0	0	0
		Doug Stearly	1	0	0	0	0
1965	USAC Championship Car	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	16	1	3	?	10	3110	1st
1966	USAC Championship Car	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	14	8	9	?	9	3070	1st
		Jim Robbins	1	0	0	0	0
	NASCAR Grand National Series	Owens Racing	4	0	0	0	0	N/A	NC
	24 Hours of Le Mans	Holman & Moody	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	DNF
1967	USAC Championship Car	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	19	8	4	?	13	3360	2nd
	NASCAR Grand National Series	Holman & Moody	6	1	0	?	1	N/A	51st
	World Sportscar Championship	Ford Motor Co.	2	1	?	1	1	N/A	NC
1968	USAC Championship Car	Andretti Racing Enterprises	27	4	8	?	16	4319	2nd
	NASCAR Grand National Series	Holman & Moody	3	0	0	?	0	N/A	51st
	Formula One	Gold Leaf Team Lotus	1	0	1	0	0	0	NC
	World Sportscar Championship	Autodelta SpA	1	0	0	0	0	0	6th
1969	USAC Championship Car	STP Corporation	24	9	5	?	13	5055	1st
	Can-Am	Holman & Moody	4	0	0	0	1	22	11th
	Formula One	Gold Leaf Team Lotus	3	0	0	0	0	NC	0
	NASCAR Grand National Series	Holman & Moody	1	0	0	0	0	NC	0
1970	USAC Championship Car	STP Corporation	18	1	4	?	4	1890	5th
	Formula One	STP Corporation	5	0	0	0	1	4	15th
	Can-Am	SEFAC Ferrari	1	0	0	0	0	8	23rd
1971	USAC Championship Car	STP Corporation	10	0	0	?	1	1370	9th
	Formula One	SEFAC Ferrari	5	1	0	1	1	12	8th
	Can-Am	SEFAC Ferrari	1	0	0	0	0	10	19th
1972	USAC Championship Car	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	10	0	1	?	2	1135	11th
	Formula One	SEFAC Ferrari	5	0	0	0	0	4	12th
1973	USAC Championship Car	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	15	1	1	?	3	2400	5th
1974	USAC Championship Car	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	11	0	1	?	1	655	15th
	SCCA Continental Championship		7	3	6	2	5	97	2nd
	Formula One		2	0	0	0	0	0	NC
	World Sportscar Championship	Autodelta	1	0	0	0	0	0	NC
1975	Formula One	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	12	0	0	1	0	5	14th
	SCCA Continental Championship		9	4	8	2	5	165	2nd
	USAC Championship Car		3	0	0	0	0	210	23rd
		Sugaripe Prune Racing Team	1	0	0	0	1
1976	Formula One	John Player Team Lotus	13	1	1	1	3	22	6th
		Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	2	0	0	0	0
	USAC Championship Car	Penske Racing	4	0	0	?	1	1200	9th
1977	Formula One	John Player Team Lotus	17	4	7	4	5	47	3rd
	USAC Championship Car	Penske Racing	6	0	0	?	1	1580	7th
1978	Formula One	John Player Team Lotus	16	6	8	3	7	64	1st
	USAC Championship Car	Penske Racing	8	1	0	?	1	681	17th
1979	Formula One	Martini Racing Team Lotus	14	0	0	0	1	14	12th
	BMW M1 Procar Championship	BMW Motorsport	3	0	0	0	0	2	27th
	PPG Indy Car World Series	Penske Racing	1	0	0	?	1	700	11th
1980	Formula One	Team Essex Lotus	14	0	0	0	0	1	20th
	PPG Indy Car World Series	Penske Racing	4	1	2	?	2	580	16th
	USAC Championship Car	Penske Racing	2	0	0	?	0	40	37th
	BMW M1 Procar Championship	BMW Motorsport	1	0	0	?	0	0	NC
1981	Formula One	Marlboro Team Alfa Romeo	15	0	0	0	0	3	17th
	PPG Indy Car World Series	Patrick Racing	7	0	1	?	4	81	11th
1981-82	USAC Championship Car	Patrick Racing	2	0	0	?	1	805	6th
1982	PPG Indy Car World Series	Patrick Racing	11	0	0	?	6	188	3rd
	Formula One	Ferrari	2	0	1	0	1	4	19th
		TAG Williams Team	1	0	0	0	0
	24 Hours of Le Mans	Grand Touring Cars Inc.	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	DNS
1982-83	USAC Championship Car	Newman/Haas Racing	1	0	0	?	0	15	32nd
1983	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	13	2	2	2	6	133	3rd
