List of Solar System probes

This is a list of space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed), organized by their planned destination. It includes planetary probes, solar probes, and probes to asteroids and comets. Flybys (such as gravity assists) that were incidental to the main purpose of the mission are also included.

Excluded are lunar missions, which are listed separately at List of lunar probes and List of Apollo missions. Flybys of Earth are listed separately at List of Earth flybys. Planned and proposed missions are in the List of proposed Solar System probes.

Key

Colour key:

Template:Color box – Mission or flyby completed successfully (or partially successfully)		Template:Color box – Failed mission
Template:Color box – Mission en route or in progress (including mission extensions)

• ^† means "tentatively identified", as classified by NASA.<ref name=tentative>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> These are Cold War-era Soviet missions, mostly failures, about which few or no details have been officially released. The information given may be speculative.

• Date is the date of:

• closest encounter (flybys)
• impact (impactors)
• orbital insertion to end of mission, whether planned or premature (orbiters)
• landing to end of mission, whether planned or premature (landers)
• launch (missions that never got underway due to failure at or soon after launch)

In cases which do not fit any of the above, the event to which the date refers is stated. As a result of this scheme missions are not always listed in order of launch.

• Some of the terms used under Type:

• Flyby: The probe flies by an astronomical body, but does not orbit it
• Orbiter: Part of a probe that orbits an astronomical body
• Lander: Part of a probe that descend to the surface of an astronomical body
• Rover: Part of a probe that acts as a vehicle to move on the solid-surface of an astronomical body
• Penetrator: Part of a probe that impacts an astronomical body
• Atmospheric probe or balloon: Part of a probe that descend through or floats in the atmosphere of an astronomical body; not restricted to weather balloons and other atmospheric sounders, as it can also be used for surface and subsurface imaging and remote sensing.
• Sample return: Parts of the probe return to Earth with physical samples

• Under Status, in the case of flybys (such as gravity assists) that are incidental to the main mission, "success" indicates the successful completion of the flyby, not necessarily that of the main mission.

Solar probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} While the Sun is not physically explorable with current technology, the following solar observation probes have been designed and launched to operate in heliocentric orbit or at one of the Earth–Sun Lagrangian points – additional solar observatories were placed in Earth orbit and are not included in this list:

1960–1969

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Pioneer 5		Template:Flagicon NASA/ File:No image.svg DOD	March–April 1960	orbiter	success	measured magnetic field phenomena, solar flare particles, and ionization in the interplanetary region	File:Pioneer-5.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Pioneer 6(A)		Template:Flagicon NASA	December 1965 – still contactable in 2000	orbiter	success	network of solar-orbiting "space weather" monitors, observing solar wind, cosmic rays, and magnetic fields	File:Pioneer-6-9.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Pioneer 7(B)		Template:Flagicon NASA	August 1966 – still contactable in 1995	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
Pioneer 8(C)		Template:Flagicon NASA	December 1967 – still contactable in 2001	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
Pioneer 9(D)		Template:Flagicon NASA	November 1968 – May 1983	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
Pioneer-E		Template:Flagicon NASA	27 August 1969	orbiter	failure	intended as part of the Pioneer Template:Nowrap network; failed to reach orbit	File:Pioneer-6-9.jpg	Template:COSPAR

1974–1997

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Helios A		Template:Flagicon DFVLR/ Template:Flagicon NASA	November 1974 – 1982	orbiter	success	observations of solar wind, magnetic and electric fields, cosmic rays and cosmic dust between Earth and Sun	File:Helios spacecraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Helios B		Template:Flagicon DFVLR/ Template:Flagicon NASA	January 1976 – 1985?	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
ISEE-3		Template:Flagicon NASA	1978–1982	orbiter	success	observed solar phenomena in conjunction with earth-orbiting ISEE-1 and ISEE-2; later renamed International Cometary Explorer (ICE) and directed to Comet Giacobini-Zinner	File:ISEE3-ICE.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Ulysses (first pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon NASA	1994	orbiter	success	south polar observations	File:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			1995			north polar observations
WIND		Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	solar wind measurements	File:Wind probe.jpg	Template:COSPAR
SOHO		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	investigation of Sun's core, corona, and solar wind; comet discoveries	File:NASA SOHO spacecraft.png	Template:COSPAR
ACE		Template:Flagicon NASA	August 1997 – projected until 2024 <ref name = "ACE Home Page">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	solar wind observations	File:Advanced Composition Explorer.jpg	Template:COSPAR

Since 2000

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Ulysses (second pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon NASA	2000	orbiter	success	south polar observations	File:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			2001			north polar observations
Genesis		Template:Flagicon NASA	2001–2004	orbiter/ sample return	success	solar wind sample return; crash landed on return to Earth, much data salvaged	File:Genesis in collection mode.jpg	Template:COSPAR
STEREO A		Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="stereo-status">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="stereo-where">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	stereoscopic imaging of coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena	File:STEREO spacecraft.gif	Template:COSPAR
STEREO B		Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	stereoscopic imaging of coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena	File:STEREO spacecraft.gif	Template:COSPAR
Ulysses (third pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon NASA	2007	orbiter	success	south polar observations	File:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			2008		partial success	north polar observations; some data returned despite failing power and reduced transmission capacity
DSCOVR		Template:Flagicon NOAA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	solar wind and coronal mass ejection monitoring, as well as Earth climate monitoring	File:DSCOVR rendering (transparent bg).png	Template:COSPAR <ref>NASA.gov</ref>
Parker Solar Probe		Template:Flagicon NASA	November 2018 – December 2025	orbiter/flyby (approach 26 times)	en route	close-range solar coronal study	File:Parker Solar Probe.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="Solar probe">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Solar Orbiter		Template:Flagicon ESA	10 February 2020 (launch)	orbiter	en route	solar and heliospheric physics	File:Solar Orbiter orbiting the Sun.png	Template:COSPAR <ref name="ESA Solar Orbiter">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Aditya-L1		Template:Flagicon ISRO	2 September 2023 (launch)	orbiter	success	Solar corona observation	File:Aditya L1.png	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Mercury probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Mariner 10		Template:Flagicon NASA	29 March 1974	flyby	success	minimum distance 704 km	File:Mariner 10.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			Template:Nowrap			48,069 km
			16 March 1975			327 km
MESSENGER		Template:Flagicon NASA	14 January 2008	flyby	success	minimum distance 200 km	File:Messenger.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			6 October 2008			minimum distance 200 km
			29 September 2009			minimum distance 228 km
			18 March 2011 – 30 April 2015	orbiter	success	first spacecraft to orbit Mercury; unavoidable impact on the surface at end of mission
BepiColombo (Mercury Cruise System)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon JAXA	1 October 2021	flyby	success	minimum distance 199 km	File:BepiColombo spacecraft model.png	Template:COSPAR
			23 June 2022			minimum distance 200 km
			19 June 2023			minimum distance 236 km
			4 September 2024			citation			CitationClass=web }}</ref>
			1 December 2024			minimum distance 37,626 km
			8 January 2025			minimum distance 295 km
	Mercury Planetary Orbiter	Template:Flagicon ESA	21 November 2026 (orbital insertion) TBD 2027 (final MPO orbit)	orbiter	en route (attached to Mercury Cruise System)
	Mio (Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter)	Template:Flagicon JAXA	21 November 2026 (orbital insertion)	orbiter	en route (attached to Mercury Cruise System)