	24 Hours of Le Mans	Porsche Kremer Racing	1	0	0	0	1	N/A	3rd
1983-84	USAC Championship Car	Newman/Haas Racing	1	0	0	?	0	20	20th
1984	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	16	6	8	6	8	176	1st
	IMSA GT Championship	Porsche AG	1	0	1	0	0	N/A	NC
1985	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	14	3	3	3	5	114	5th
1986	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	17	2	3	2	4	136	5th
1987	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	15	2	7	2	3	100	6th
1988	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	15	2	0	2	7	126	5th
	24 Hours of Le Mans	Porsche AG	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	6th
1989	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	15	0	0	0	4	110	6th
	IMSA GT Championship	Busby Racing	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	NC
1990	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	16	0	0	0	4	136	7th
1991	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	17	0	0	0	4	132	7th
	IMSA GT Championship	Jochen Dauer Racing	1	0	0	0	0	18	29th
1992	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	15	0	1	0	1	105	6th
1993	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	16	1	1	1	3	117	6th
1994	PPG Indy Car World Series	Newman/Haas Racing	16	0	0	0	1	45	14th
1995	24 Hours of Le Mans	Courage Compétition	1	0	0	0	1	N/A	2nd
1996	24 Hours of Le Mans	Courage Compétition	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	13th
1997	24 Hours of Le Mans	Courage Compétition	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	DNF
2000	24 Hours of Le Mans	Panoz Motorsports	1	0	0	0	0	N/A	15th

American open-wheel racing

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

USAC Championship Car

USAC Championship Car results
Year	Team	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	Template:Tooltip	Pts
1964	Doug Stearly	Elder 61 FE	Offenhauser	PHX	TRE 11	INDY	MIL																									11th	530
	Lee S Glessner	Meskowski 58 D						LAN 9
	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	Blum 64 FE							TRE 11		MIL 3			TRE 22		PHX 18
		Kuzma 60 D								ISF 6		DSF 15	INF 10		SAC 8
1965	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	Blum 64 FE	Offenhauser	PHX 6	TRE 2							ATL 2	LAN 4																			1st	3110
		Hawk I	Ford 255 ci V8			INDY 3	MIL 4	LAN 2	PPR	TRE Wth	IRP 1			MIL 2		MIL 16			TRE 13		PHX 2
		Kuzma 60 D	Offenhauser												ISF 3		DSF 15	INF 2		SAC 3
1966	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	Hawk I	Ford 255 ci V8	PHX 15	TRE 4	INDY 18	MIL 1	LAN 1	ATL 1	PPR	IRP 1			MIL 1			TRE 1		PHX 1													1st	3070
	Jim Robbins	Vollstedt 65										LAN 21
	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	Kuzma 60 D	Offenhauser										ISF 2		DSF 15	INF 1		SAC 10
1967	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	Hawk I	Ford 255 ci V8	PHX DNS																												2nd	3360
		Hawk II			TRE 1	INDY 30	MIL Wth	LAN 3				IRP 1	LAN 1	MTR 1	MTR 1		MIL 1			TRE 25		HAN 24	PHX 1	RSD 3
	Bobby Unser	Lotus 18/21	Chevrolet V8						PPR 14
	Dean Van Lines Racing Division	Hawk II								MOS 21	MOS 11
		Kuzma 60 D	Offenhauser													ISF 2		DSF 2	INF 1		SAC 2
1968	Andretti Racing Enterprises	Hawk II	Ford 255 ci V8	HAN 23	LVS 2	PHX 15	TRE 2						PPR 4										MIL 2									2nd	4319
		Hawk III	Ford 159ci V8 t					INDY 33
			Ford 255 ci V8						MIL 2	MOS 2	MOS 2	LAN 17		CDR 15		IRP 2	IRP 2			MTR 1	MTR 1										RSD 18
		Kuzma 60 D	Offenhauser												NAZ 2							ISF 18		DSF 1	INF 2		SAC 4
	Leader Card Racers	Watson 68	Offy 159 ci t															LAN 23	LAN