Venus probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Early programs encompassing multiple spacecraft include:

• Venera program — USSR Venus orbiter and lander (1961–1984)
• Pioneer Venus project — US Venus orbiter and entry probes (1978)
• Vega program — USSR mission to Venus and Comet Halley (1984)

1961–1969

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Tyazhely Sputnik		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	4 February 1961	lander	failure	failed to escape from Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Venera 1		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	19 May 1961 – 20 May 1961	flyby	failure	contact lost 7 days after launch; first spacecraft to fly by another planet		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 1		Template:Flagicon NASA	22 July 1962	flyby	failure	guidance failure shortly after launch		Template:COSPAR
Sputnik 19		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	25 August 1962	lander	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Sputnik 20		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	1 September 1962	lander	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Sputnik 21		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	12 September 1962	flyby	failure	third stage exploded		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 2		Template:Flagicon NASA	14 December 1962	flyby	success	first successful Venus flyby; minimum distance 34,773 km	File:Mariner 2 in space.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Cosmos 21†		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	11 November 1963	flyby	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Venera 1964A†		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	19 February 1964	flyby	failure	failed to reach Earth orbit		<ref name=tentative />
Venera 1964B†		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	1 March 1964	flyby	failure	failed to reach Earth orbit		<ref name=tentative />
Cosmos 27		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	27 March 1964	flyby	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Zond 1		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	1964	flyby and possible lander	failure	contact lost en route		Template:COSPAR
Cosmos 96		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	23 November 1965	lander	failure	did not depart low Earth orbit due to a launch failure		Template:COSPAR
Venera 1965A†		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	26 November 1965	flyby	failure	launch vehicle failure?		<ref name=tentative />
Venera 2		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	27 February 1966	flyby	failure	ceased to operate en route		Template:COSPAR
Venera 3		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	1 March 1966	lander	failure	contact lost before arrival; first spacecraft to impact on the surface of another planet		Template:COSPAR
Kosmos 167		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	17 June 1967	lander	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Venera 4		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	18 October 1967	atmospheric probe	success	continued to transmit to an altitude of 25 km		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 5		Template:Flagicon NASA	19 October 1967	flyby	success	minimum distance 5,000 km	File:Mariner 5.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Venera 5		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	16 May 1969	atmospheric probe	success	transmitted atmospheric data for 53 minutes, to an altitude of about 26 km		Template:COSPAR
Venera 6		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	17 May 1969	atmospheric probe	success	transmitted atmospheric data for 51 minutes, to an altitude of perhaps 10–12 km		Template:COSPAR

1970–1978

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Cosmos 359		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	22 August 1970	lander	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Venera 7		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	15 December 1970	lander	success	first successful landing on another planet; signals returned from surface for 23 minutes		Template:COSPAR
Cosmos 482		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	31 March 1972	lander	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Venera 8		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	22 July 1972	lander	success	signals returned from surface for 50 minutes		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 10		Template:Flagicon NASA	5 February 1974	flyby	success	minimum distance 5768 km, en route to Mercury; first use of gravity assist by an interplanetary spacecraft	File:Mariner 10.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Venera 9		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	1975	orbiter	success	first spacecraft to orbit Venus; communications relay for lander; atmospheric and magnetic studies	File:"Венера-10".jpg	Template:COSPAR
			22 October 1975	lander	success	first images from the surface; operated on surface for 53 minutes		Template:COSPAR
Venera 10		Template:Flagicon (USSR)	1975	orbiter	success	communications relay for lander; atmospheric and magnetic studies	File:"Венера-10".jpg	Template:COSPAR
			23 October 1975	lander	success	transmitted from surface for 65 minutes		Template:COSPAR
Pioneer Venus Orbiter		Template:Flagicon NASA	Template:Nowrap 1992	orbiter	success	atmospheric and magnetic studies	File:Pioneer Venus orbiter.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe		Template:Flagicon NASA	9 December 1978				File:Pioneer Venus 2 inspection.jpg
	bus			probe transporter	success	deployed four atmospheric probes, then burnt up in Venusian atmosphere, continuing to transmit to 110 km altitude		Template:COSPAR
	large probe			atmospheric probe	success			Template:COSPAR
	north probe			atmospheric probe	success			Template:COSPAR
	day probe			atmospheric probe	success	survived impact and continued to transmit from surface for over an hour		Template:COSPAR
	night probe			atmospheric probe	success			Template:COSPAR
Venera 12		Template:Flagicon SAS
	flight platform		21 December 1978	flyby	success	minimum distance 34,000 km; deployed lander and then acted as communications relay		Template:COSPAR
	descent craft		21 December 1978	lander	partial success	soft landing; transmissions returned for 110 minutes; failure of some instruments		Template:COSPAR
Venera 11		Template:Flagicon SAS				identical to Venera 12
	flight platform		Template:Nowrap	flyby	success	minimum distance 34,000 km; deployed lander and then acted as communications relay		Template:COSPAR
	descent craft		25 December 1978	lander	partial success	soft landing; transmissions returned for 95 minutes; failure of some instruments		Template:COSPAR

1982–1999

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Venera 13		Template:Flagicon SAS
	bus		1 March 1982	flyby	success	deployed lander and then acted as communications relay	File:1982 CPA 5278.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	descent craft		1 March 1982	lander	success	survived on surface for 127 minutes		Template:COSPAR
Venera 14		Template:Flagicon SAS				identical to Venera 13
	bus		5 March 1982	flyby	success	deployed lander and then acted as communications relay	File:1982 CPA 5278.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	descent craft		5 March 1982	lander	success	survived on surface for 57 minutes		Template:COSPAR
Venera 15		Template:Flagicon SAS	1983–1984	orbiter	success	radar mapping		Template:COSPAR
Venera 16		Template:Flagicon SAS	1983–1984	orbiter	success	radar mapping; identical to Venera 15		Template:COSPAR
Vega 1		Template:Flagicon SAS	11 June 1985	flyby	success	went on to fly by Halley's comet	File:Vega model - Udvar-Hazy Center.JPG	Template:COSPAR
				lander	failure	instruments deployed prematurely		Template:COSPAR
				atmospheric balloon	success	floated at an altitude of about 54 km and transmitted for around 46 hours	File:Russian "Vega" balloon mission to Venus on display at the Udvar-Hazy museum.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Vega 2		Template:Flagicon SAS	15 June 1985	flyby	success	went on to fly by Halley's comet	File:Vega model - Udvar-Hazy Center.JPG	Template:COSPAR
				lander	success	transmitted from surface for 56 minutes		Template:COSPAR
				atmospheric balloon	success	floated at an altitude of about 54 km and transmitted for around 46 hours	File:Russian "Vega" balloon mission to Venus on display at the Udvar-Hazy museum.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Galileo		Template:Flagicon NASA	10 February 1990	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 16,000 km	File:Galileo Preparations - GPN-2000-000672.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="galileo-legacy">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Magellan		Template:Flagicon NASA	10 August 1990 – 12 October 1994	orbiter	success	global radar mapping	File:Magellan at Kennedy Space Center.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Cassini		Template:Flagicon NASA/ Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon ASI	26 April 1998	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Saturn	File:Cassini assembly.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
			24 June 1999

Since 2006

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Venus Express		Template:Flagicon ESA	11 April 2006 – 18 January 2015	orbiter	success	atmospheric studies; planetary imaging; magnetic observations	File:Venus Express in orbit.jpg	Template:COSPAR
MESSENGER		Template:Flagicon NASA	24 October 2006	flyby	success	gravity assist only; minimum distance 2990 km	File:Messenger.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			6 June 2007		success	minimum distance 300 km; en route to Mercury
Akatsuki (PLANET-C)		Template:Flagicon JAXA	6 December 2010 (Venus flyby)	orbiter	failure	failed orbital insertion in 2010; success in 2015 science mission began May 2016, contact lost April 2024, end of mission declared May 2024	File:Akatsuki-1.jpg	Template:COSPAR
			7 December 2015 (orbital insertion) – 29 May 2024	orbiter	success
IKAROS		Template:Flagicon JAXA	8 December 2010	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	success	solar sail technology development / interplanetary space exploration	File:IKAROS solar sail.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="jaxa-ikaros">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Shin'en (UNITEC-1)		Template:Flagicon UNISEC	December 2010?	flyby<ref>[1] Template:Webarchive</ref>	failure	contact lost shortly after launch		Template:COSPAR <ref name="unisec1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="newscientist.com">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Parker Solar Probe		Template:Flagicon NASA	10 October 2018	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to solar corona	File:Parker Solar Probe.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="Solar probe" />
			26 December 2019
			11 July 2020
BepiColombo (first pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon JAXA	15 October 2020	flyby	success	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	File:BepiColombo spacecraft model.png	Template:COSPAR
Solar Orbiter		Template:Flagicon ESA	27 December 2020	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit for solar polar observations		Template:COSPAR <ref name="ESA Solar Orbiter" />
Parker Solar Probe		Template:Flagicon NASA	20 February 2021	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to solar corona	File:Parker Solar Probe.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="Solar probe" />
Solar Orbiter		Template:Flagicon ESA	9 August 2021	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit for solar polar observations		Template:COSPAR <ref name="ESA Solar Orbiter" />
BepiColombo (second pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon JAXA	10 August 2021	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Mercury, during which it may study Venus' atmosphere and solar environment	File:BepiColombo spacecraft model.png	Template:COSPAR
Parker Solar Probe		Template:Flagicon NASA	16 October 2021	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to solar corona	File:Parker Solar Probe.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="Solar probe" />
Solar Orbiter		Template:Flagicon ESA	4 September 2022	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit for solar polar observations		Template:COSPAR <ref name="ESA Solar Orbiter" />
Parker Solar Probe		Template:Flagicon NASA	21 August 2023	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to solar corona	File:Parker Solar Probe.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="Solar probe" />
			6 November 2024
Solar Orbiter		Template:Flagicon ESA	18 February 2025	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit		Template:COSPAR <ref name="ESA Solar Orbiter"/>
JUICE		Template:Flagicon ESA	August 2025	flyby	en route	gravity assist en route to Jupiter	File:Juice launch kit cover close-up.png	<ref name="EPSC2021-358">Template:Cite conference</ref>
Solar Orbiter		Template:Flagicon ESA	December 2026	flyby	en route	gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit		Template:COSPAR <ref name="ESA Solar Orbiter"/>

Earth flybys

See List of Earth flybys

In addition, several planetary probes have sent back observations of the Earth-Moon system shortly after launch, most notably Mariner 10, Pioneers 10 and 11 and both Voyager probes (Voyager 1 and Voyager 2).

Lunar probes

See List of lunar probes

Mars probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Major early programs encompassing multiple probes include:

• Zond program — failed USSR flyby probe
• Mars probe program — USSR orbiters and landers
• Viking program — two NASA orbiters and landers (1974)
• Phobos program — failed USSR orbiters and Phobos landers

1960–1969

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Mars 1M No.1		Template:Flagicon USSR	10 October 1960	flyby	failure	failed to reach Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Mars 1M No.2		Template:Flagicon USSR	14 October 1960	flyby	failure	failed to reach Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Mars 1962A		Template:Flagicon USSR	24 October 1962	flyby	failure	exploded in or en route to Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Mars 1962B		Template:Flagicon USSR	11 November 1962 (launch)	lander	failure	broke up during transfer to Mars trajectory		Template:COSPAR
Mars 1		Template:Flagicon USSR	19 June 1963	flyby	failure	contact lost en route; flew within approximately 193,000 km of Mars		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 3		Template:Flagicon NASA	5 November 1964	flyby	failure	protective shield failed to eject, preventing craft from attaining correct trajectory	File:Mariner 3 and 4.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mariner 4		Template:Flagicon NASA	15 July 1965	flyby	success	first close-up images of Mars	File:Mariner 3 and 4.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Zond 2		Template:Flagicon USSR	6 August 1965	flyby	failure	contact lost en route; flew within 1,500 km of Mars		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 6		Template:Flagicon NASA	31 July 1969	flyby	success		File:Mariner 6and7.gif	Template:COSPAR
Mariner 7		Template:Flagicon NASA	5 August 1969	flyby	success		File:Mariner 6and7.gif	Template:COSPAR
Mars 1969A		Template:Flagicon USSR	27 March 1969 (launch)	orbiter	failure	launch failure		Template:COSPAR
Mars 1969B		Template:Flagicon USSR	2 April 1969 (launch)	orbiter	failure	launch failure		Template:COSPAR

1971–1976

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Mariner 8		Template:Flagicon NASA	9 May 1971 (launch)	orbiter	failure	launch vehicle failure	File:Mariner09.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Kosmos 419		Template:Flagicon USSR	10 May 1971 (launch)	orbiter	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
Mariner 9		Template:Flagicon NASA	14 November 1971 – 27 October 1972	orbiter	success	first spacecraft to orbit another planet	File:Mariner09.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars 2		Template:Flagicon USSR	27 November 1971 – 22 August 1972	orbiter	success	first Soviet spacecraft to orbit another planet	File:FP2A3620 (23497688248) (cropped).jpg	Template:COSPAR
	Mars 2 Lander	Template:Flagicon USSR	27 November 1971	lander	failure	crashed; first manmade object to reach surface of Mars		Template:COSPAR
	PrOP-M	Template:Flagicon USSR	27 November 1971	rover	failure	never activated	File:PrOP-M.jpg
Mars 3		Template:Flagicon USSR	2 December 1971 – 22 August 1972	orbiter	partial success	attained a different orbit than intended due to insufficient fuel	File:FP2A3620 (23497688248) (cropped).jpg	Template:COSPAR
	Mars 3 Lander	Template:Flagicon USSR	2 December 1971	lander	partial success	first soft landing on Mars; contact lost 110 sec after soft landing, first picture from surface		Template:COSPAR
	PrOP-M	Template:Flagicon USSR	2 December 1971	rover	failure	never activated	File:PrOP-M.jpg
Mars 4		Template:Flagicon USSR	10 February 1974	orbiter	failure	orbit insertion failed, became flyby		Template:COSPAR
Mars 5		Template:Flagicon USSR	12 February 1974 – 28 February 1974	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
Mars 6		Template:Flagicon USSR	12 March 1974	flyby	success			Template:COSPAR
	Mars 6 Lander	Template:Flagicon USSR	12 March 1974	lander	failure	contact lost 148 sec after parachute deployment (returned 224 seconds of atmospheric data)
Mars 7		Template:Flagicon USSR	9 March 1974	flyby	success			Template:COSPAR
	Mars 7 Lander	Template:Flagicon USSR	9 March 1974	lander	failure	missed Mars
Viking 1 Orbiter		Template:Flagicon NASA	19 June 1976 – 17 August 1980	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
	Viking 1 Lander	Template:Flagicon NASA	20 July 1976 – 13 November 1982	lander	success		File:NASM-A19790215000-NASM2016-02690.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Viking 2 Orbiter		Template:Flagicon NASA	7 August 1976 – 25 July 1978	orbiter	success			Template:COSPAR
	Viking 2 Lander	Template:Flagicon NASA	Template:Nowrap 11 April 1980	lander	success		File:NASM-A19790215000-NASM2016-02690.jpg	Template:COSPAR