	Andretti Racing Enterprises	Hawk II																								TRE 1		MCH 2	HAN 3	PHX 24
1969	STP Corporation	Hawk III	Ford 159ci V8 t	PHX 16	HAN 1	INDY 1	MIL 7					TRE 1			MIL 4		DOV 11					TRE 1				PHX 21						1st	5055
			Ford 255 ci V8					LAN 5		CDR 10			IRP 9	IRP 2						BRN 4	BRN 3			SIR 1	SIR 2		RSD 1
		Kingfish D	Chevrolet V8						PPR 1
		Kuzma 60 D	Offenhauser								NAZ 1					ISF 1		DSF 2	INF 6				SAC 15
1970	STP Corporation	Hawk III	Ford 159ci V8 t	PHX 13		TRE 2			LAN 8		MCH 21			MIL 24							PHX 8											5th	1890
			Ford 255 ci V8		SON 2
		McNamara T-500	Ford 159ci V8 t				INDY 6	MIL 5							ONT 10				TRE 21
			Ford 255 ci V8							CDR 1		IRP 18
		Kingfish 70 D	Ford Weslake Mk.IV										ISF 24			DSF 17	INF 11	SED 2		SAC 14
1971	STP Corporation	McNamara T-501	Ford 159ci V8 t	RAF	RAF	PHX 9	TRE 18	INDY 30	MIL 11	POC 4	MCH 12	MIL 19	ONT 33	TRE 2	PHX 4																	9th	1370
1972	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Colt 70/72	Offy 159 ci t	PHX 2																												11th	1135
		Parnelli VPJ1			TRE 22	INDY 8	MIL 8	MCH 12	POC 7	MIL 11	ONT 27	TRE 28	PHX 3
1973	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Parnelli VPJ2	Offy 159 ci t	TWS 25	TRE 4	TRE 1	INDY 30	MIL 8	POC 7	MCH 5	MIL 19	ONT	ONT 12	ONT 2	MCH 5	MCH 2	TRE 7	TWS 17	PHX 7													5th	2400
1974	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Parnelli VPJ2	Offy 159 ci t	ONT	ONT 9	ONT 25																										15th	655
		Eagle 74					PHX 5		INDY 31		POC 17	MCH 18	MIL 8	MCH 10	TRE	TRE	PHX 3
		Parnelli VPJ3						TRE 9		MIL 17
1975	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Eagle 74	Offy 159 ci t	ONT	ONT	ONT 28	PHX	TRE	INDY 28	MIL	POC 25	MCH	MIL	MCH	TRE																	23rd	210
	Sugaripe Prune Racing Team															PHX 3
1976	Penske Racing	McLaren M16C	Offy 159 ci t	PHX	TRE	INDY 8	MIL	POC 5	MCH	TWS	TRE	MIL	ONT	MCH	TWS 4	PHX 3																9th	1200
1977	Penske Racing	McLaren M24	Cosworth DFX V8 t	ONT	PHX DNS	TWS	TRE 16	INDY 26	MIL	POC 2	MOS	MCH	TWS	MIL	ONT 4		PHX 4															7th	1580
		Penske PC-5														MCH 20
1978	Penske Racing	Penske PC-6	Cosworth DFX V8 t	PHX	ONT 15	TWS 5	TRE 13	INDY 12	MOS	MIL	POC 23	MCH	ATL	TWS	MIL	ONT	MCH 20	TRE 1	SIL	BRH	PHX 7											17th	681
1980	Penske Racing	Penske PC-9	Cosworth DFX V8 t	ONT	INDY 20	MIL	POC 17	MDO																								37th	40
1981-82	Patrick Racing	Wildcat MK8	Cosworth DFX V8 t	INDY 2	POC	ISF	DSF	INF																								6th	805
		Wildcat MK8B							INDY 31
1982-83	Newman/Haas Racing	Lola T700	Cosworth DFX V8 t	ISF	DSF	NAZ	INDY 23																									32nd	15
1983-84	Newman/Haas Racing	Lola T800	Cosworth DFX V8 t	DSF	INDY 17																											20th	20
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PPG Indy Car World Series

PPG Indy Car World Series results
Year	Team	No.	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	Template:Tooltip	Pts	Ref
1979	Penske Racing	99	Penske PC-7	Cosworth DFX V8 t	PHX	ATL	ATL	INDY	TRE	TRE	MCH	MCH	WGL	TRE	ONT 3	MCH DNS	ATL	PHX				11th	700	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1980	Penske Racing	12	Penske PC-8	Cosworth DFX V8 t	ONT	INDY 20	MIL	POC 17	MDO	MCH	WGL	MIL	ONT	MCH 1	MEX	PHX 2						16th	580	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1981	Patrick Racing	40	Wildcat MK8	Cosworth DFX V8 t	PHX 11	MIL 3	ATL 3	ATL 2	MCH	RIV	MIL	MCH 2	WGL 16	MEX	PHX 4							11th	81	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1982	Patrick Racing		Wildcat MK8B	Cosworth