1988–1999

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Phobos 1		Template:Flagicon USSR	7 July 1988 (launch)	orbiter	failure	contact lost en route to Mars	File:Phobos Marte.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Phobos 2		Template:Flagicon USSR	29 January 1989 – 27 March 1989	orbiter	partial success	Mars orbit acquired, but contact lost shortly before Phobos approach phase and deployment of Phobos landers	File:Phobos Marte.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Observer		Template:Flagicon NASA	25 September 1992 (launch)	orbiter	failure	contact lost shortly before Mars orbit insertion		Template:COSPAR
Mars 96		Template:Flagicon RKA	16 November 1996 (launch)	orbiter	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
				lander			File:Mars96 surface station.jpg	Template:COSPAR
				lander				Template:COSPAR
				penetrator			File:Mars96 penetrator.gif	Template:COSPAR
				penetrator				Template:COSPAR
Mars Pathfinder		Template:Flagicon NASA	4 July 1997 – 27 September 1997	lander	success			Template:COSPAR
	Sojourner	Template:Flagicon NASA	6 July 1997 – 27 September 1997	rover	success	first Mars rover	File:Sojourner on Mars PIA01122.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Global Surveyor		Template:Flagicon NASA	Template:Nowrap 2 November 2006	orbiter	success		File:Mars global surveyor.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Climate Orbiter		Template:Flagicon NASA	23 September 1999	orbiter	failure	Mars orbit insertion failed due to navigation error. Part of Mars Surveyor '98.	File:Mars Climate Orbiter during tests.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Polar Lander		Template:Flagicon NASA	3 December 1999	lander	failure	Contact lost just prior to entering Martian atmosphere. Part of Mars Surveyor '98.	File:Mars polar lander.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	Deep Space 2 "Amundsen"	Template:Flagicon NASA	3 December 1999	penetrator			File:DS-2 Components.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	Deep Space 2 "Scott"	Template:Flagicon NASA	3 December 1999	penetrator

2001–2009

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
2001 Mars Odyssey		Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	studying climate and geology; communications relay for Spirit and Opportunity rovers longest surviving spacecraft in orbit around a planet other than Earth	File:Mars-odyssey-sm.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Nozomi		Template:Flagicon ISAS	14 December 2003	orbiter	failure	failed to attain Mars orbit, became flyby		Template:COSPAR
Mars Express		Template:Flagicon ESA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	surface imaging and mapping; first European probe in Martian orbit	File:Mars-express-volcanoes-sm.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	Beagle 2	Template:Flagicon UK	25 December 2003	lander	failure	Deployed by the Mars Express; lost for 11 years and imaged by NASA's MRO in 2015<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	File:Beagle 2 replica.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Exploration Rover-A "Spirit"		Template:Flagicon NASA	4 January 2004 – 22 March 2010	rover	success	became stuck in May 2009; then operating as a static science station until contact lost in March 2010	File:NASA Mars Rover.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Exploration Rover-B "Opportunity"		Template:Flagicon NASA	25 January 2004 – 10 June 2018	rover	success	lost contact 10 June 2018 due to 2018 global dust storm. NASA concluded mission on 13 February 2019 after failed communication attempts since August 2018.	File:NASA Mars Rover.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter		Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	surface imaging and surveying	File:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Rosetta		Template:Flagicon ESA	25 February 2007	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to asteroid and comet encounters	File:Rosetta.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Phoenix		Template:Flagicon NASA	25 May 2008 – 10 November 2008	lander	success	collection of soil samples near the northern pole to search for water and investigate Mars' geological history and biological potential	File:Phoenix Lander small.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Dawn		Template:Flagicon NASA	17 February 2009	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Vesta and Ceres	File:Dawn Flight Configuration 2.jpg	Template:COSPAR

2011–2018

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Fobos-Grunt		Template:Flagicon RKA	8 November 2011 (launch)	orbiter and Phobos sample return	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit		Template:COSPAR
	Yinghuo-1	Template:Flagicon CNSA		orbiter				Template:COSPAR
Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity		Template:Flagicon NASA	6 August 2012 –	rover	success	investigation of past and present habitability, climate and geology	File:MSL concept February 2007 - PIA09201.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Mangalyaan / Mars Orbiter Mission		Template:Flagicon ISRO	24 September 2014 – 27 September 2022	orbiter	success	first Indian spacecraft to orbit another planet, studying Martian atmosphere; mineralogical mapping.	File:Mars Orbiter Mission - India - ArtistsConcept.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
MAVEN		Template:Flagicon NASA	25 September 2014 –	orbiter	success	studying Martian atmosphere	File:Maven spacecraft full.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (ExoMars 2016)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon RKA	19 October 2016 –	orbiter	success	atmospheric gas analysis; communication relay for surface probes	File:ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Schiaparelli EDM lander	Template:Flagicon ESA	19 October 2016	lander	failure	landing test, meteorological observation, crashed upon landing<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>	File:Maquette EDM salon du Bourget 2013 DSC 0192.JPG
InSight		Template:Flagicon NASA	26 November 2018 – 21 December 2022	lander	success	studied the deep interior of Mars, with a seismometer and a heat-flow probe.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>	File:Artist's Concept of the InSight Lander.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	MarCO A "WALL-E"	Template:Flagicon NASA	26 November 2018	flyby	success	relaying data from InSight during its entry, descent, and landing	File:PIA19388-Mars-InSight-MarCO-CubeSats-20150612.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	MarCO B "EVE"	Template:Flagicon NASA	26 November 2018	flyby	success			Template:COSPAR

Since 2020

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Emirates Mars Mission		Template:Flagicon MBRSC	9 February 2021 –	orbiter	in orbit	conduct studies of Martian atmosphere		Template:COSPAR <ref name=UAE>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Tianwen-1 orbiter		Template:Flagicon CNSA	10 February 2021 -	orbiter	in orbit	orbital studies of Martian surface morphology, soil, and atmosphere		Template:COSPAR <ref name="bbc15052021">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="AJ23July2020">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	Tianwen-1 Deployable Camera 1	Template:Flagicon CNSA	~10 February 2021	flyby (post mission)	success	imaged Tianwen-1 in deep space
	Tianwen-1 Deployable Camera 2	Template:Flagicon CNSA	10 February 2021 (released on 31 December 2021)	orbiter	success	imaged Tianwen-1 orbiter and Northern Mars Ice Caps from Mars orbit.
	Tianwen-1 lander	Template:Flagicon CNSA	14 May 2021	lander	success	Reaches end of designed lifespan after successful soft landing.
	Zhurong	Template:Flagicon CNSA	22 May 2021 - 5 May 2022	rover	success	in-situ studies of Martian surface morphology, soil, and atmosphere
	Tianwen-1 Remote Camera	Template:Flagicon CNSA	1 June 2021	lander	success	imaged Tianwen-1 lander and Zhurong rover on Mars
Mars 2020 Perseverance		Template:Flagicon NASA	18 February 2021 -	rover	landed	investigate past and present habitability, climate, and geology; produce O2 from CO2; collect samples for Mars Sample Return Mission	File:PIA23764-MarsPerseveranceRover-ArtistConcept-20200305.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="NYT-20200305">Template:Cite news</ref>
	Mars Helicopter Ingenuity	Template:Flagicon NASA	3 April 2021 - 25 January 2024	autonomous UAV helicopter	success	experimental scout for the Perseverance rover. Took 1st flight successfully from takeoff to landing.	File:MarsRoverHelicopter-20150122.png
Europa Clipper		Template:Flagicon NASA	1 March	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Jupiter	File:Europa Mission Spacecraft - Artist's Rendering.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Mission to Europa">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Hera		Template:Flagicon ESA	7 October 2024 (launch) March 2025 (flyby)	flyby	enroute	gravity assist en route to Didymos	File:Hera in orbit.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Heracommunity">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="nsf201901">Template:Cite news</ref>
Psyche		Template:Flagicon NASA	13 October 2023 (launch) May 2026 (flyby)	flyby	enroute	gravity assist en route to Psyche	File:PSYCHE.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Discovery 2017">Template:Cite news</ref>

Phobos probes

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Phobos 1		Template:Flagicon USSR	7 July 1988 (launch)	flyby	failure	contact lost en route to Mars	File:Phobos Marte.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	DAS	Template:Flagicon USSR	2 September 1988	fixed lander	failure	never deployed
Phobos 2		Template:Flagicon USSR	27 March 1989 (contact lost)	flyby	failure	attained Mars orbit; contact lost prior to deployment of lander	File:Phobos Marte.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	DAS	Template:Flagicon USSR	27 March 1989	fixed lander	failure	never deployed
	"Frog"	Template:Flagicon USSR	27 March 1989	mobile lander	failure	never deployed
Fobos-Grunt		Template:Flagicon RKA	8 November 2011 (launch)	sample return	failure	failed to escape Earth orbit; launched with Yinghuo-1 Mars orbiter		Template:COSPAR

Ceres probes

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Dawn		Template:Flagicon NASA	6 March 2015 – 1 November 2018	orbiter	success	first spacecraft to orbit two different celestial bodies; previously visited Vesta	File:Dawn Flight Configuration 2.jpg	Template:COSPAR