DFX V8 t	PHX 2	ATL 11	MIL 9	CLE 2	MCH 2	MIL 3	POC 14	RIV 23	ROA 14	MCH 2	PHX 3							3rd	188	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1983	Newman/Haas Racing	3	Lola T700	Cosworth DFX V8 t	ATL 5	INDY 23	MIL 18	CLE 14	MCH 3	ROA 1	POC 7	RIV 16	MDO 2	MCH 4	CPL 1	LAG 2	PHX 2					3rd	133	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1984	Newman/Haas Racing		Lola T800	Cosworth DFX V8 t	LBH 1	PHX 20	INDY 17	MIL 8	POR 26	MEA 1	CLE 21	MCH 1	ROA 1	POC 19	MDO 1	SAN 7	MCH 1	PHX 12	LAG 2	CPL 2		1st	176	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1985	Newman/Haas Racing	1	Lola T900	Cosworth DFX V8 t	LBH 1	INDY 2	MIL 1	POR 1	MEA 26	CLE 14	MCH 10	ROA	POC 7	MDO 7	SAN 15	MCH 21	LAG 11	PHX 3	MIA 27			5th	114	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1986	Newman/Haas Racing	5	Lola T86/00	Cosworth DFX V8 t	PHX 7	LBH 5	INDY 32	MIL 5	POR 1	MEA 24	CLE 3	TOR 3	MCH 21	POC 1	MDO 24	SAN 8	MCH 10	ROA 9	LAG 4	PHX 4	MIA 11	5th	136	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1987	Newman/Haas Racing		Lola T87/00	Chevrolet 265A V8 t	LBH 1	PHX 5	INDY 9	MIL 17	POR 10	MEA 2	CLE 10	TOR 15	MCH 19	POC 19	ROA 1	MDO 17	NAZ 19	LAG 17	MIA 4			6th	100	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1988	Newman/Haas Racing	6	Lola T88/00	Chevrolet 265A V8 t	PHX 1	LBH 15		MIL 17	POR 5	CLE 1	TOR 25	MEA 2	MCH 12	POC 17	MDO 2	ROA 3	NAZ 3	LAG 3	MIA 15			5th	126	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
			Lola T87/00				INDY 20
1989	Newman/Haas Racing	5	Lola T89/00	Chevrolet 265A V8 t	PHX 8	LBH 18	INDY 4	MIL 7	DET 3	POR 25	CLE 2	MEA 20	TOR 26	MCH 3	POC 5	MDO 7	ROA 7	NAZ 8	LAG 2			6th	110	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1990	Newman/Haas Racing	6	Lola T90/00	Chevrolet 265A V8 t	PHX 4	LBH 5	INDY 27	MIL 21	DET 25	POR 2	CLE 4	MEA 24	TOR 6	MCH 3	DEN 4	VAN 3	MDO 2	ROA 5	NAZ 4	LAG 26		7th	136	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1991	Newman/Haas Racing		Lola T91/00	Chevrolet 265A V8 t	SRF 17	LBH 19	PHX 9	INDY 7	MIL 3	DET 7	POR 5	CLE 6	MEA 15	TOR 2	MCH 4	DEN 15	VAN 4	MDO 7	ROA 3	NAZ 5	LAG 3	7th	132	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1992	Newman/Haas Racing	2	Lola T91/00	Ford XB V8 t	SRF 7																	6th	105	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
			Lola T92/00			PHX 17	LBH 23	INDY 23	DET	POR 6	MIL 6	NHA 7	TOR 4	MCH 15	CLE 5	ROA 5	VAN 6	MDO 5	NAZ 5	LAG 2
1993	Newman/Haas Racing	6	Lola T93/00	Ford XB V8 t	SRF 4	PHX 1	LBH 18	INDY 5	MIL 18	DET 3	POR 6	CLE 5	TOR 8	MCH 2	NHA 20	ROA 15	VAN 5	MDO 7	NAZ 13	LAG 9		6th	117	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1994	Newman/Haas Racing		Lola T94/00	Ford XB V8 t	SRF 3	PHX 21	LBH 5	INDY 32	MIL 14	DET 18	POR 9	CLE 27	TOR 4	MCH 18	MDO 10	NHA 19	VAN 11	ROA 16	NAZ 25	LAG 19		14th	45	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
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Indianapolis 500

Year	Chassis	Engine	Start	Finish	Team
1965	Hawk	Ford	4	3	Dean Van Lines Racing Division
1966	Hawk	Ford	1	18	Dean Van Lines Racing Division
1967	Hawk	Ford	1	30	Dean Van Lines Racing Division
1968	Hawk	Ford	4	33	Andretti Racing Enterprises
1969	Hawk	Ford	2	1	STP Corporation
1970	McNamara	Ford	8	6	STP Corporation
1971	McNamara	Ford	9	30	STP Corporation
1972	Parnelli	Offenhauser	5	8	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing
1973	Parnelli	Offenhauser	6	30	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing
1974	Eagle	Offenhauser	5	31	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing
1975	Eagle	Offenhauser	27	28	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing
1976	McLaren	Offenhauser	19	8	Penske Racing
1977	McLaren	Cosworth	6	26	Penske Racing
1978	Penske	Cosworth	33	12	Penske Racing
1980	Penske	Cosworth	2	20	Penske Racing
1981	Wildcat	Cosworth	32	2	Patrick Racing
1982	Wildcat	Cosworth	4	31	Patrick Racing
1983	Lola	Cosworth	11	23	Newman/Haas Racing
1984	Lola	Cosworth	6	17	Newman/Haas Racing
1985	Lola	Cosworth	4	2	Newman/Haas Racing
1986	Lola	Cosworth	30	32	Newman/Haas Racing
1987	Lola	Chevrolet	1	9	Newman/Haas Racing
1988	Lola	Chevrolet	4	20	Newman/Haas Racing
1989	Lola	Chevrolet	5	4	Newman/Haas Racing
1990	Lola	Chevrolet	6	27	Newman/Haas Racing
1991	Lola	Chevrolet	3	7	Newman/Haas Racing
1992	Lola	Ford-Cosworth	3	23	Newman/Haas Racing
1993	Lola	Ford-Cosworth	2	5	Newman/Haas Racing
1994	Lola	Ford-Cosworth	9	32	Newman/Haas Racing
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NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Grand National Series

NASCAR Grand National Series results
Year	Team	No.	Make	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45	46	47	48	49	50	51	52	53	54	Template:Tooltip	Pts	Ref
1966	Bondy Long	71	Chevy	AUG	RSD Template:Small	DAY																																																				NA	0	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Smokey Yunick	13	Chevy				DAY Template:Small	DAY Template:Small	CAR	BRI	ATL	HCY	CLB	GPS	BGS	NWS	MAR	DAR	LGY	MGR	MON	RCH	CLT	DTS	ASH	PIF	SMR	AWS	BLV	GPS
	Owens Racing	5	Dodge																												DAY Template:Small	ODS	BRR	OXF	FON	ISP	BRI	SMR	NSV	ATL	CLB	AWS	BLV	BGS	DAR	HCY	RCH	HBO	MAR	NWS	CLT	CAR
1967	Holman Moody	114	Ford	AUG	RSD Template:Small	DAY																																																				NA	0	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		11					DAY Template:Small	DAY Template:Small	AWS	BRI	GPS	BGS	ATL Template:Small	CLB	HCY	NWS	MAR	SVH	RCH	DAR	BLV	LGY	CLT	ASH	MGR	SMR	BIR	CAR	GPS	MGY	DAY Template:Small	TRN	OXF	FDA	ISP	BRI	SMR	NSV	ATL	BGS	CLB	SVH	DAR	HCY	RCH	BLV	HBO	MAR	NWS	CLT Template:Small	CAR	AWS
1968				MGR	MGY	RSD Template:Small																						DAY Template:Small	ISP	OXF	FDA	TRN	BRI	SMR	NSV	ATL	CLB	BGS	AWS	SBO	LGY	DAR	HCY	RCH	BLV	HBO	MAR	NWS	AUG	CLT	CAR	JFC						NA	0	<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
			Mercury				DAY Template:Small	BRI	RCH	ATL	HCY	GPS	CLB	NWS	MAR	AUG	AWS	DAR	BLV	LGY	CLT	ASH	MGR	SMR	BIR	CAR	GPS
1969		97	Ford	MGR	MGY	RSD Template:Small	DAY	DAY	DAY	CAR	AUG	BRI	ATL	CLB	HCY	GPS	RCH	NWS	MAR	AWS	DAR	BLV	LGY	CLT	MGR	SMR	MCH	KPT	GPS	NCF	DAY	DOV	TPN	TRN	BLV	BRI	NSV	SMR	ATL	MCH	SBO	BGS	AWS	DAR	HCY	RCH	TAL	CLB	MAR	NWS	CLT	SVH	AUG	CAR	JFC	MGR	TWS	NA	0	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Daytona 500

Year	Team	Manufacturer	Start	Finish
1966	Smokey Yunick	Chevrolet	39	37
1967	Holman Moody	Ford	12	1*
1968		Mercury	20	29

24 Hours of Le Mans results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Laps	Template:Tooltip	Template:Tooltip
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Holman & Moody	Template:Flagicon Lucien Bianchi	Ford GT40 Mk.II	P +5.0	97	DNF	DNF
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Holman & Moody	Template:Flagicon Lucien Bianchi	Ford GT40 Mk.IV	P +5.0	188	DNF	DNF
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Grand Touring Cars Inc.	Template:Flagicon Michael Andretti	Mirage M12-Ford Cosworth	C	-	DNS	DNS
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Porsche Kremer Racing	Template:Flagicon Michael Andretti Template:Flagicon Philippe Alliot	Porsche 956	C	364	3rd	3rd