Asteroid probes

Target	Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
951 Gaspra	Galileo		Template:Flagicon NASA	29 October 1991	flyby	success	en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 1900 km	File:Galileo Preparations - GPN-2000-000672.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="galileo-legacy"/>
243 Ida	Galileo		Template:Flagicon NASA	28 August 1993	flyby	success	en route to Jupiter; minimum distance 2400 km; discovery of the first asteroid satellite Dactyl	File:Galileo Preparations - GPN-2000-000672.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="galileo-legacy"/>
1620 Geographos	Clementine		Template:Flagicon BMDO/ File:No image.svg NASA	1994	flyby	failure	flyby cancelled due to equipment malfunction	File:Clementine Deployed.png	Template:COSPAR
253 Mathilde	NEAR Shoemaker		Template:Flagicon NASA	27 June 1997	flyby	success	flew within 1200 km of 253 Mathilde en route to 433 Eros	File:NEARCraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
433 Eros	NEAR Shoemaker		Template:Flagicon NASA	January 1999	orbiter	failure	became flyby due to software and communications problems (later attempt at orbit insertion succeeded; see below)	File:NEARCraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
9969 Braille	Deep Space 1		Template:Flagicon NASA	29 July 1999	flyby	partial success	no close-up images due to camera pointing error; went on to visit comet 19P/Borrelly	File:Deep Space 1 using its ion engine.jpg	Template:COSPAR
2685 Masursky	Cassini		Template:Flagicon NASA/ Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon ASI	23 January 2000	distant flyby	success	en route to Saturn	File:Cassini assembly.jpg	Template:COSPAR
433 Eros	NEAR Shoemaker		Template:Flagicon NASA	Template:Nowrap February 2001	orbiter, became lander	success	improvised landing by orbiter at end of mission	File:NEARCraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
5535 Annefrank	Stardust		Template:Flagicon NASA	2 November 2002	distant flyby	success	went on to visit comet 81P/Wild	File:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg	Template:COSPAR
25143 Itokawa	Hayabusa		Template:Flagicon ISAS	2005–07	sample return	success	2005: landed and collected dust grains. 2010: sample returned.	File:Hayabusa(Muses-C) sampling.jpg	Template:COSPAR
		MINERVA	Template:Flagicon ISAS	Template:Nowrap	hopper	failure	missed target
132524 APL	New Horizons		Template:Flagicon NASA	June 2006	distant flyby	success	flew past Pluto successfully		Template:COSPAR
2867 Šteins	Rosetta		Template:Flagicon ESA	5 September 2008	flyby	success	en route to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko	File:Rosetta.jpg	Template:COSPAR
21 Lutetia	Rosetta		Template:Flagicon ESA	11 July 2010	flyby	success	en route to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko	File:Rosetta.jpg	Template:COSPAR
4 Vesta	Dawn		Template:Flagicon NASA	16 July 2011 – 5 September 2012	orbiter	success	first spacecraft to orbit two different celestial bodies; now orbiting Ceres	File:Dawn Flight Configuration 2.jpg	Template:COSPAR
4179 Toutatis	Chang'e 2		Template:Flagicon CNSA	13 December 2012	flyby	success	came within 3.2 km (2.0 mi) to Toutatis		Template:COSPAR
2000 DP107	PROCYON		Template:Flagicon University of Tokyo / JAXA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	flyby	failure	launched with Hayabusa2 in 2014; mission abandoned after ion thruster failure<ref name="Lakdawalla">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>		Template:COSPAR
162173 Ryugu	Hayabusa2		Template:Flagicon JAXA	27 June 2018 – 13 November 2019	sample return	success	asteroid rendezvous in June 2018, sample capture in 2019; returned sample to Earth on 5 December 2020		Template:COSPAR
		Minerva II-1A	Template:Flagicon JAXA	21 September 2018	hopper	success
		Minerva II-1B	Template:Flagicon JAXA	21 September 2018	hopper	success
		MASCOT	Template:Flagicon DLR/ Template:Flagicon CNES	3 October 2018	mobile lander	success
		SCI	Template:Flagicon JAXA	5 April 2019	impactor	success
		DCAM-3	Template:Flagicon JAXA	5 April 2019	orbiter	success	observing SCI's impact, and the ejecta created by the impact
		Minerva II-2	Template:Flagicon JAXA	2 October 2019	hopper	failure	Rover failed before deployment, it was deployed in orbit around the asteroid to perform gravitational measurements before it impacted on 8 October 2019.
101955 Bennu	OSIRIS-REx		Template:Flagicon NASA	August 2018	sample return	success	orbital insertion in 2018, sample capture in 2020, a flyby in 2021, return to Earth in 2023	File:OSIRIS-REx spacecraft model.png	Template:COSPAR
2002 GT	Deep Impact		Template:Flagicon NASA	January 2020<ref name="2002GT">Deep Impact sets path for asteroid encounter in 2020 – spaceflightnow.com – Stephen Clark – 17 December 2011</ref>	flyby	failure	contact lost; previously visited comet 103P/Hartley	File:Deep Impact.jpg	Template:COSPAR
65803 Didymos	DART		Template:Flagicon NASA	26 September 2022	flyby/impactor	success	kinetic impactor of Dimorphos to test planetary defense	File:51619406234 b05ef2464f o Dart Spacecraft Launch Configuration.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="DARTblog1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		LICIACube	Template:Flagicon ASI	26 September 2022	flyby	success	observe DART's impact	File:LICIACube CubeSat a companion satellite of Dart Spacecraft.jpg
2020 GE (tentative)	Near-Earth Asteroid Scout		Template:Flagicon NASA	16 November 2022 (launch)	flyby	failure	Small spacecraft asteroid flyby technology demonstration. Communication failure	File:Near Earth Asteroid Scout.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name='NEA-Scout'>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
152830 Dinkinesh	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	1 November 2023	flyby	success	main-belt asteroid flyby en route to Jupiter Trojans; minimum distance 425 km; discovered a natural satellite of the asteroid	File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Discovery 2017"/>
52246 Donaldjohanson	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	20 April 2025	flyby	success	main-belt asteroid flyby en route to Jupiter Trojans	File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Discovery 2017"/>
2022 OB5	Brokkr-2		Template:Flagicon AstroForge	27 February 2025 (launch) December 2025 (flyby)	flyby	failure	near-Earth asteroid flyby and determine if the asteroid is metallic as a test for space mining. Mission failed due to communication and tumbling issues.<ref name="sn-20230130">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>		Template:COSPAR
[[469219 KamoTemplate:Okinaoalewa]]	Tianwen-2 (ZhengHe)		Template:Flagicon CNSA	29 May 2025 (launch) 7 June 2026 (orbit)	sample return	planned	orbit then return sample from an Apollo NEA		<ref name="AJ10August2021">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="AJ23July2020">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="lpsc2019">Template:Cite conference</ref>
98943 Torifune	Hayabusa2		Template:Flagicon JAXA	2026	flyby	en route			Template:COSPAR<ref name="Hayabusa2extension">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
3548 Eurybates	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	August 2027	flyby	en route	First flyby of a Jupiter trojan	File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR
15094 Polymele	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	September 2027	flyby	en route		File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR
65803 Didymos	Hera		Template:Flagicon ESA	2027	orbiter	en route	studying effects of DART's impact on the asteroid	File:Hera in orbit.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Heracommunity"/><ref name="nsf201901"/>
		Milani	Template:Flagicon ESA	2027	orbiter	en route	to be deployed from Hera
		Juventas	Template:Flagicon ESA	2027	orbiter	en route	to be deployed from Hera
(65803) Dimorphos	Milani		Template:Flagicon ESA		Orbiter/lander	en route			<ref name="nsf201901"/>
Template:Mpl	China Asteroid deflection probe		Template:Flagicon CNSA	2027 (launch)	flyby/impactor	planned	probes to observe/impact an Aten NEA		<ref name="AJ11April2023">Template:Cite news</ref>
11351 Leucus	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	April 2028	flyby	en route		File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR
21900 Orus	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	November 2028	flyby	en route		File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR
99942 Apophis	OSIRIS-APEX (formerly OSIRIS-REx)		Template:Flagicon NASA	April 2029	orbiter	en route	study of a C-type asteroid in 2029	File:OSIRIS-REx spacecraft model.png	Template:COSPAR<ref name="OSIRISAPEX">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
16 Psyche	Psyche		Template:Flagicon NASA	13 October 2023 (launch) August 2029 (arrival)	orbiter	en route	Selected for mission #14 of NASA's Discovery Program to explore a metallic asteroid.	File:PSYCHE.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Discovery 2017"/>
1998 KY26	Hayabusa2		Template:Flagicon JAXA	2030	flyby	en route	flyby of a fast rotator asteroid		Template:COSPAR<ref name="Hayabusa2extension"/>
Patroclus and Menoetius	Lucy		Template:Flagicon NASA	March 2033	flyby	en route	First flyby of a Trojan Camp Jupiter Trojan	File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png	Template:COSPAR
311P/PANSTARRS	Tianwen-2 (ZhengHe)		Template:Flagicon CNSA	29 May 2025 (launch) 24 January 2035 (orbit)	orbiter, lander	planned	study of an asteroid/main-belt comet		<ref name="AJ10August2021"/><ref name="AJ23July2020" /><ref name="lpsc2019"/> -

Jupiter probes

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Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Pioneer 10		Template:Flagicon NASA	3 December 1973	flyby	success	first probe to cross the asteroid belt; first Jupiter probe; first man-made object on an interstellar trajectory; now in the outer regions of the Solar System but no longer contactable	File:Pioneer 10 at Jupiter.gif	Template:COSPAR
Pioneer 11		Template:Flagicon NASA	4 December 1974	flyby	success	went on to visit Saturn	File:Pioneer 11 at Saturn.gif	Template:COSPAR
Voyager 1		Template:Flagicon NASA	5 March 1979	flyby	success	went on to visit Saturn	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Voyager 2		Template:Flagicon NASA	9 July 1979	flyby	success	went on to visit Saturn, Uranus and Neptune	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Ulysses (first pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon NASA	February 1992	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to inclined heliocentric orbit for solar polar observations	File:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Galileo Orbiter		Template:Flagicon NASA	7 December 1995 – 21 September 2003	orbiter	success	also flew by various of Jupiter's moons; intentionally flown into Jupiter at end of mission; first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter; first spacecraft to flyby an asteroid	File:Galileo Preparations - GPN-2000-000672.jpg	Template:COSPAR
	Galileo Probe	Template:Flagicon NASA	7 December 1995	atmospheric probe	success	first probe to enter Jupiter's atmosphere	File:Galileo Probe.jpeg	Template:COSPAR
Cassini		Template:Flagicon NASA/ Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon ASI	December 2000	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Saturn	File:Cassini assembly.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Ulysses (second pass)		Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon NASA	2003–04	distant flyby	success		File:Ulysses spacecraft.jpg	Template:COSPAR
New Horizons		Template:Flagicon NASA	28 February 2007	flyby	success	gravity assist en route to Pluto		Template:COSPAR
Juno		Template:Flagicon NASA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	orbiter	success	First solar-powered Jupiter orbiter, first mission to achieve a polar orbit of Jupiter.	File:Juno in front of Jupiter.jpg	Template:COSPAR
JUICE		Template:Flagicon ESA	14 April 2023 (launch)	orbiter	en route	mission to study Jupiter's three icy moons Callisto, Europa and Ganymede, eventually orbiting Ganymede as the first spacecraft to orbit a satellite of another planet.	File:Juice launch kit cover close-up.png	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Europa Clipper		Template:Flagicon NASA	14 October 2024 (launch) 11 April 2030 (planned)	orbiter	en route	planned to orbit Jupiter and fly by Europa multiple times	File:Europa Mission Spacecraft - Artist's Rendering.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref name="Mission to Europa"/>