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Porsche AG	Template:Flagicon Michael Andretti Template:Flagicon John Andretti	Porsche 962C	C1	375	6th	6th
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Courage Compétition	Template:Flagicon Bob Wollek Template:Flagicon Éric Hélary	Courage C34-Porsche	WSC	297	2nd	1st
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Courage Compétition	Template:Flagicon Jan Lammers Template:Flagicon Derek Warwick	Courage C36-Porsche	LMP1	315	13th	3rd
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Courage Compétition	Template:Flagicon Michael Andretti Template:Flagicon Olivier Grouillard	Courage C36-Porsche	LMP	197	DNF	DNF
Template:24hLM	Template:Flagicon Panoz Motorsports	Template:Flagicon David Brabham Template:Flagicon Jan Magnussen	Panoz LMP-1 Roadster-S-Élan	LMP900	315	15th	8th
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Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Entrant	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	Template:Abbr	Pts
Template:F1	Gold Leaf Team Lotus	Lotus 49B	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	RSA	ESP	MON	BEL	NED	FRA	GBR	GER	ITA Template:Small	CAN	USA Template:Small	MEX						NC	0
Template:F1	Gold Leaf Team Lotus	Lotus 49B	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	RSA Template:Small	ESP	MON	NED	FRA	GBR												NC	0
		Lotus 63								GER Template:Small	ITA	CAN	USA Template:Small	MEX
Template:F1	STP Corporation	March 701	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	RSA Template:Small	ESP Template:Small	MON	BEL	NED	FRA	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	ITA	CAN	USA	MEX					16th	4
Template:F1	SEFAC Ferrari	Ferrari 312B	Ferrari 001 3.0 F12	RSA Template:Small	ESP Template:Small	MON Template:Small	NED Template:Small	FRA	GBR												8th	12
		Ferrari 312B2	Ferrari 001/1 3.0 F12							GER Template:Small	AUT	ITA	CAN Template:Small	USA Template:Small
Template:F1	SEFAC Ferrari	Ferrari 312B2	Ferrari 001/1 3.0 F12	ARG Template:Small	RSA Template:Small	ESP Template:Small	MON	BEL	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA Template:Small	CAN	USA Template:Small						12th	4
Template:F1	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Parnelli VPJ4	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ARG	BRA	RSA	ESP	BEL	MON	SWE	NED	FRA	GBR	GER	AUT	ITA	CAN Template:Small	USA Template:Small			NC	0
Template:F1	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Parnelli VPJ4	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ARG Template:Small	BRA Template:Small	RSA Template:Small	ESP Template:Small	MON Template:Small	BEL	SWE Template:Small	NED	FRA Template:Small	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	USA Template:Small				14th	5
Template:F1	John Player Team Lotus	Lotus 77	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	BRA Template:Small			ESP Template:Small	BEL Template:Small	MON	SWE Template:Small	FRA Template:Small	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	NED Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	CAN Template:Small	USA Template:Small	JPN Template:Small		6th	22
	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Parnelli VPJ4B			RSA Template:Small	USW Template:Small
Template:F1	John Player Team Lotus	Lotus 78	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ARG Template:Small	BRA Template:Small	RSA Template:Small	USW Template:Small	ESP Template:Small	MON Template:Small	BEL Template:Small	SWE Template:Small	FRA Template:Small	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	NED Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	USA Template:Small	CAN Template:Small	JPN Template:Small	3rd	47
Template:F1	John Player Team Lotus	Lotus 78	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ARG Template:Small	BRA Template:Small	RSA Template:Small	USW Template:Small	MON Template:Small													1st	64
		Lotus 79							BEL Template:Small	ESP Template:Small	SWE Template:Small	FRA Template:Small	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	NED Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	USA Template:Small	CAN Template:Small
Template:F1	Martini Racing Team Lotus	Lotus 79	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ARG Template:Small	BRA Template:Small	RSA Template:Small	USW Template:Small		BEL Template:Small			GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	NED Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	CAN Template:Small	USA Template:Small			12th	14
		Lotus 80						ESP Template:Small		MON Template:Small	FRA Template:Small
Template:F1	Team Essex Lotus	Lotus 81	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ARG Template:Small	BRA Template:Small	RSA Template:Small	USW Template:Small	BEL Template:Small	MON Template:Small	FRA Template:Small	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small	NED Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	CAN Template:Small	USA Template:Small				20th	1
Template:F1	Marlboro Team Alfa Romeo	Alfa Romeo 179C	Alfa Romeo 1260 3.0 V12	USW Template:Small	BRA Template:Small	ARG Template:Small	SMR Template:Small	BEL Template:Small	MON Template:Small	ESP Template:Small											17th	3
		Alfa Romeo 179B									FRA Template:Small	GBR Template:Small	GER Template:Small	AUT Template:Small
		Alfa Romeo 179D													NED Template:Small	ITA Template:Small	CAN Template:Small	CPL Template:Small
Template:F1	TAG Williams Team	Williams FW07C	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	RSA	BRA	USW Template:Small	SMR	BEL	MON	DET	CAN	NED	GBR	FRA	GER	AUT	SUI				19th	4
	Ferrari	Ferrari 126C2	Ferrari 021 1.5 V6 t															ITA Template:Small	CPL Template:Small
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Complete Formula One non-championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Entrant	Chassis	Engine	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
1971	Scuderia Ferrari SpA SEFAC	Ferrari 312B	Ferrari 001 3.0 F12	ARG	ROC	QUE Template:Small	SPR	INT	RIN	OUL	VIC
1975	Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing	Parnelli VPJ4	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ROC	INT Template:Small	SUI
1976	Walter Wolf Racing	Wolf–Williams FW05	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ROC	INT Template:Small
1977	John Player Team Lotus	Lotus 78	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ROC Template:Small
1978	John Player Team Lotus	Lotus 79	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	INT Template:Small
1979	Martini Racing Team Lotus	Lotus 79	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ROC Template:Small	GNM Template:Small	DIN
1980	Team Essex Lotus	Lotus 81	Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8	ESP Template:Small
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See also

• List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards

External links

• Template:Twitter
• Template:Racing-Reference driver
• Template:24 Hours of Le Mans driver