Ganymede probes

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
JUICE		Template:Flagicon ESA	14 April 2023 (launch)	orbiter	en route	mission to study Jupiter's three icy moons Callisto, Europa and Ganymede, eventually orbiting Ganymede as the first spacecraft to orbit a satellite of another planet.	File:Juice launch kit cover close-up.png	<ref name="JUICE ESA"/>

Saturn probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Pioneer 11		Template:Flagicon NASA	1 September 1979	flyby	success	previously visited Jupiter	File:Pioneer 11 at Saturn.gif	Template:COSPAR
Voyager 1		Template:Flagicon NASA	12 November 1980	flyby	success	previously visited Jupiter	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Voyager 2		Template:Flagicon NASA	5 August 1981	flyby	success	previously visited Jupiter, went on to visit Uranus and Neptune	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Cassini		Template:Flagicon NASA/ Template:Flagicon ESA/ Template:Flagicon ASI	1 July 2004 – 15 September 2017	orbiter	success	also performed flybys of a number of Saturn's moons, and deployed the Huygens Titan lander; first spacecraft to orbit Saturn	File:Cassini assembly.jpg	Template:COSPAR

Titan probes

Spacecraft	Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Huygens	Template:Flagicon ESA	14 January 2005	atmospheric probe, lander	success	deployed by Cassini; first probe to land on a satellite of another planet	File:Huygens probe dsc03686.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref>Template:COSPAR</ref>

Uranus probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Voyager 2		Template:Flagicon NASA	24 January 1986	flyby	success	previously visited Jupiter and Saturn; went on to visit Neptune	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR

Neptune probes

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Voyager 2		Template:Flagicon NASA	25 August 1989	flyby	success	previously visited Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR

Pluto probes

Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
New Horizons		Template:Flagicon NASA	14 July 2015	flyby	success	later flew by Kuiper belt object Template:Nobr when it was 43.4 AU from the Sun.	File:New Horizons Transparent.png	Template:COSPAR

Comet probes

Target	Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
21P/Giacobini-Zinner	ICE (formerly ISEE3)		Template:Nowrap	11 September 1985	flyby	success	previously solar monitor ISEE3; went on to observe Halley's Comet	File:ISEE3-ICE.jpg	Template:COSPAR
1P/Halley	Vega 1		Template:Flagicon SAS	6 March 1986	flyby	success	minimum distance 8,890 km; previously visited Venus	File:Vega model - Udvar-Hazy Center.JPG	Template:COSPAR
1P/Halley	Suisei		Template:Flagicon ISAS	8 March 1986	flyby	success	151,000 km	File:Suisei.gif	Template:COSPAR
1P/Halley	Vega 2		Template:Flagicon SAS	9 March 1986	flyby	success	minimum distance 8,890 km; previously visited Venus	File:Vega model - Udvar-Hazy Center.JPG	Template:COSPAR
1P/Halley	Sakigake		Template:Flagicon ISAS	March 1986	distant flyby	partial success	minimum distance 6.99 million km	File:Sakigake.gif	Template:COSPAR
1P/Halley	Giotto		Template:Flagicon ESA	14 March 1986	flyby	success	minimum distance 596 km; went on to visit comet 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup		Template:COSPAR
1P/Halley	ICE (formerly ISEE3)		Template:Flagicon NASA	28 March 1986	distant obser- vations	success	minimum distance 32 million km; previously visited comet 21P/Giacobini–Zinner	File:ISEE3-ICE.jpg	Template:COSPAR
26P/Grigg–Skjellerup	Giotto		Template:Flagicon ESA	10 July 1992	flyby	success	previously visited Halley's Comet		Template:COSPAR
45P/ Honda–Mrkos–Pajdusakova	Sakigake		Template:Flagicon ISAS	1996	flyby	failure	contact lost; previously visited Halley's Comet	File:Sakigake.gif	Template:COSPAR
21P/Giacobini-Zinner	Sakigake		Template:Flagicon ISAS	1998	flyby	failure
55P/Tempel-Tuttle	Suisei		Template:Flagicon ISAS	1998	flyby	failure	abandoned due to lack of fuel; previously visited Halley's Comet	File:Suisei.gif	Template:COSPAR
21P/Giacobini-Zinner	Suisei		Template:Flagicon ISAS	1998	flyby	failure
107P/Wilson-Harrington	Template:Nowrap		Template:Flagicon NASA	Template:Nowrap	flyby	failure	abandoned due to problems with the star tracker, but was re-tasked to fly by comet 19P/Borrelly	File:Deep Space 1 using its ion engine.jpg	Template:COSPAR
19P/Borrelly	Template:Nowrap		Template:Flagicon NASA	Template:Nowrap	flyby	success	previously visited asteroid 9969 Braille	File:Deep Space 1 using its ion engine.jpg	Template:COSPAR
2P/Encke	CONTOUR		Template:Flagicon NASA	2003	flyby	failure	contact lost shortly after launch	File:CONTOUR pre-launch.jpg	Template:COSPAR
81P/Wild	Stardust		Template:Flagicon NASA	2 January 2004	flyby, sample return	success	sample returned January 2006; also visited asteroid 5535 Annefrank	File:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg	Template:COSPAR
9P/Tempel	Deep Impact		Template:Flagicon NASA	July 2005	flyby	success		File:Deep Impact.jpg	Template:COSPAR
		Impactor	Template:Flagicon NASA	4 July 2005	impactor	success
73P/ Schwassmann-Wachmann	CONTOUR		Template:Flagicon NASA	2006	flyby	failure	contact lost shortly after launch	File:CONTOUR pre-launch.jpg	Template:COSPAR
6P/d'Arrest	CONTOUR		Template:Flagicon NASA	2008	flyby	failure	contact lost shortly after launch	File:CONTOUR pre-launch.jpg	Template:COSPAR
103P/Hartley	Deep Impact (redesignated EPOXI)		Template:Flagicon NASA	4 November 2010	flyby	success	mission extension (target changed from comet Boethin)	File:Deep Impact.jpg	Template:COSPAR
9P/Tempel	Stardust (redesignated NExT)		Template:Flagicon NASA	14 February 2011	flyby	success	mission extension	File:Stardust - Concepcao artistica.jpg	Template:COSPAR
67P/Churyumov– Gerasimenko	Rosetta		Template:Flagicon ESA	6 August 2014 – 30 September 2016	orbiter	success	flybys of asteroids 2867 Šteins and 21 Lutetia completed; intentionally impacted at end of mission	File:Rosetta.jpg	Template:COSPAR
		Philae	Template:Flagicon ESA	12 November 2014 – 9 July 2015	lander	success		File:Philae lander (transparent bg).png	Template:COSPAR

Kuiper belt probes

Target	Spacecraft		Organization	Date	Type	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Template:Nobr	New Horizons		Template:Flagicon NASA	1 January 2019	flyby	success	extended mission after Pluto; may flyby another object in 2020s.<ref name="Foust20181231">Template:Cite news</ref>	File:New Horizons Transparent.png	Template:COSPAR

Probes leaving the Solar System

Spacecraft	Organization	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
Pioneer 10	Template:Flagicon NASA	success	Left Jupiter in December 1973. Mission ended March 1997. Last contact 23 January 2003. Craft now presumed to lack sufficient power for antenna.	File:Pioneer 10 at Jupiter.gif	Template:COSPAR
Pioneer 11	Template:Flagicon NASA	success	Left Saturn in September 1979. Last contact September 1995. The craft's antenna cannot be maneuvered to point to Earth. Craft now presumed to lack sufficient power for antenna.	File:Pioneer 11 at Saturn.gif	Template:COSPAR
Voyager 1	Template:Flagicon NASA	success	Left Saturn in November 1980. Still in regular contact and transmitting scientific data.	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Voyager 2	Template:Flagicon NASA	success	Left Neptune in August 1989. Still in regular contact and transmitting scientific data.	File:Voyager.jpg	Template:COSPAR
New Horizons	Template:Flagicon NASA	success	Left Pluto 14 July 2015; flew by Kuiper belt object Template:Nobr on 1 January 2019 when it was 43.4 AU from the Sun.	File:New Horizons Transparent.png	Template:COSPAR

Other probes to leave Earth orbit

For completeness, this section lists probes that have left (or will leave) Earth orbit, but are not primarily targeted at any of the above bodies. Template:Sticky header

Spacecraft	Organization	Date	Location	Status	Notes	Image	Ref
WMAP	Template:Flagicon NASA	30 June 2001 (launch) – October 2010 (end)<ref name="graveyard"/>	Sun-Earth L2 point	success	cosmic background radiation observations; sent to graveyard orbit after 9 years of use.<ref name="graveyard">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	File:WMAP2.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Spitzer Space Telescope	Template:Flagicon NASA	25 August 2003 (launch) – 30 January 2020 (end)	Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit	success	infrared astronomy		Template:COSPAR
Kepler	Template:Flagicon NASA	6 March 2009 (launch) - 2018	Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit	success	search for extrasolar planets	File:Kepler Space Telescope.png	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Herschel Space Observatory	Template:Flagicon ESA	14 May 2009 (launch)	Lissajous orbit around Sun-Earth L2 point	success	study of formation and evolution of galaxies and stars	File:Herschel Space Observatory.jpg	Template:COSPAR
Planck	Template:Flagicon ESA	14 May 2009 (launch) - 2013	Lissajous orbit around Sun-Earth L2 point	success	cosmic microwave background observations		Template:COSPAR
IKAROS	Template:Flagicon JAXA	20 May 2010 (launch)	Earth-Venus transfer heliocentric orbit	operational	solar sail technology development / interplanetary space exploration	File:IKAROS solar sail.jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref name="jaxa-ikaros"/>
Shin'en (UNITEC-1)	Template:Flagicon UNISEC			failure	technology development; contact lost shortly after launch<ref name="newscientist.com"/>		Template:COSPAR <ref name="unisec1"/>
Chang'e 2	Template:Flagicon CNSA	25 August 2011 (arrive) – 15 April 2012 (end)	Sun-Earth L2 point	success	Left the point on 15 April 2012, then flew by asteroid 4179 Toutatis		Template:COSPAR
Gaia	Template:Flagicon ESA	19 December 2013 (launch)	Lissajous orbit around Sun-Earth L2 point	success	astrometry mission to measure the position and motion of 1 billion stars		Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Shin'en 2	Template:Flagicon Kyushu Institute of Technology	3 December 2014 (launch)	heliocentric orbit	success	amateur radio satellite / material demonstration		Template:COSPAR<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
ARTSAT2:DESPATCH	Template:Flagicon Tama Art University			success	deep space artwork / amateur radio satellite		Template:COSPAR<ref name="DESPATCH">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
LISA Pathfinder	Template:Flagicon ESA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> – 30 June 2017 (end)	Halo orbit around Sun-Earth L1 point	success	test mission for proposed LISA gravitational wave observatory	File:LISA Pathfinder (14257775333).jpg	Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Spektr-RG	Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon	13 July 2019 (launch)	Halo orbit around Sun-Earth L2 point	operational	X-ray astronomy		Template:COSPAR<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Chang'e 5	Template:Flagicon CNSA	23 November 2020 (launch) - 30 August 2021 (left L1)	Halo orbit about Sun-Earth L1 point	success	test mission post lunar sample return		Template:COSPAR<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
James Webb Space Telescope	Template:Flagicon NASA Template:Flagicon ESA Template:Flagicon CSA	25 December 2021 (launch)	Sun-Earth L2 point	in orbit	infrared astronomy	File:James Webb Space Telescope.jpg	Template:COSPAR<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
ArgoMoon	Template:Flagicon ASI	16 November 2022 (launch)	High Earth Orbit with Lunar Flybys (heliocentric)	in orbit	image the ICPS and perform deep space Nanotechnology experiments.	File:Artemis I - OSA Secondary Payload ARGO, BioS (KSC-20210714-PH-GEB02 0019).jpg	Template:Cospar
BioSentinel	Template:Flagicon NASA		heliocentric orbit	in orbit	it contains yeast cards that will be rehydrated in space, designed to detect, measure, and compare the effects of deep space radiation.	File:Biosentinel 6U CubeSat format.jpg	Template:Cospar
Team Miles	Template:Flagicon Fluid & Reason			failure	demonstrate low-thrust plasma propulsion in deep space. Deployed, but contact was not established.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>		Template:Cospar
CuSP	Template:Flagicon NASA	16 November 2022	heliocentric orbit	failure	study particles and magnetic fields.	File:Artemis I OSA Secondary Payloads - CuSP and LunaHMap (KSC-20210714-PH-KLS01 0071) (cropped).jpg	Template:Cospar
Euclid	Template:Flagicon ESA	1 July 2023 (launch)	Halo orbit around Sun-Earth L2 point	enroute	measure the rate of expansion of the Universe through time to better understand dark energy and dark matter	File:Euclid ESA376594.jpg	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Chang'e 6	Template:Flagicon CNSA	3 May 2024 (launch)	Halo orbit about Sun-Earth L2 point	success	on extended test mission post lunar sample return		Template:COSPAR <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>

See also

• Lists of spacecraft
• List of uncrewed spacecraft by program
• Discovery and exploration of the Solar System
• List of space telescopes
• Sample return mission
• Timeline of Solar System exploration
• List of interplanetary voyages
• List of missions to the outer planets

External links

• Planetary Society: Cassini's Tour of the Saturn System